Drug for anaemia

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Which form of iron preparation is required for very severe iron deficiency?

Ferrous fumarate

Polysaccharide-iron complex

Iron dextran (correct)

Ferrous gluconate

What are the causes of iron deficiency (microcytic) anemia?

Chronic blood loss

Increased demand

Inadequate dietary intake

All of the above (correct)

What is the clinical use of oral forms of iron, such as ferrous sulfate?

Treatment and prevention of iron deficiency anemia (correct)

Treatment of severe iron deficiency

Prevention of chronic blood loss

None of the above

What are the common adverse gastrointestinal (GI) side effects associated with iron consumption?

Constipation and nausea Signup and view all the answers

What is the antidote for acute iron toxicity?

Desferrioxamine Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential fatal complication of iron toxicity?

Anaphylaxis Signup and view all the answers

Which age group is most commonly affected by acute iron toxicity?

Young children Signup and view all the answers

What are the long-term complications associated with chronic iron toxicity?

Hemosiderosis and hemochromatosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of folic acid?

Calcium absorption Signup and view all the answers

Besides its involvement in DNA synthesis, folic acid is also important for which metabolic process?

Amino acid metabolism Signup and view all the answers

What can folic acid deficiency during pregnancy lead to?

Neural tube defects Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an adverse effect of folic acid?

Diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary clinical use of folic acid preparations?

Prevention of neural tube defects Signup and view all the answers

In which medical condition can folic acid be used as prophylaxis in severe chronic anemia?

Sickle cell anemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical use of Leucovorin (Folinic acid)?

Treatment and prevention of methotrexate toxicity Signup and view all the answers

Who is at risk of developing folate deficiency and may require prophylaxis?

Pregnant women Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a vitamin B12 preparation used for oral and parenteral administration?

Cyanocobalamin Signup and view all the answers

What medical condition can result from a deficiency of intrinsic factor (IF)?

Pernicious anemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of Vitamin B12 deficiency?

Malabsorption Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a clinical use of Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)?

Treatment of pernicious anemia (parenteral) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an adverse effect associated with vitamin B12 supplementation?

Rash and itching Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical use of hydroxocobalamin, a form of vitamin B12?

Treatment of cyanide poisoning Signup and view all the answers

Which factor(s) promote(s) erythropoiesis?

Both Epoietin and Darbepoietin Signup and view all the answers

What is the route of administration for Epoietin and Darbepoietin?

Intravenous or subcutaneous Signup and view all the answers

What are the clinical uses of Epoietin and Darbepoietin?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect is NOT associated with the use of Epoietin and Darbepoietin?

Allergic reactions Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk associated with increased blood viscosity caused by Epoietin and Darbepoietin?

Thrombosis Signup and view all the answers

What condition can be associated with the long-term use of erythropoietin or its recombinant forms?

Iron deficiency Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a clinical use of Sargramostim?

Enhancement of platelet aggregation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an adverse effect of Sargramostim?

Enlargement of liver and spleen Signup and view all the answers

Which cells does Sargramostim stimulate the proliferation, differentiation, and functional activity of?

Neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and macrophages Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a clinical use of Filgrastim, Pegfilgrastim, and Lenograstim?

Stimulation of granulocyte production Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of filgrastim, pegfilgrastim, or lenograstim in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT)?

Promotion of myeloid recovery Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an adverse effect of Filgrastim, Pegfilgrastim, and Lenograstim?

Fever and bone pain Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a clinical use of Oprelvekin (Recombinant human interleukin 11)?

Prevents and treats chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an adverse effect associated with Oprelvekin (Recombinant human interleukin 11)?

Allergic reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Oprelvekin (Recombinant human interleukin 11)?

Stimulates megakaryocytopoiesis and thrombopoiesis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary clinical use of Hydroxycarbamide?

Reduce the severity of sickle cell disease Signup and view all the answers

What are the adverse effects associated with hydroxycarbamide treatment?

Myelosuppression, nausea, and rashes Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are relatively selective targets of Hydroxycarbamide?

Red cell precursors that produce abnormal hemoglobin S Signup and view all the answers

In addition to hydroxycarbamide, what are some symptomatic and supportive treatments for haemolytic anaemias?

Blood transfusion to replace red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Hydroxycarbamide?

Inhibition of DNA synthesis in red cell precursors Signup and view all the answers