Drug for anaemia

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Questions and Answers

Which form of iron preparation is required for very severe iron deficiency?

  • Ferrous fumarate
  • Polysaccharide-iron complex
  • Iron dextran (correct)
  • Ferrous gluconate

What are the causes of iron deficiency (microcytic) anemia?

  • Chronic blood loss
  • Increased demand
  • Inadequate dietary intake
  • All of the above (correct)

What is the clinical use of oral forms of iron, such as ferrous sulfate?

  • Treatment and prevention of iron deficiency anemia (correct)
  • Treatment of severe iron deficiency
  • Prevention of chronic blood loss
  • None of the above

What are the common adverse gastrointestinal (GI) side effects associated with iron consumption?

<p>Constipation and nausea (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the antidote for acute iron toxicity?

<p>Desferrioxamine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential fatal complication of iron toxicity?

<p>Anaphylaxis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age group is most commonly affected by acute iron toxicity?

<p>Young children (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the long-term complications associated with chronic iron toxicity?

<p>Hemosiderosis and hemochromatosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of folic acid?

<p>Calcium absorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides its involvement in DNA synthesis, folic acid is also important for which metabolic process?

<p>Amino acid metabolism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can folic acid deficiency during pregnancy lead to?

<p>Neural tube defects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an adverse effect of folic acid?

<p>Diarrhea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary clinical use of folic acid preparations?

<p>Prevention of neural tube defects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which medical condition can folic acid be used as prophylaxis in severe chronic anemia?

<p>Sickle cell anemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical use of Leucovorin (Folinic acid)?

<p>Treatment and prevention of methotrexate toxicity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is at risk of developing folate deficiency and may require prophylaxis?

<p>Pregnant women (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a vitamin B12 preparation used for oral and parenteral administration?

<p>Cyanocobalamin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What medical condition can result from a deficiency of intrinsic factor (IF)?

<p>Pernicious anemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of Vitamin B12 deficiency?

<p>Malabsorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a clinical use of Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)?

<p>Treatment of pernicious anemia (parenteral) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an adverse effect associated with vitamin B12 supplementation?

<p>Rash and itching (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical use of hydroxocobalamin, a form of vitamin B12?

<p>Treatment of cyanide poisoning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor(s) promote(s) erythropoiesis?

<p>Both Epoietin and Darbepoietin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the route of administration for Epoietin and Darbepoietin?

<p>Intravenous or subcutaneous (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the clinical uses of Epoietin and Darbepoietin?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect is NOT associated with the use of Epoietin and Darbepoietin?

<p>Allergic reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk associated with increased blood viscosity caused by Epoietin and Darbepoietin?

<p>Thrombosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition can be associated with the long-term use of erythropoietin or its recombinant forms?

<p>Iron deficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a clinical use of Sargramostim?

<p>Enhancement of platelet aggregation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an adverse effect of Sargramostim?

<p>Enlargement of liver and spleen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells does Sargramostim stimulate the proliferation, differentiation, and functional activity of?

<p>Neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and macrophages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a clinical use of Filgrastim, Pegfilgrastim, and Lenograstim?

<p>Stimulation of granulocyte production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of filgrastim, pegfilgrastim, or lenograstim in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT)?

<p>Promotion of myeloid recovery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an adverse effect of Filgrastim, Pegfilgrastim, and Lenograstim?

<p>Fever and bone pain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a clinical use of Oprelvekin (Recombinant human interleukin 11)?

<p>Prevents and treats chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an adverse effect associated with Oprelvekin (Recombinant human interleukin 11)?

<p>Allergic reaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Oprelvekin (Recombinant human interleukin 11)?

<p>Stimulates megakaryocytopoiesis and thrombopoiesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary clinical use of Hydroxycarbamide?

<p>Reduce the severity of sickle cell disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the adverse effects associated with hydroxycarbamide treatment?

<p>Myelosuppression, nausea, and rashes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are relatively selective targets of Hydroxycarbamide?

<p>Red cell precursors that produce abnormal hemoglobin S (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In addition to hydroxycarbamide, what are some symptomatic and supportive treatments for haemolytic anaemias?

<p>Blood transfusion to replace red blood cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Hydroxycarbamide?

<p>Inhibition of DNA synthesis in red cell precursors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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