Variant 5 Embryology PDF

1. Which factors are important for the development of the jaws Egr-1 DLX-5 x BMP-7 FGF-4 Utx-2 x DLx-6...

1. Which factors are important for the development of the jaws Egr-1 DLX-5 x BMP-7 FGF-4 Utx-2 x DLx-6 x 2. Schizencephaly means hydrocephalic brain split brain x small brain 3. The development of the secondary palate is controled by (only one) all the mentioned x BMP 2/4 TGF beta 3 Msx-1 4. The physiological herniation of the primitive intestine into the umbilical cord develops at the 6th week x due to the fast growth of other organs x at the 7th week at the 4th week due to the slow growth of other organs at the 5th week 5. Pigment in the eye is seen from (only one) the end of 1st embryonic month end of the 2nd embryonic month beginning of the 2nd embryonic month x 6. Mark only the ear development inducers: Pax-2 x thrombocyte growth factor EGF x Dlx-3 x BMP-7 IRF-1 x Msh-C and D x TGFbeta Pax-6 FGF-3 x Hox-6 x Brn-1 x 7. Which of the following about lens development are correct? the forebrain froms lens placode the head mesoderm forms lens placode the lens fibers are formed during 6th week x the 2nd pharyngeal pouche forms lens placode the lens placodes express Pax-6 gene x 8. Which nerves are only motor Abducens (VI) x Hypoglossal (XII) x Trochlear (IV) x Olfactory (I) Vestibulocochlear (VIII) Optic (II) Oculumotorius (III) x Accessorius (XI) x 9. The neuroblasts appear at the (only one) 7th week 4th week x 9th week 2nd week 10. The bile formation starts during the (only one) 2nd month 4th month x 8th month 5th month 11. Forebrain / midbrain development is influenced by: (only one) Gbx-1 Gbx-2 Otx-2 x Otx-1 12. Choose the correct statements: the parotid glands develop from endoderm the submandibular glands develop form the ectoderm the sublingual glands develop form the endoderm x the parotid glands, the submandibular glands and the sublingual glands develop from mesoderm the partid glands develop from ectoderm x the sublingual glands develop form the ectooderm the submandibular glands develop form the endooderm x 13. The first reflexes for embryo appear (only one) at the 6th embryonic week x at the 7th embryonic week at the 8th embryonic week until the 12th embryonic week 14. Pigment in the eye is seen from (only one) the end of 1st embryonic month end of the 2nd embryonic month beginning of the 2nd embryonic month x 15.Anotia is combined to the dyslpasia of eye is combined to the dyslpasia of ear x means absence of ear x means absence of eye 16. Paranasal sinuses develop until birth at the 4th embryonic month after birth x at the 12th week 17. Tertiary induction of the eye affects (only one) differentiation of the cornea x optical cap develotment induction of optical cap to the surface ectoderm lens development induction fo surrounding mesoderm and endoderm to the diencephalon lateral walls 18. 1st pharyngeal pouch fives the rise to the auditory tube x the thymus the palatine tonsil the parathyroid glands the tympanic cavity x 19. The structures that give the rise to the face are unpaired frontonasal prominence x paired frontonasal prominences paired nasomedial and nasolateral processes x unpaired maxillary and mandibular prominences unpaired nasomedial and nasolateral processes paired maxillary and mandibular prominences x 20. Of the following, the item most closely associated with the pons is (only one) mesencephalon diencephalon telencephalon myelencephalon metencephalon x 21. Pseudoglandular stage in the foetal development is characterized by Epithelia-mesenchymal interactions Appearance of some firtst primitive alveoli Dichotomic division of bronchi 25 times x Covers embryonic weeks 8 to 16 x Covers embryonic weeks 16-24 22. Embryo shows spontaneous movement starting from (only one) the 6th embryonic week the 7th embryonic week x the 8th embryonic week until the 12th embryonic week 23. Which factors are associated with the foetus ability to taste: BMP-2/4 Hoxc-13 FGF-8 Shh x Gli-1 x 24. Which factors are essential for the development of the palate Msx-1 x BMP-2/4 x Pax-6 BMP-2/4 x 25. Intestines after the physiological herniation return to the abdominal cavity during (only one) the 9th week the 11th week the 8th week the 10th week x the 12th week 1. Aplasia is: a. Placement of organ in atypical site. b. Absence of organ opening c. Undeveloped organ with still persistent primordial of its blood vessel primordial x 2. Spinal cord of foetus a. Reaches S1 in the 6th month b. Reaches L1 around the 9th month c. Reaches L3 around the 9th month x 3. Epithelial seam of palate disappears due to the a. Fusion of palate primordial b. Outmigration of epithelial cells x c. Transforming of epitheliocytes into the mesenchymal cells x d. Influence of TGFbeta x 4. Place in correct following order these events: DEFDiDe a. Desmal ossification and differentiation of myoblasts into the muscle (5) 5 b. Downgrowth of the lateral palatal primordial (1) 1 c. Elevation of palatal primordial (2) 2 d. Fusion of all primordial (3) 3 e. Disappearance of the epithelial seam (4) 4 5. Tongue papilla development is induced by a. N. facialis x b. N. trigeminalis c. N.Vagus x d. N. Glossopharyngeus x e. N. 6. Parathyroid gland develops from a. I & II Pharyngeal pouches b. III & IV pharyngeal pouches x c. V & IV pharyngeal pouches 7. The first developing zones from the embryonic adrenal gland are a. Zona glomerulosa & zona fasciculata x b. Zona c. Zona 8. The first lymphocytes that develop during embryogenesis are a. Precursor of T ly x b. Precursor of T ly & B ly c. Precursor of B ly 9. Please, put in right order the following events: a. Fusion of nasomedial and nasolateral folds (3) 3 b. Fusion of maxillary fold and nasomedial fold (1) 1 c. Fusion of maxillary and nasolateral folds (2) 2 d. Fusion of mandibular folds (4) 4 10. Name somites that transform back into the spread form after the differentiation a. Sacral x b. All cervical c. All thoracical x d. Lumbar x e. Ch? f. Th1 x 11. Put in right order the following events in retinal development a. Development of n. opticus (3) 3 b. Appearance of the internal & external neuroblast layer (2) 2 c. Appearance of pigment retina, neural retina & intraretinal space (1) 1 d. Closure of intraretinal space (4) 4 12. The first eyeball muscles during development are a. Lateral oblique b. Medial rectal x c. Common primordial of inferior rectal and oblique x d. Lateral e. Superior rectal x 13. Ear placode gives a. Bone labyrinth b. Corti organs c. Membranous labyrinth x 14. The 1st pharyngeal pouch gives: a. Tympanic membrane b. Tympanic cavity and Eustachian tube x c. Auricular 15. Place in right order the following events: a. Proliferation of epithelium into the meatus acousticus externus (3) 3 b. Development of tragus, helix and concha (1) 1 c. Recanalization of the meatus acousticus externus (4) 4 d. Development of the auricle (2) 2 e. Final forming of meatus acousticus externus (5) 5 16. Auricular structures are: a. Patchy closed meatus acousticus externus b. Ectodermal hyperplasia c. Ear of small size (? Makes no sense because part of the Q. might be missing ?) d. I think they want: i. Tragus x ii. Helix x iii. Concha x 17. Membrane pupillaris is a. Remnant of anterior wall of anterior eye chamber b. Remnant of posterior wall of anterior eye chamber x c. Remnant of conjunctival sac 18. Secondary palate develops: a. As palatal processes at the maxillary fold x b. From intermaxillary segment giving the primary palate c. From lateral nasal fold 21. Nails during the embryogenesis cover the fingertips a. Until the birth b. For upper limbs until the week 36, for lower limbs week 32 c. For upper limbs until week 32, for lower limbs until week 36 x 24.Mimic muscles develop from a.The 1st branchial arch b.The 2nd branchial arch x c.The 3rd branchial arch d.The 4th branchial arch 25. Alveolar stage in lung development goes until a. 2nd postnatal year b. 7th postnatal year x c. 10th postnatal year 27. During cerebellar development a. Primary neuroblasts appear into the 4th embryonic month x b. Primary neuroblasts