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Questions and Answers

What is the basic building block of nucleotides?

A nucleoside

DNA is the first three-dimensional Xerox machine.

True

What is the name of the enzyme responsible for unwinding the DNA template at the replication fork?

Helicase

What are the three types of DNA repair?

Double-strand break repair Signup and view all the answers

Telomerase only operates in prokaryotes.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 types of single-nucleotide mutations?

Transition, transversion, and frameshift Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main types of RNA polymerase found in eukaryotes? What does each produce?

RNA polymerase I produces rRNA, RNA polymerase II produces mRNA (as well as microRNA and snRNA), and RNA polymerase III produces 5S rRNA, tRNA. Signup and view all the answers

What are the five types of genetic code features?

Unambiguous, degenerate, nonoverlapping, commaless, and universal. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three primary mechanisms of epigenetic change?

DNA methylation Signup and view all the answers

Anti-U1 snRNP antibodies are associated with various autoimmune diseases.

True Signup and view all the answers

What does the term ‘alternative splicing’ refer to? What are some clinical examples?

Alternative splicing is the process by which different exons are frequently combined to produce a larger number of unique proteins. This can be seen in the creation of a transmembrane immunoglobulin vs a secreted immunoglobulin, tropomyosin variants in muscle, and dopamine receptors in the brain. Signup and view all the answers