Water Resources PDF

 What can you say about the Totality of Earth’s water? “71% of the earth surface is covered with water. Only 2.5 % of its totality can be utilize as Water Resource”  WATER RESOURCES  At the end of the lesson I will be able to: ❑ Determine the total amount of water on earth ❑ Identify...

 What can you say about the Totality of Earth’s water? “71% of the earth surface is covered with water. Only 2.5 % of its totality can be utilize as Water Resource”  WATER RESOURCES  At the end of the lesson I will be able to: ❑ Determine the total amount of water on earth ❑ Identify different types of water resources on earth ❑ Explain how water is being recycle in hydrologic cycle ❑ Explain the distribution of and importance of various water resources LEARNING OBJECTIVES  EARTH’S WATER Saline Water Fresh Water Atlantic Ocean Surface Water Ground Water Ice Seas & Ocean Pacific Ocean Indian Ocean Water Resource Arctic Ocean natural source of freshwater that Southern Ocean are available for various uses, including drinking, irrigation, industrial processes, and sustaining ecosystems. The total amount of water in the planet, also known as Earth’s water budget, generally remains constant through time.  Water Resources are natural resources of water that are potentially useful for humans, for example as a source of drinking water supply or irrigation water. Different Types of Water Resources Surface Water * Glaciers * Groundwater  Surface Water Surface water is the freshwater found on the Earth's surface in places like rivers, lakes, and ponds. It's the water you can see and touch on the ground. Surface water has significant importance for both natural ecosystems and human societies: What do you think is the significance of surface water?  Groundwater Groundwater is freshwater that's hidden beneath the Earth's surface in rocks and soil. It's like a hidden reservoir of water that can be found by digging wells. What are the importance of ground water?  Groundwater What are the importance of ground water? Drinking Water Supply Agriculture Ecosystem Support Natural Springs Aquifer Storage and Recovery etc. Aquifers-water bearing rock layer Porosity- is the total amount of empty pores space in a rock What do you think will happen if groundwater deplete?  Glaciers Glaciers are giant rivers of ice that flow very slowly, like frozen rivers. They're made of compacted snow and ice and can be found in cold, mountainous regions. How do you think glacier will affect to the body of water if it continues to melt due to global warming? What processes enable the water on earth to recycle?  HYDROLOGIC CYCLE also known as water cycle it describes the movement of water around the earth’s surface and subsystems. HYDROLOGIC CYCLE Evaporation Transpiration Sublimation Condensation Precipitation Infiltration WATER DISTRIBUTION How do you feel that you have an accessible water resource? How can we contribute to the conservation of water resources? ACTIVITY TIME  A pie chart is a circular graph that shows data as slices or wedges of a circle. Each slice represents a portion or percentage of a whole, making it easy to compare and visualize different parts of a whole. Today you are going to make your own pie chart to shows data of earth’s water. Each slice represents a portion of the earth’s water.  Refer to the tabulated data below: SOURCE VOLUME IN CUBIC KILOMETERS FRESH WATER SALINE WATER Ocean, seas and Bays 0 1,338,000,000 Ice Sheets, Glaciers 24,364, 000 0 and Permafrost Ground Water 10, 530,000 12, 870,000 Surface Water 122,210 85,400 Atmosphere 12,900 0 TOTAL 35,029,110 1,350,955,400  WHAT ARE THE ISSUES IN WATER RESOURCES THAT AFFECTS ITS QUALITY AND AVAILABILITY? HUMAN ACTVITIES AFFECTING QUALITY AND AVAILABILITY OF WATER ❑ Urbanization ❑ Over-Extraction ❑ Industrial Pollution (chemical contamination) ❑ Agricultural Runoff (nutrient pollution) ❑ Deforestation (cloud water and degrade water quality)  WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT CONSERVATION ❑ Rain water harvesting for direct consumption and for replenishment of groundwater. ❑ Surface water is also diverted into basins in recharge zones to increase infiltration, reduce evaporation, and improve water quality. ❑ Dams and reservoirs are built to provide additional water storage  WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT CONSERVATION ❑ Current technological advances make the wastewater reusable after extensive treatment to remove biodegradable materials, nutrients, and pathogens. ❑ Non potable water can be used for irrigation, in industry, to maintain stream flow, and to replenish aquifers. In the Middle East, countries in coastal areas also practice desalination.  WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT CONSERVATION ❑ Inter basin transfer of water also augments the water supply in heavily stressed systems. For example, the Ipo transbasin tunnel transfers water from Angat River to La Mesa Dam, augmenting water supply required for Metro Manila.