develop into the 3rd embryonic month c. Internal and external granular layer appear into the 4th embryonic month d. Internal and external granular layer appear into the 3rd embryonic monthx 28. Midgut gives rise for a. Upper duodenum b. Pharynx and derivates of bronchial pouches c. Thoracic part of oesophagus d. Jejunum x e. Ileum x f. Left third part of colon transversum g. Abdominal part of oesophagus h. Stomach i. Caecum x j. Appendix vermiformis x k. Lower duodenum x l. Ascending colon x m. Colon descendens B. Pharynx and derivates of bronchial pouches x o. Colon sigmoideum p. Rectum 29. Main accessory duct of pancreas develops from a. Ventral primordium a. Dorsal primordium x 31. Definitive oral cavity develops into a. 1st month of embryogenesis b. 2nd month of embryogenesis x c. 3rd month of embryogenesi 32. White-matter develops from a. Ventricular zone b. Mantle zone c. Marginal zone x 33. Groups are responding pairs a. Rhombencephalon => 4th ventricle b. Mesencephalon > Aqueduct - c. Diencephalon > 3rd ventricle - d. Telencephalon > paired lateral ventricles - 34. Mark only the motoric nerves a. N.olfactorius b. N.opticus c. N.oculomotorius x d. N. trochlearis x e. N. tigeminalis f. N. abducens x g. N. facialis h. N. vestibulocochlearis i. N. vagus j. N. accesorius x k. N. hypoglossus x 35. Neurotrophic factors are a. Epidermal growth factor b. Laminin c. Nerve growth factor x d. Basic and acidic fibroblast growth factor e. Brain growth factor x f. Insulin related factor g. Fibronectin h. Apolipoprotein E x i. Collagen j. S 100b x k. Insulin l. Heparinsulfated glycosaminoglycan m. Androgens n Purpurin x 36. Tongue develops from a. 1st branchial arch x b. 2nd branchial arch x c. 3rd branchial arch x d. 4th branchial arch x e. 5th branchial arch 37. “kiss of cupid” is a. Non-fused maxillary primordial b. Non-fused mandibular primordial x c. Type of facial cleft 38. Branchial grooves are a. Groups that separate the branchial arches externally x b. Place where branchial arch ectoderm contacts to the pharyngeal endoderm c. Part of the branchial gut that consists of cartilage, nerve, blood vessel d. Structures in branchial gut between the branchial arches 39. Name the tongue papillae without taste buds a. Folliatae b. Fungiform c. Wallate d. Filiform x 41. Nephron development is induced by a. Expression of BMP 2/4 b. Expression of FGFs x c. Expression of GDNF x d. Wnt e. LIF x 42. TGFbeta functions are a. Inducing of mesoderm development x b. Inducing of development of induced stem cells c. Inducing of ectodermal development x d. Inducing of endoderm development x 43. increased levels of alpha fetoprotein means: a. fetal liver problems b. body wall problems c. neural tube problems x 44. The first skin derivates … are a. Sweat and sebaceous glands b. Sweat glands and hair follicles x c. Sebaceous glands and hair follicles 45. Parotid gland develops from a. From the ectoderm x b. From the endoderm c. From the mesoderm 46. Neuropore rostralis a. Closes at day 24 x b. Closes at day 26 c. Closes at day 22 47. Meckel’s diverticle develops from a. Remnant of allantois b. Remnant of yolk sac c. Remnant of ductus vitellinus x 52. Sebaceous glands are a. Epidermal bulb that grows into the dermis x b. Hair epithelial vagina c. Excretory duct cells of sweat glands 53. Ventro medial neural crest migration gives out a. Sympathetiv ganglion x b. Enteric ganglion x c. Medulla of adrenal gland x 54. Ventro lateral neural crest migration gives out a. Spinal ganglion x b. PNS ganglia x c. Sympathetic ganglia x 55. Dorso lateral neural cresti migration gives out a. Melanocytes x 56. First hair is where? a. Vestibulum nasi x b. Eyebrows x 57. Superficial and deep skin vascular network develop: a. Between month 2-5 x 58. Hair growth a. FGF-5 x b. Shh x The bronchopulmonary dysplasia represents a) Not open alveoli x b) Not complete differentiation of bronchi c) Not complete surfactant development x d) Expanded wall of bronchi e) Lack of recanalization The external granular layer of cerebellum differentiates into the a) Subcortical nuclei b) Purkinje cells c) Granular cells x d) Stellate cells x e) Corbiform cells x f) Golgi cells The basal plate of spinal cord transfers into the a) Glial cells b) Motorneurons x c) Interneurons x Gray matter develops drom the a) Mantle zone of neural tube x b) Ventricular zone of neural tube c) Mantle zone of neural tube Spina bifida occulta is a) Incomplete arch of one or more vertebra and opened spinal cord b) Incomplete arch of one or more vertebra covered by hairy skin spinal cordx c) Not closed neuroporus rostralis d) Not closed neuroporus caudalis Mark only the "clean" sensory nerves a) n. olfactorius x b) n. opticus x c) n. vestibulocochlearis x The liver a) arises from endodermal epithelium x Which of the following about development of he pancreas are true? a) pancreas develops from ventral, dorsal and medial primordiums b) pancreas develops from local splanchnic mesoderm c) pancreas arises from endoderm x d) the 1st primordium of pancreas appears on day 16 e) the 1st primordium of pancreas appears on day 20 f) the 1st primordium of pancreas appears on day 26 x The lower duodenum receives blood from a) superior mesenteric artery only x b) inferior mesenteric artery only c) celiac artery only d) celiac and inferior mesenteric artery e) celiac and superior mesenteric artery Which of the following about development of intestines are correct? a) the rotation of intestinal loop is counterclokwise and it amounts to approximately x 900 270 degrees when it is co b) the intestinal loop rotates only 90 degrees in a clockwise direction around the longitudinal axis c) the rotation of intestinal loop is clockwise and it amounts to approximately 270 degrees when it is complete d) the rotation of intestinal loop is counterclockwise and it amounts to approximately 180 degrees when it is co e) rotation occurs during herniation (about 45 degrees), as well as during return of intestinal loops into the inte The development of the secondary palate is controlled by a) Msx-1 b) BMP 2/4 c) TGF beta 3 d) all of the above mentioned x The typical pharyngeal / branchial arch contains all the following EXCEPT a) nerve b) artery c) vein x d) somitomeres x e) cartilage f) bone x g) muscle blastema Which two ear bones are formed together (first arch)? a) malleus & incus x b) malleus & stapes c) incus & stapes d) incus & styloid process e) styloid process & malleus The tensor tympani muscle derives from a) first pharyngeal/branchial arch x b) second pharyngeal/branchial arch c) third pharyngeal/branchial arch d) fourth pharyngeal/branchial arch e) sixth pharyngeal/branchial arch Which pharyngeal/branchial arch is associated with the common carotid artery? a) first b) second c) third x Of the following, the pharyngeal/branchial arch associated with the facial nerve is? a) first b) second x c) third Which of the following about development of tongue are correct? a) the musculature of the tongue derives from the cranial somites x b) the musculature of the tongue derives from the myoblasts of the 2nd branchial arch c) the body of the tongue develops from the 3 lingual swellings x d) the body of the tongue develops from the 4 lingual swellings e) the root of the rongue derives from 2nd, 3rd and 4th branchial arches x The papillae of the tongue appear from day a) 50 x The thyroid gland derives from a) the mesenchyme proliferation between the 1st and 2nd branchial arches b) the mesenchyme proliferation between the 2nd and 3rd branchial arches c) the epithelial proliferation between the 1st and 2nd pharyngeal pouches x Which of the following about the development of the thymus are NOT correct? a) the thymus primordia derive from the mesenchyme of the 3 branchial arches x b) the thymus primordia consist of the ectodermal epithelium x c) the thymus primordia derive only from neural crest x d) the thymus primordia derive from the endoderm e) the thymus primordia become infiltrated by neural crest Of the following, the one most closely associated with the glossopharyngeal