16 Questions
How is resting membrane potential achieved?
3 Na+ out and 2 K+ in via Na+/K+ ATPase, more positive outside than inside, -70 mV inside
How is depolarisation achieved?
Na+ channels open, and Na+ enters, threshold reaches above -55 mv, generating AP
What is the Refactory period?
More negative than -70 mV, Na+ channels constricted
What do the Rab proteins do in synaptic vesicle exocytosis?
Vesicle targeting
What do SM proteins do in synaptic vesicle exocytosis?
Docking/fusion
What do SNARE proteins do in synaptic vesicle exocytosis?
Membrane fusion
What do NSF/SNAPs do in synaptic vesicle exocytosis?
Snare recycling
What are the excitatory neurotransmitters in the CNS?
Glutamate -> Brain, Aspartate -> Spinal Cord
What are the inhibitory neurotransmitters of the CNS?
GABA -> Brain, Glycine -> Spinal Cord
Glutamate acts via
Ionotropic AMPA, kainate and NMDA receptors as well as G-protein coupled receptors
GABA acts via
Ionotropic GABA-A receptors and G-protein-coupled GABA-B receptors
What is an example of short-term change of synaptic plasticity?
Facilitation
What are examples of long-term change in synaptic plasticity?
Long term potentiation and long term depression
What is NOT a post-synaptic mechanism of synaptic plasticity?
Increased neurotransmitter in synaptic cleft
What is a mechanism of pre-synaptic synaptic plasticity?
Probability of neurotransmitter release increased
What is the mechanism - number of synapses entail for synaptic plasticity?
Synapse formation/elimination, and activation of 'silent synapses' with only NMDA receptors from the introduction of AMPA receptors
Test your knowledge on resting membrane potential, depolarization, and synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Understand the concept of refractory period and the roles of Rab proteins, SM proteins, and SNARE proteins in synaptic vesicle exocytosis.
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