nerve is a) third pharyngeal / branchial arch x Hyperdontia a) increased number of the teeth x Cleft lip and palate a) 1st most frequent malformation in the world b) 2nd most frequent malformation in the world x c) cleft lip result from lack of fusion between maxillary and nasomedial processes x The development of the larynx, trachea and lungs being in a) the 4th week x the 6th week the 8th week the 10th week During the development og the respiratory stystem the endoderm fives the rise to: the epithelium of the lower respiratory system x the cartilage smooth muscles connective tissue the glands of the lower respiratory system x The regional specification of the respiratory tract in early embryogenesis happens due to the expression of Hoxa-3 to Hoxa-5 x FGF-10 Hoxb-3 to Hoxb.6 x BMP-4 The development of the bronchial tree including terminal bronchioles takes place in the embryonic stage the pseudoglandular stage x the canalicular stage the saccular stage the alveolar stage The development of hte terminal alveolar sac and the synthesis of surfactant take place in the saccular stage x larynx develops from: the branchial arches 1 and 2 the branchial arches 3 and 6 the branchial arches 4 and 6 x the endoderm the splanchnic mesenchyme x Hindgut mainly receives the blood supply from celiac artery inferior mesenteric artery x superior mesenteric artery aorta The taste formation start during the 2nd month x 4th month 5th month 8th month the physological herniation of the primitive intestine into the umbilical cord develops at the 4th week at the 5th week at the 6th week x at the 7th week due to the slow growth of the other organs due to the fast growth of other organs x The rotations of the intestine end in the 8th week the 9th week the 10th week the 11th week x the 12th week The derivates of the hingut are the jejunum the ileum the descending colon x the sigmoid colon x the rectum x the cecum Gastroschisis is a large absense of the anterior body wall compined with unrinary and genital system anomalities x a very enlarged lower colon in comparison to a normal state du to the lack of ganglionic cells in nerve plexuses extopically located abdominal organs due to an unclosed umbo a fistula or the opening between to organs an abnormal rotation or fixation of midgut Megacolon congenitum is a large absense of the anterior body wall compined with unrinary and genital system anomalities a very enlarged lower colon in comparison to a normal state due to the lack of ganglionic cells in nerve plexuses x extopically located abdominal organs due to an unclosed umbo a fistula or the opening between to organs an abnormal rotation or fixation of midgut The myelination starts at the 4th embrionic month x The marginal zone in the neural tube gives rise to ependyma grey matter white matter x pia mater The nosolacrimal duct develops between the medial nasal prominence the lateral nasal prominences the maxillary and lateral nasal prominences x the maxillary and medial nasal prominences the maxillary and mandibular prominences the neurodifferentiation is affected by collagen x neuronection firbronectin x insulin x brain growth factor x andogens x all of the above Which of the following about development of retina are correct the intraretinal space is closed a the 5th week the intraretinal space is closed at the 12th week rods and cones develop from the inmigrated neural crest cells rods and cones develop form the neroblasts x the acons of multipolar ganglionic cells of the retina form optic nerve x pigment epithelium develops from the optic cup surrounding mesoderm x Which of the following about eye development are correct the conjuncitve sac is the space between the eyeball and the eyelids x the eyelids adhere and remain closed until the end of the 7th month x the eyelids adhere and remain closed until the birth lens develops from the forebrain rods and cones develop from the head mesoderm corneal stroma derives from the neural crest during the 8th embryonic month all layers of retina are formed x Which of the following about ear development are correct? a) the membranous labyrinth develops from the otic placode x b) the intramembranous ossification is characteristic for the development of bony labyrinth c) the endochondral ossificaiton is characteristic for the development of bony labyrinth x d) the middle ear develops form the 1st pharyngeal groove e) the middle ear develops form the 1st pharyngeal pouch x f) the middle ear develops form the 2nd pharyngeal groove g) the middle ear develops form the 2nd pharyngeal pouch The pseudoglandular stage of the lung development a) weeks 4-6 b) weeks 8-16 x c) weeks 17-26 d) weeks 26-29 Which of the following are true? a) the midgut anteriorly communicaties with the york sac x b) the forgut anteriorly communicaties with the york sac c) the stomach becomes visible in the 4th week x d) the stomach becomes visible in the 6th week e) the epithelium of primitive gut proliferates at the 4th week and closes the lumen f) the epithelium of primitive gut proliferates at the 6th week and closes the lumen x g) the recanalization of the gut starts during 14th week The laryngotracheal tube gives a) bronchial smooth muscle cells b) bronchial cartilage c) bronchial epithelium x d) bronchial glands x e) connective tissue of the lung Which pharyngeal/branchia arch is associated with the stylohyoid muscle second Which of the following about development of respiratory system are NOT correct a) synthesis and secretion of surfactant starts in the alveolar stage of lung development x b) the respiratory diverticulum develops from splanchnic mesenchyme x c) the respiratroy diverticulum develops from endoderm d) epithelial cells proliferate and temporarily occlude the lumen of larynx during development e) bronchial tree develops during canalicular stage of lung development x  ! fel f) the larynx muscles develop from myoblasts of the branchial archesY1 and 2 14 x g) the larynx muscles develop from myoblasts of the branchial arches 4 and 6 The primitive gut develops from a) ectoderm b) intermeidate mesoderm c) splanchnic mesoderm d) lateral mesoderm e) neural crest f) endoderm x Which of the following about development of oesophagus are correct? a) oesophagus develops from ectoderm b) only epithelium of oesophagus develops from ectoderm c) oesophageal glands develop from endoderm x d) lumen of oesophagus becomes partly occluded during 2nd month x e) lumen of oesophagues becomes partly occluded during the 8th month Which of the following froms the neural retina? a) intraretinal space b) optic fissure c) hyaloid artery d) the outer layer of optic cup e) the inner layer of optic cup x Of the following the one most closely associated with the lesser omentum is: a) ventral mesogastrium and ventral mesoduodenum x b) dorsal mesogastrium c) dorsal mesoduodenum d) dorsal mesocolon e) the cloaca Secondary induction of the eye development enrols: a) induction of optical cap to the surface extoderm b) induction of surrounding mesoderm and endoderm to the diencephalon lateral walls c) lens developemnt x d) optical cap development e) differentiation of the cornea Eye optical vesicle in the 5th embryonic week consists of a) neural and pigment retina with the intraretinal space x b) neural pigment retina in the differentiation stage and intraretinal space c) all above mentioned plus the differentiating optical nerve Neural retina differentiation a) starts with the external neuroblast layer x b) start from the internal neuroblast layer x c) continous until 8th foetal month x d) continues until 9th foetal month Microtia a) means absence of eye b) means absence of the ear c) is combined to dysplasia of ear x d) is combined to the dysplasia of eye e) means small eye x f) means small ear Meatus acusticus externus a) obliterates until the 26th foetal week b) obliterates until the 36th foetal week c) recanalizes within ghte 26th foetal week x d) recanalizes within the 36th foetal week e) finalizes the formation until the 10th postnatal year x f) finalizes the formation until 7th postnatal year FGF-3 induces a) development of hair cells b) development of ear placode x (otic) c) development of cochlea and ganglion spirale d) development of sensory epithelium e) whole inner ear Which factors influence the 1st branchial arch cartilage OTX-2 x Hoxa-2 Dlx x Msx x 2nd Branchial arch forms a) the muscles of mastication b) the anterior belly of the digastric muscle c) the posterior belly of the digastric muscle x d) the facial (mimic) muscles x e) the stylohyoid muscle x f) the mylohyoid muscle The trigeminal nerve is a) 1st brachial nerve The glossopharyngeal nerve is 3rd brachial nerve 3rd & 4th pharyngeal pouch give rise to a) the palatine tonsil b) the parathyroid glands x c) the auditory tube d) the thymus x e) the tympanic cavity Cyclopia is a) condition where parts of the eye are missing b) a condition where both anlages of the eye are fused in the early developmental stage x c) a decreased size of the eye bulb d) a complete absence ot the eye x The external ear is formed by a) neuroextoderm b) surface ectoderm x c) somatopleura x d) head endoderm e) head mesoderm Final relations between all ossicles in the middle ear establish until a) 36th embryonic week b) shortly after birth c) the end of 2nd postnatal month d) the end of 2nd postnatal year x Choose the correct statements - vomeronasal organ a) degenerate and develop into cysts x b) persist unitl puberty c) enlarge with age d) cells migrate to the hypothalamus and luteinizing hormone-releaseing hormones producing cells x e) cells migrate to the hypothalamus and luteinizing hormone producing cells Forebrain/midbrain development is influenced by Otx-1 Otx-2 x Gbx-1 Gbx-2 Thyroid gland development a) Connects in the pharyngeal pouches x b) connects in the branchial grooves c) connects in the floor of pharyngeal cavity d) connects in the foramen cecum x e) connects in the foramen incicisum f) produces triodythyronine at the 4th foetal month x g) Produces the hormone only after the birth Thymus during the development a) descends until the 3rd tracheal cartilage level b) until the mediastinum x c) produces thymus colonizing factors at the 14-15 embryonic week d) Produces Thymus colonizing factors at the 9-10 embryonic week x The ventral part of the brain vesicles up to prosencephalon develops under the influence of a) Wnt-1 b) Wnt-3 c) Wnt-5 d) Shh x e) FGF-8 Chose the correct statements - the 1st rotation of stomach a) takes place 90 degrees in a clockwise direction around the longitudinal axis x b) takes place 90 degrees in a conterclockwise direction around the longitudinal axis c) due to the rotation the left side faces posteriorly and the right side anteriorly d) due to the rotation the the left side faces anteriorly and the right side posteriorly x e) due to the rotation the right vagal nerve lies on the anterior wall and the left one on the posterior wall of the stomach x f) due to the rotation the right vagal nerve lies on the posterior wall and the left one on the anterior wall of the stomach g) due to rotation duodenum becomes S shaped h) due to the rotation duodenum becomes C shaped x 1. Grey matter develops from: à Mantle zone oft the neural tube 2. External granular layer of cerebellum differentiates into the: à granular cells, à corbiform cells à stellate cells. 3. The basal plate of spinal cord transfers into the: à motor neurons à Interneurons (4 types) 4. Mark only the “clean” sensory nerves: à N. olfactorius à N. opticus à N. Vestibulochochlearis 5. Spina Bifida occulta is: à incomplete arch of one or more vertebrae and opened spinal cord are covered by usually hairy skin, while in case of spina à Not closes neuroporus rostrales 6. Which of the following about development of the pancreas are true? à the 1st primordium of pancreas appears on day 26 à Pancreas arises from endoderm 7. The lower duodenum receives blood from: à Superior mesenteric artery 8. Which of the following of the development of the intestines are correct? à the rotation of the intestinal loop is counterclockwise, and it amounts to approx. 270 degrees when it is complete à The intestinal loop only rotates only 90 degrees in a clockwise direction around the longitudinal axis 9. Development of secondary palate is controlled by: à Msx-1 à BMP 2/4 à TGFß3 10. The typical pharyngeal/ branchial arch contains all of the following EXCEPT: à Vein à Somitomeres à Bones 11. The typical pharyngeal/ branchial arch contains all of the following: à nerves à Muscles à Cartilage à Arteries 12. Which two ear bones are formed together (first arch)? à malleus & incus 13. The tensor tympani muscle derivates from: à first pharyngeal/branchial arch 14. Which pharyngeal/ branchial arch is associated with the common carotid artery à third 15. Which of the following, about development of the thymus ate NOT correct? à the thymus primordia consist of the ectodermal epithelium à Thymus primordia derivates ONLY from Neural crest 16. Of the following, the one most closely associated with the glossopharyngeal nerve is: à the 3rd pharyngeal/ branchial arch 17. The thyroid gland derivates from: à the epithelial proliferation between the 1st and 2nd pharyngeal pouches 18. The papillae of the tongue appear from day: à from day 50 19. Which of the following about development of tongue are correct: à The body of the tongue develops from 3 lingual swellings à The root of the tongue derives from the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th branchial arches à The musculature of the tongue derives from the cranial somites 20. Hindgut mainly receives the blood supply: à inferior mesenteric artery 21. Larynx develops from à branchial arches 4 & 6 à Splanchnic mesenchyme 22. The development of the terminal alveolar sac and the synthesis of surfactant takes place in: à Saccular stage 23. Development of the bronchial tree, including terminal bronchioles takes place in: à Pseudoglandular stage 24. The regional specification of the respiratory tract in early embryogenesis happens due to the expression of:  à Hoxa – 3 to Hoxa – 5 à Hoca – 3 to Hoxa – 6 25. During the development of respiratory system the endoderm gives rise to: à epithelium and glands of the lower respiratory system 26. The development of the trachea, the larynx begins in: à 4th week 27. Cleft lip and palate: à 2" most frequent malformations in the world. à Cleft lip results from lack of fusion of maxillary and nasomedial processes 28. Hyperdontia: à increase of number of teeth 29. The marginal zone in the neural tube gives rise to: à white matter 30. The myelination starts at: à at the 4th embryonic month 31. Megacolon congenitum is: à A very enlarged colon in comparison to the normal state due to the lack of ganglionic cells in the nerve plexuses 32. Gastroschisis is: à a large absents of anterior body wall combined with urinary and genital system anomalies 33. The derivates of the hindgut are: à The descending colon à the sigmoid colon à The rectum 34. The rotation of the intestines ends in: à 11th week 35. The physiological herniation of the primitive intestine into the umbilical cord develops: à at the 6th week à due to the fast growth of other organs 36. The tube formation starts: à during 4th month 37. The laryngotracheal tube gives: à bronchial smooth muscle cells à Bronchial cartilage 38. Which of the following are true: à the midgut anteriorly communicates with yolk sac  à the stomach becomes visible in the 4th week à The epithelium of primitive gut proliferates at the 6th week and closes the lumen 39. The pseudoglandular stage of lung development: à 8 – 16 40. Which of the following about ear development are true: à the membranous labyrinth develops from the otic placode à the endothelial ossification is characteristic for the development of bony labyrinth à the middle ear develops from the 1st pharyngeal pouch 41. Which of the following about eye development are correct: à during the 8th embryonic month all layers of retina are formed à the eyelids adhere and remain closed until the end of the 7th month àthe conjunctive sac is the space between the eyeball and the eyelids 42. Which of the following about the development of the retina are correct: à Rods and cones develop from the neuroblasts à the axons of multipolar ganglionic cells of the retina forms optic nerve à pigment epithelium develops from the optic cup surrounding mesoderm 43. The neuro differentiation is affected by: à collagen à insulin à fibronectin à brain growth factor à androgens 44. Nasolacrimal duct develops between: à maxillary and lateral nasal prominences 45. Which pharyngeal/ branchial arch is associated with the stylohyoid muscle? à 2nd 46. Which of the following about development are NOT correct: à synthesis and secretion of surfactant starts in the alveolar stage of development à the respiratory divert iculum develops from splanchnic mesenchyme à Bronchial tree develops during canalicular stage of lung development à The larynx muscles develop from myoblasts of the branchial arches 1and 2 47. The primitive gut develops from: à endoderm 48. Which of the following about development of esophagus are correct: à esophageal glands develop from endoderm à lumen of oesophagus becomes partly occluded during the second month 49. Which of the following form the neural retina: à Inner layer of optic cup 50. Of the following the one most closely associated with lesser omentum à are ventral mesogastreum und ventral mesoduodenum 51. The hindgut gives rise to the: à ascending colon à Descending colon à Sigmoid colon à Rectum 52. Secondary induction for the eye development enrolls: à lens development 53. Eye optical vesicle in the 5th embryonic week consist of: à neural and pigment retina with the intra retinal space 54. Neural retina differentiation: à Starts with the external neuroblasts layer à starts from the internal neuroblast layer à Continues until the 8th foetal month 55. FGF-3 induces: à development of ear placode 56. Microtia: à is combined to the dysplasia of ear à means small ear 57. Meatus acusticus externus à recanalizes within the 26 foetal week à inalizes the formation the 10th postnatal year 58. Choose the correct order – as these structures appear during the development of the tongue: 1. Vallate 2. Fungiform 3. Foliate 4. Taste buds 5. Filiform 59. The 3rd and 4th pharyngeal pouch give rise to: à parotoid glands à Thymus 60. The glossopharyngeal nerve is: à the 3rd branchial nerve 61. The trigeminal nerve is: à the 1st branchial neve 62. The 2nd branchial arch forms: à the posterior belly of the digastric muscle  à the facial (mimic) muscles à The stylohyoid muscles 63. The external ear is formed by: à The surface ectoderm à Somatopleura 64. Cyclopia is: à a condition where both angles of the eye are fused in the early developmental stage 65. Final relations between all ossicles in the middle ear are established until à The end of the 2nd postnatal year 66. Choose the correct statements: Vomeronasal _____ à Degenerate and develop into cysts à Cells degrade to the hypothalamus and …. luteinizing hormone releasing hormone 67. The development of cortical layers in hemispheres: à is a complex process à Migration of cells follows the principle “from the deepest layer superficially” 68. The cerebral hemispheres appear on: à The 32nd Day 69. The thalamus and hypothalamus are associated with: à Diencephalon 70. Which nerves are only sensory: à Olfactory (1) à Optic (2) à Vestibulocochlear (8) 71. The medulla oblongata is formed by: à Myelencephalon 72. The dorsal part of brain vesicles up to prosencephalon develops under the influence of: à Wnt-1 73. Primary brain vesicles differentiate into secondary brain vesicles in: à 5th week 74. Forebrain/ midbrain development is influenced by: à OTX- 2 75. Rachischisis: à an opened spinal cord 76. Spontaneous movements of the embryo start approx. from: à 7th Embryonic Week 77. Apolipoprotein during the development of neural system: à provides regeneration of membranes 78. The first rotation of midgut loop: à are counterclockwise 90 degrees à gives jejunoileal loop 79. The hemopoietic cells immigrate into the liver: à From septum transversum à the 4th embryonic week 80. Small intestine receives induction: à HOX 9 to 10 à Shh 81. Tongue develops: à from the 1st / 2nd / 3rd / 4th Branchial Arch 82. Thymus during the development: à until the mediastinum à produces thymus colonizing factors at the 9th to 10th embryonic week 83. Thyroid Gland development: à produces triiodothyronine at the 4th foetal month à connects to the foramen caecum à connects to the pharyngeal pouches 84. The first branchial arch: à is also called mandibular arch à contains mechel’s cartilage in it’s mandibular prominence à forms incus und malleus 85. Which factors influence 2nd branchial arch cartilage: à Hoxa – 2 86. The branchial arch forms: à muscles of mastication à anterior belly of the digastric muscle à the mylohyoid muscle 87. The facial nerve is: à The 2nd branchial nerve 88. The 1st pharyngeal pouch give rise to: à the auditory tube à the tympanic cavity 89. Which factors are associated with the foetus ability to tase: à Shh à Gli-1 90. The structures that gives rise to the face are: à unpaired frontonasal prominence à paired nasomedial and nasolateral processes à Paired maxillary and mandibular prominences 91. Choose the correct statements: à The lower jaw contains mesenchymal cells from midbrain à The lower jaw contains mesenchymal cells from hindbrain 92. Choose the correct order – as these stages happen during the formation of the palate: 1. Growth of the palatal processes downwards 2. Elevation of the palatal processes 3. Palatal fusion 4. Removal of the epithelial seam 93. Which factors are essential for the development of the palate? à Msx-1 à BMP - 2/4 à TGFß3 94. The “Zipper-type” fusion is characteristic for: à Palatal processes 95. A master gene for the eye development is: à PAX-6 96. The sources for the eye development are: à the neuroectoderm à the surface ectoderm à the head mesoderm 97. The definitive pigmentation of the eye develops: à between 6th to 10th postnatal month 98. Choose the correct statements – the cochlear: à develops under the influence of PAX-2 à undergoes revolution between weeks 8 to 10 à Total two and a half turns are completed until the 25th week à Neurocrest cells establish the vestibucochlear ganglion 99. Factors that are important of the development of the ear are: à Dlx-3 , à Insulin releated factor – 1, à Msh- C , à Msh- 1, à HOX- 6, à EGF, à TGF 100. Choose the correct statements – vomeronasal organs à seen as the 6th to 7th week in each side of the nasal septum à around 6 to 8 mm of size à are thought to be responsible of the olfaction of the food à are thought to be responsible of the sexual olfactory stimuli 101. Choose the correct statements: à the parotid glands develop from the ectoderm à The submandibular glands develop from the endoderm à The sublingual glands develop from the endoderm 102. The neuroblasts undergo mitotic division until: à the end of 2nd postnatal year 103. Factors that are important for the development of the spinal cord are: à PAX-3 / PAX- 7 à MSX 1 / MSX 2 à BMP – 4/7 à Netrins- 1 104. The mental stone in the neural tube gives the rise to: à grey matter 105. Hindbrain development is influenced by: à GBS-2 106. The nuclei in the brainstem that will give rise to cranial nerves are visible on: à 28th days 107. The pons and cerebellum are formed by: à Metencephalon 108. Which nerves are only MOTOR? à Trochlear (4) à Abducens (6) à Hypoglossal (12) 109. The surface of cerebral hemisphere remains the same as later in adult hood starting from à the end of the 8th embryonic month 110. The more dominating part of telencephalon is: à Neocortex 111. Brain growth factor during the development of nervous system: à prevents cell death 112. Which factors are important for the development of the jaws: à UTX-2  à DLX-5 & 6 113. Paranasal sinuses develop: à after birth 114. Hypodontia is: à decrease in the number of teeth 115. During the development of the respiratory system the splanchnic mesenchyme gives rise to: à the cartilage à smooth muscle à Conective tissue 116. The first cartilaginous plates and smooth muscle in a trachea can be observed during: à 2nd month 117. Which factors are important for the branching processes during the development of the respiratory system à FGF-10 à BMP - 4 118. The development of Respiratory bronchioles and differentiation of alveolar-cytes type 1 and type 2 take place in: à the canalicular stage 119. At which stages of lung development, if born, can foetus survive: à The canalicular stage à The saccular stage à the alveolar stage 120. Foregut mainly receives the blood supply from: à celiac artery 121. The characteristic stratified squamous epithelium in esophagus can be observed: à At the 4th month 122. Choose the correct statements – the 1st rotation of stomach: à Takes place 90 degrees in a clockwise direction around the longitudinal axis à due to the rotation the left side faces anteriorly and the right side posteriorly à due to the rotation the right vagal nerve lies on the anterior wall and the left one on the posterior wall of the stomach à due to the rotation duodenum becomes C-shaped 123. The liver arises on day à day 22 124. Midgut derivated are: à Lower duodenum  à jejunum à Ilium à Caecum à Appendix vermiformis 125. Intestines after the physiological herniation will turn to the abdominal cavity during: à The 10th week 126. Important factors for the development of enteric ganglia of the gut are: à PAX -3 à SOX – 10 à LGDNF 127. OMPHALOCELE: à Are large absence of anterior body wall combined with urinary and genital system abnormalies à Ectopically located abdominal organs due to an unclose Umbo à A fistula or the opening between two organgs 128. Pseudoglandular stage in foetal development is characteriuzed by: à Covers embryonic week 8 to 16 à Dichotomic division of bronchi 25 times à Epithelial- mesenchymal interactions  EMBRO&'VARIANT'1' !(Index:!!Not'correct,'correct'answer,'missing'information'or'“definitions”'form'green'book)! 1. Aplasia!is:! a. Placement!of!organ!in!atypical!site.! b. Absence!of!organ!opening! c. Undeveloped'organ'with'still'persistent'primordial'of'its'blood'vessel'primordial' ! 2. Blastopathia!develops!in!case!if!teratogens!influence!appears:! a. From!the!9th!week!until!birth! b. From!the!day!16!until!the!end!of!8th!week! c. Within'first'15'days' ! 3. Spinal!cord!of!foetus! a. Reaches!S1!in!the!6th!month! b. Reaches!L1!around!the!9th!month! c. Reaches'L3'around'the'9th'month' ! 4. Epithelial!seam!of!palate!disappears!due!to!the! a. Fusion!of!palate!primordial! b. Outmigration'of'epithelial'cells' c. Transforming'of'epitheliocytes'into'the'mesenchymal'cells' d. Influence'of'TGFbeta' ! 5. Place!in!correct!following!order!these!events:! a. 5!Desmal!ossification!and!differentiation!of!myoblasts!into!the!muscle! b. 1!Downgrowth!of!the!lateral!palatal!primordial! c. 2!Elevation!of!palatal!primordial! d. 3!Fusion!of!all!primordial! e. 4!Disappearance!of!the!epithelial!seam! ! 6. Gonocytes!are! a. Round,!already!differentiated!cells! b. Oval,!undifferentiated!cells! c. Rich'by'alkaline'phosphatase'and'glycogen' d. Scarce!with!alkaline!phosphatase!and!glycogen! e. Demonstrate'ameboid&like'movement' f. Demonstrate!undulation! ! 7. Spermiogenesis!is!the!same!as! a. Spermatogenesis! b. Spermiohistogenesis' c. Gametogenesis! ! !  ! ! ! 8. The!strongest!inducers!of!intrauterine!growth!are! a. IGF! b. ICF.RI! c. Insulin' d. HGF' e. TGFbeta' f. BMP!2/4! g. Ephrins' ! 9. Male!infertility!is!suggested!to!show!following!number!of!spermatozoa!in!1!ml!of!sperm:! a. 100!millions! b. 30'millions' c. 70!millions! d. 100!000!millions! ! 10. Dermis!and!subcutis!developing!structures!are:! a. In!dorsal!part!of!trunk!from!the!…!of!somites,!in!lateral!trunk!part!–!from!the! intermediate!mesoderm.! b. In'dorsal'part'of'trunk'from'the'dermatome+somites,'in'lateral'/ventralpart'of' trunk'–'from'the'lateral'mesoderm.' c. In!dorsal!part!of!trunk!from!the!lateral!mesoderm,!in!lateral!part!of!trunk!–!from!the! dermatomes! ! 11. The!first!skin!derivates!…!are! a. Sweat!and!sebaceous!glands! b. Sweat'glands'and'hair'follicles' c. Sebaceous!glands!and!hair!follicles! ! 12. Tongue!papilla!development!is!induced!by! a. N.'facialis' b. N.!trigeminalis! c. N.Vagus! d. N.'Glossopharyngeus' e. N.! ! 13. Parathyroid!gland!develops!from! a. I!&!II!Pharyngeal!pouches! b. III'&'IV'pharyngeal'pouches' c. V!&!IV!pharyngeal!pouches! ! 14. The!first!developing!zones!from!the!embryonic!adrenal!gland!are! a. Zona'glomerulosa'&'zona'fasciculata'  b. Zona! c. Zona! ! 15. The!first!lymphocytes!that!develop!during!embryogenesis!are! a. Precursor!of!T!ly! b. Precursor'of'T'ly'&'B'ly' c. Precursor!of!B!ly! ! 16. Gastrulation! a. Starts'at'day'15' b. At!day!21! c. In!dev.!of!bilaminar!embryo! d. In'dev.'of'ectoderm,'endoderm'&'mesoderm' ! 17. Primitive!streak…! a. From!the!ectoderm! b. From!the!endoderm! c. From'the'caudal'pole'of'germ'disk' d. From!the!cranial!pole!of!germ!disk! e. From!the!hypoblast! f. From'the'epiblast' ! 18. Parotid!gland!develops!from! a. From'the'ectoderm' b. From!the!endoderm! c. From!the!mesoderm! ! 19. The!induced!stem!cells!are! a. Those'differentiated'cells'which'transfer'into'the'undifferentiated'ones' b. Those!undifferentiated!cells!which!transfer!into!the!differentiated!cells! c. All!embryonic!cells! d. All!conceptus!cells! !'Induced'stem'cells'are'developed'from'the'already'differentiated'somatic'cells'under'the' influence'of'various'inducers'!' 20. Please,!put!in!right!order!the!following!events:! a. 3!Fusion!of!nasomedial!and!nasolateral!folds! b. 1'Fusion!of!maxillary!fold!and!nasomedial!fold! c. 2!Fusion!of!maxillary!and!nasolateral!folds! d. 4!Fusion!of!mandibular!folds! ! ! ! ! !  ! ! ! ! ! 21. Hypomere!!gives! a. Flexors' b. Cervical,!thoracic!and!abdominal!skeletal!striated!muscles! c. Trunk!extensors! d. Cervical!muscles! e. External'and'internal'intercostal'and'subcostal'muscles' f. Oblique'abdominal'muscles'and'transversal'abdominal'muscle' g. Rectal!column'! h. Pectoral!muscle! i. Straight'abdominal'muscle' ! 22. Neuropore!rostralis! a. Closes'at'day'24' b. Closes!at!day!26! c. Closes!at!day!22! ! 23. Meckel’s!diverticle!develops!from! a. Remnant!of!allantois! b. Remnant!of!yolk!sac! c. Remnant'of'ductus'vitellinus' ! 24. Name!somites!that!transform!back!into!the!spread!form!after!the!differentiation! a. Sacral' b. All!cervical! c. All'thoracical' d. Lumbar' e. C1! f. Th1' ! 25. Intermediate!mesoderm!is!source!for! a. Kidney' b. Ectoderm! c. Primitive!gut! ! 26. Put!in!right!order!the!following!events!in!retinal!development! a. 3'Development!of!n.!opticus! b. 2'Appearance!of!the!internal!&!external!neuroblast!layer! c. 1'Appearance!of!pigment!retina,!neural!retina!&!intraretinal!space! d. 4'Closure!of!intraretinal!space! !  ! ! ! ! ! 27. Blastopathies!develop!if!teratogens!affect! a. Parental!germ!cells! b. Differentiation!of!organs! c. Growth!and!differentiation!of!organs! d. First'15'days' e. Embryo!&!its!membranes! f. Time!period!from!the!9th!week!until!birth! g. Time!period!from!16th!day!until!the!end!of!8th!embryonic!week! ! 28. The!first!eyeball!muscles!during!development!are! a. Lateral!oblique! b. Medial!rectal! c. Common'primordial'of'inferior'rectal'and'oblique' d. Lateral! e. Superior!rectal! ! 29. Ear!placode!gives! a. Bone!labyrinth! b. Corti!organs! c. Membranous'labyrinth' ! 30. The!1st!pharyngeal!pouch!gives:! a. Tympanic!!membrane! b. Tympanic'cavity'and'Eustachian'tube' c. Auricular! ! 31. Place!in!right!order!the!following!events:! a. 3'Proliferation!of!epithelium!into!the!meatus!acousticus!externus! b. 1'Development!of!tragus,!helix!and!concha! c. 4'Recanalization!of!the!meatus!acousticus!externus! d. 2'Development!of!the!auricle! e. 5'Final!forming!of!meatus!acousticus!externus! ! 32. Auricular!structures!are:! a. Patchy!closed!meatus!acousticus!externus! b. Ectodermal!hyperplasia! c. Ear'of'small'size'(?'Makes'no'sense'because'part'of'the'Q.'might'be'missing'?)' ! 33. Mark!the!wrong!suggestions!about!the!yolk!sac! a. Homing!of!gonocytes!  b. Homing'of'connective'tissue'remnant' c. Homing!of!hematopoietic!islands! d. Development!of!allantois!blood!vessels! e. Homing'of'T'and'B'lymphocyte'precursors' ! 34. Chorion! a. Develops'from'the'extraembryonic'mesoderm' b. Is!source!for!the!connective!tissue! c. Develops'the'anchor'villi' d. Villi'cover'all'its'surface'until'the'8th'embryonic'week' e. Villi!cover!all!its!surface!until!the!13th!embryonic!week! f. Villi!disappears!from!the!smooth!chorion!after!week!13! ! 35. Place!in!correct!order!the!phases!of!intrauterine!life! 3'Embryogenesis!–! !1'Gametogenesis!–! 4!Fetogenesis!–!! 2'Blastogenesis! 36. During!embryonic!life!foetus!receives!the!oxygenated!blood!via! a. Right!umbilical!vein! b. Left'umbilical'vein' c. Right!umbilical!artery! d. Left!umbilical!artery! ! 37. Membrane!pupillaris!is! a. Remnant!of!anterior!wall!of!anterior!eye!chamber! b. Remnant'of'posterior'wall'of'anterior'eye'chamber' c. Remnant!of!conjunctival!sac! ! 38. Secondary!palate!develops:! a. As'palatal'processes'at'the'maxillary'fold' b. From!intermaxillary!segment!giving!the!primary!palate! c. From!lateral!nasal!fold! ! 39. Muscle!of!internal!organs!develop!from! a. Splanchnopleuric'mesoderm' b. Somatopleuric!mesoderm! c. Ectoderm! d. Myoepithelium! ! 40. Sternum!develops! a. From'somatopleura'  b. From!splanchnopleura! c. From'interclavicular'blastema' d. Until!17d18!years! e. Until'25'years' ! ! ! ! ! ! 41. Megoblastic!periods!involve! a. Development'of'hematocytoblast'&'angioblasts' b. Development!of!proerythroblast! c. Development!of!progranuloblasts! d. Development'of'hemopoietic'islands' e. Development!of!skin!hemopoietic!islands! ! 42. The!first!main!blood!vessels!during!embryogenesis!are:! a. Aortae!dorsales! b. Vv.'Precardinales' c. Vv.'Postcardinales' d. Branchial!arch!arteries! ! 43. Myoepicardium!develops!from! a. Splanchnopleura' b. Somatopleura! c. From!heart!jelly! ! 44. Cotyledonis!is! a. Branching'tree'of'one'tertiary'villi' b. Mature!placenta! c. All!tertiary!villi!branching! d. Placental'lobes' ! 45. Heart!conducting!system!develops!from! a. Splanchnopleuric'mesoderm' b. Neural'crest'('! outflow'part'of'endothelial'tube)' c. Pleiropericaridal!fold! ! 46. Critical!periods!in!heart!development!are! a. Fusion'of'endocardial'tubes' b. Development'of'valves' c. Sept'of'atrium' d. Sept'of'ventricles' e. Development!of!ventricular!foramen!  f. Development!of!…!region! g. Development!of!aortic!pulmonal!sept! h. Fusion'of'endocardial'cushions' ! ! 47. Aortic!arch!arteries!(aaa.)! a. 3!A.!carotis!communis!&!a.!carotis!internal!proximal!part! b. 2'A.!hyaloidea!&!a!stapedia! c. 1'A.!maxiallaris!&!a.!carotis!externa! d. 5''(actually'6th'branch)'A.!pulmonaris!sin!et!dx!&!ductus!arteriosus! e. 4'A.!Subclavia!&!truncus!brachiocephalicus!(proximal''part'of'subclavian'artery)'on! the!right,!aortic!arch!on!the!left! !'5th'if'existent'at'all'froms'some'capillariy'loops'!' 48. Vv.!Vitelline! a. Ingrowth!into!the!liver!primordial! b. The'left'obliterates,'right'gives'v.'porta' c. The!right!obliterates,!the!left!gives!v.!porta! ! 49. Acrosomal!reaction!is! a. Specific' b. Nondspecific! c. Hyaluronidase'digestive'cells'of'corona'radiata' d. !…!&!zona!pellucida! ! 50. Pecullarities!of!fetal!circulation!is:! a. Blood!oxygenation!into!the!lungs! b. Blood'oxygenation'into'the'placenta' c. Partial'blood'flow'via'ductus'venosus' d. Blood'flow'via'foramen'ovale'to'the'left'atrium' e. Ductus'arteriosus'shunts'with'descending'aorta' f. Blood'flow'via'aa.'Umbilicales' g. Formen!ovale!obliteration! h. Ductus!arteriosus!obliteration! i. Transformation!of!aa.!Umbilicales! j. Transformation!of!vv.!Umbilicales! k. Development!of!new!ligament! ! 51. Pronephros!is!characterized!by! a. Appearance!about!day!25! b. Development!of!functional!units! c. Development!of!ureteric!bud! d. Transforming!functionality! e. Disappearing'at'day'24&25' ! 52. Ductus!mesonephriticus!  a. Regresses'for'females' b. Regresses!for!male! ! ! ! ! 53. Significance!of!fetal!urine! a. Excretion!of!waste!products! b. Supplement'of'amniotic'fluid' c. Development!of!wall!of!amniotic!membrane! ! 54. Morphological!sex!differentiation!starts!at! a. From!the!5th!embryonic!week! b. From'the'6th'embryonic'week' c. From!the!7th!embryonic!week! ! 55. In!development!of!limb!muscles! a. Ventral'muscle'mass'transforms'into'the'flexors' b. Dorsal!muscle!mass!transforms!into!the!flexors! c. Ventral!muscle!mass!gives!extensors! d. Dorsal'muscle'mass'gives'extensors' ! 56. Appendix!testis!and!utriculus!prostaticus!are! a. Remnants'of'ductus'paramesonephricus' b. Remnant!of!ductus!mesonephricus! ! 57. Sebaceous!glands!are! a. Epidermal'colb'that'grows'into'the'dermis' b. Hair!epithelial!vagina! c. Excretory!duct!cells!of!sweat!glands! ! 58. Nails!during!the!embryogenesis!cover!the!fingertips! a. Until!the!birth! b. For!upper!limbs!until!the!week!36,!for!lower!limbs!week!32! c. For'upper'limbs'until'week'32,'for'lower'limbs'until'week'36' ! 59. Follicular!cells!develop! a. From!the!mesonephros! b. From!the!coelomic!epithelium! c. From'cortex'of'primitive'gonad' ! 60. During!the!mesenchymal!stage!of!vertebral!column!development! a. Sclerotomes'differentiate'and'migrate' b. Sclerotomes'consist'of'loosely'connected'cells' c. Sclerotomes!consist!of!densly!packed!cells!  d. Intervertebral!space!appears! e. First!appears!the!intervertebral!disc! 61. From!ureteric!bud!develops! a. Nephrons! b. Ureters' c. Collecting'urinary'ducts' ! 62. Secondary!ossification!centers!for!vertebrae!develop! a. Ventrally!and!dorsally!during!the!1st!postnatal!year! b. On'the'superior'and'inferior'surface'of'vertebrae'during'the'1st'postnatal'year' c. On'the'processes'of'vertebrae'during'the'1st'postnatal'years' ! 63. Desmal!ossification!undergoes!following!skull!bones!(write!down!correct!ones!from!list):! a)!bones!of!cartilaginous!viscerocranium:! Maxilla'&'Mandibula,'' Os'Zygomaticum,'' Os'nasale' Os'Lacrimale'' Os'Palatinum,'' Vomer' Lamina'pterygoidea' Tympanic'ring' b)!bones!of!membranous!viscerocranium:! Malleus,'incus,'Meckel‘s'cartilage'(primordial'of'1st'brachial'arch)' Reichert‘s'cartilage,'stapes,'proc.'Styloideus' ! 64. Lower!limb!primordial! a. Appears!at!the!26th!day!of!embryogenesis! b. Appear'at'the'28th'day'of'embryogenesis' c. Appear!at!the!lumbar!and!sacral!region! d. Appear!at!the!cervical!region! e. Differentiate'until'the'day'60' f. Differentiate!until!the!day!58! ! 65. Mimic!muscles!develop!from! a. The!1st!branchial!arch! b. The'2nd'branchial'arch' c. The!3rd!branchial!arch! d. The!4th!branchial!arch! ! 66. Alveolar!stage!in!lung!development!goes!until! a. 2nd!postnatal!year! b. 7th'postnatal'year' c. 10th!postnatal!year! ! 67. Fertilization!most!often!takes!place! a. Into'the'serosal'abdominal'cavity' b. Ampullar'part'of'tuba'uterine'(usually'here,'but'can'also'happen'in'a'and'c)' c. In'transitional'part'between'ampullar'part'of'tuba'uterine'and'isthmus' ! 68. Cortical!reaction!is! a. Blockage'of'polispermy' b. Development!of!fertilisation!membrane! c. Release!of!polar!body! ! 69. Superfetation!is! a. New'fertilisation'on'the'already'existing'gravidity'(can'be'seen'in'animals,'not'in' human)' b. Fertilisation!of!more!than!one!oocyte!(would'be'superfecundation)! c. Development!of!individuum!without!fertilisation!of!oocyte!by!sperm! ! 70. Cleavage!is! a. Mitotic'division' b. Asynchronic'division' c. Inhomogenous!division! d. Synchronic!division! e. Homogenous!division! ! 71. The!main!trophical!structure!of!fetus!is! a. Trophoblast' b. Embryoblast! ! 72. Group!in!correct!pairs!(1st!–!5th!brachial!arches)! a. 2!Stapes,!processus!styloideus,!ligamentum!styloideum,!small!horn!of!os!hyoideum! b. 4!Cartilage!cricoidea! c. 5!Cartilage!cricoidea! d. 1!Meckel’s!cartilage,!incus,!stapes!(malleus),!ant.!ligament!of!malleus! e. 3!Main!horn!of!os!hyoideum! 4th'–'6th'cartilage'of'larynx' 73. Uteroglobin!is! a. Expressed!protein!by!zygotes! b. Expressed!substance!by!uteral!epithelium! c. Expressed!substance!by!uteral!gland! d. Stimulates'the'implantation' e. Stimulates!the!movement!of!zygote! f. Stimulates!the!ectopic!implantation! ! 74. During!bilaminar!germ!disc!stage!develops! a. Germ'disc' b. Epiblast'and'hypoblast'  c. Ectoderm!and!endoderm! d. Epiblast!and!endoderm! e. Mesoderm!and!hypoblast! ! 75. During!cerebellar!development! a. Primary'neuroblasts'appear'into'the'4th'embryonic'month' b. Primary!neuroblasts!develop!into!the!3rd!embryonic!month! c. Internal!and!external!granular!layer!appear!into!the!4th!embryonic!month! d. Internal'and'external'granular'layer'appear'into'the'3rd'embryonic'month' ' 76. Synonyms!of!somatopleura! a. Parietal'mesoderm' b. Visceral!mesoderm! c. Extraembryonic!mesoderm! ! 77. Amniotic!fluid!contains! a. Fetal'substances' b. Maternal'substances' c. Serotonin' d. 'Alpha'fetoprotein' e. Skin'epithelial'cells'(may'be'shed'during'fluid'leakage..)' f. …! g. Steroid!hormones! h. Somatotrophic!hormones! i. Lysozyme' j. Estradiols' k. Syncy…!hormones! l. Cells!of!proliferation!buds! m. Somatostatin! ! 78. Midgut!gives!rise!for! a. Upper!duodenum! b. Pharynx!and!derivates!of!bronchial!pouches! c. Thoracic!part!of!oesophagus! d. Jejunum' e. Ileum' f. Left!third!part!of!colon!transversum! g. Abdominal!part!of!oesophagus! h. Stomach! i. Caecum' j. Appendix'vermiformis' k. Upper!duodenum! l. Ascending'colon' m. Colon!descendens! n. Right'third'of'colon'transversum'  o. Colon!sigmoideum! p. Rectum! ! 79. Main!accessory!duct!of!pancreas!develops!from! a. Ventral!primordium! b. Dorsal'primordium' ! 80. Following!lung!developmental!stages!are! a. 4'Alveolar! b. 2'Canalicular! c. 1'Pseudoglandular! d. 3'Saccular! ! 81. Definitive!oral!cavity!develops!into! a. 1st!month!of!embryogenesis! b. 2nd'month'of'embryogenesis' c. 3rd!month!of!embryogenesis! ! 82. In!different!stage!of!reproductive!system!development!continues!until!the! a. 10th!week!of!embryogenesis! b. 12th'week'of'embryogenesis' c. 14th!week!of!embryogenesis! ! 83. Whitedmatter!develops!from! a. Ventricular!zone! b. Mantle!zone! c. Marginal'zone' ! 84. Placental!barrier!consists!of! a. Fibrinoid! b. Syncytotrophoblast' c. Villi'connective'tissue' d. Branching!off!cotyledons! e. Cytotrophoblasts' f. Basal'membrane'of'endothelium' g. Endothelium'of'capillaries' h. Basal'membrane'of'epithelium' ! 85. Groups!are!responding!pairs! a. Rhombencephalon! ! c'3rd!ventricle! b. Mesencephalon!! ! a'4th!ventricle! c. Diencephalon! ! ! d'lateral!ventricles! d. Telencephalon! ! ! b'silvius!duct! ! ! ! 86. Mark!only!the!motoric!nerves! a. N.olfactorius! b. N.opticus! c. N.oculomotorius' d. N.'trochlearis' e. N.'tigeminalis' f. N.'abducens' g. N.'facialis' h. N.!vestibulocochlearis! i. N.'vagus' j. N.'accesorius' k. N.'hypoglossus! ! 87. Thin!layer!of!endometrium!that!makes!border!with!uteral!cavity! a. Decidua'capsularis' b. Decidua!parietalis! c. Decidua!basalis! ! 88. Neurotrophic!factors!are! a. Epidermal!growth!factor! b. Laminin! c. Nerve'growth'factor' d. Basic!and!acidic!fibroblast!growth!factor! e. Brain'growth'factor' f. Insulin!related!factor! g. Fibronectin! h. Apolipoprotein'E' i. Collagen! j. S'100' k. Insulin! l. Heparinsulfated!glycosaminoglycan! m. Androgens! ! 89. Tongue!develops!from! a. 1st'branchial'arch' b. 2nd'branchial'arch' c. 3rd'branchial'arch' d. 4th'branchial'arch' e. 5th!branchial!arch! ! 90. First!blood!vessel!primordial!appear!in! a. Wall'of'Yolk'sac'  b. Wall!of!allantois! c. Chorionic!mesoderm! d. All!above!mentioned! 91. Ligaments!of!previous!embryonic!blood!vessels!are! a. Lig.'Teres'hepatis' b. Lig.'Venosum' c. Lig.'Arteriosum' d. Lig.!Hepatolienalis! ! 92. “kiss!of!cupid”!is! a. Nondfused!maxillary!primordial! b. Non&fused'mandibular'primordial' c. Type!of!facial!cleft! ! 93. Embryology!is! a. Part'of'ontogenesis' b. Science'about'the'body'development'from'fertilisation'moment'until'the'birth?' c. Science'about'the'body'development'from'fertilisation'moment'until'the'birth?!! !'Embryology'is'scientific'branch'dealing'with'part'of'ontogenesis'from'zygote'until'birth'!' 94. Branchial!grooves!are! a. Groups'that'separate'the'branchial'arches'externally' b. Place!where!branchial!arch!ectoderm!contacts!to!the!pharyngeal!endoderm! c. Part!of!the!branchial!gut!that!consists!of!cartilage,!nerve,!blood!vessel! d. Structures!in!branchial!gut!between!the!branchial!arches! ! 95. Name!the!tongue!papillae!without!taste!buds! a. Folliatae! b. Fungiform! c. Wallate! d. Filiform' ! 96. Developers!the!responding!correct!pairs!about!the!limb!development! a. Proximodistal!axis! ! c'Wnt! b. Anterioposterior! ! a'Msx,!FGFs! c. Dorsoventral! ! ! b'Shh,!Hox! ! 97. Adherones!are:! a. Complexes'of'signal'molecules' b. Complexes'of'proteoglycan,'fibronectin,'matrix'proteins' c. Jellylike'substance' ! 98. Nephron!development!is!induced!by! a. Expression!of!BMP!2/4! b. Expression'of'FGFs'  c. Expression'of'GDNF' d. Wnt' e. LIF' ! 99. Male!development!depends!on! a. SRY'transcriptional'factor' b. MSX!gene! c. ZFY'gene' d. DAXd1! e. TGFbeta'(influencing'Shh'production'–>'prostate'differentiation)' ! ! 100. TGFbeta!functions!are! a. Inducing'of'mesoderm'development' b. Inducing!of!development!of!induced!stem!cells! c. Inducing'of'ectodermal'development' d. Inducing'of'endoderm'development' !  EMBRO&'VARIANT'1' !(Index:!!Not'correct,'correct'answer,'missing'information'or'“definitions”'form'green'book)! 1. Aplasia!is:! a. Placement!of!organ!in!atypical!site.! b. Absence!of!organ!opening! c. Undeveloped'organ'with'still'persistent'primordial'of'its'blood'vessel'primordial' ! 2. Blastopathia!develops!in!case!if!teratogens!influence!appears:! a. From!the!9th!week!until!birth! b. From!the!day!16!until!the!end!of!8th!week! c. Within'first'15'days' ! 3. Spinal!cord!of!foetus! a. Reaches!S1!in!the!6th!month! b. Reaches!L1!around!the!9th!month! c. Reaches'L3'around'the'9th'month' ! 4. Epithelial!seam!of!palate!disappears!due!to!the! a. Fusion!of!palate!primordial! b. Outmigration'of'epithelial'cells' c. Transforming'of'epitheliocytes'into'the'mesenchymal'cells' d. Influence'of'TGFbeta' ! 5. Place!in!correct!following!order!these!events:! a. 5!Desmal!ossification!and!differentiation!of!myoblasts!into!the!muscle! b. 1!Downgrowth!of!the!lateral!palatal!primordial! c. 2!Elevation!of!palatal!primordial! d. 3!Fusion!of!all!primordial! e. 4!Disappearance!of!the!epithelial!seam! ! 6. Gonocytes!are! a. Round,!already!differentiated!cells! b. Oval,!undifferentiated!cells! c. Rich'by'alkaline'phosphatase'and'glycogen' d. Scarce!with!alkaline!phosphatase!and!glycogen! e. Demonstrate'ameboid&like'movement' f. Demonstrate!undulation! ! 7. Spermiogenesis!is!the!same!as! a. Spermatogenesis! b. Spermiohistogenesis' c. Gametogenesis! ! !  ! ! ! 8. The!strongest!inducers!of!intrauterine!growth!are! a. IGF! b. ICF.RI! c. Insulin' d. HGF' e. TGFbeta' f. BMP!2/4! g. Ephrins' ! 9. Male!infertility!is!suggested!to!show!following!number!of!spermatozoa!in!1!ml!of!sperm:! a. 100!millions! b. 30'millions' c. 70!millions! d. 100!000!millions! ! 10. Dermis!and!subcutis!developing!structures!are:! a. In!dorsal!part!of!trunk!from!the!…!of!somites,!in!lateral!trunk!part!–!from!the! intermediate!mesoderm.! b. In'dorsal'part'of'trunk'from'the'dermatome+somites,'in'lateral'/ventralpart'of' trunk'–'from'the'lateral'mesoderm.' c. In!dorsal!part!of!trunk!from!the!lateral!mesoderm,!in!lateral!part!of!trunk!–!from!the! dermatomes! ! 11. The!first!skin!derivates!…!are! a. Sweat!and!sebaceous!glands! b. Sweat'glands'and'hair'follicles' c. Sebaceous!glands!and!hair!follicles! ! 12. Tongue!papilla!development!is!induced!by! a. N.'facialis' b. N.!trigeminalis! c. N.Vagus! d. N.'Glossopharyngeus' e. N.! ! 13. Parathyroid!gland!develops!from! a. I!&!II!Pharyngeal!pouches! b. III'&'IV'pharyngeal'pouches' c. V!&!IV!pharyngeal!pouches! ! 14. The!first!developing!zones!from!the!embryonic!adrenal!gland!are! a. Zona'glomerulosa'&'zona'fasciculata'  b. Zona! c. Zona! ! 15. The!first!lymphocytes!that!develop!during!embryogenesis!are! a. Precursor!of!T!ly! b. Precursor'of'T'ly'&'B'ly' c. Precursor!of!B!ly! ! 16. Gastrulation! a. Starts'at'day'15' b. At!day!21! c. In!dev.!of!bilaminar!embryo! d. In'dev.'of'ectoderm,'endoderm'&'mesoderm' ! 17. Primitive!streak…! a. From!the!ectoderm! b. From!the!endoderm! c. From'the'caudal'pole'of'germ'disk' d. From!the!cranial!pole!of!germ!disk! e. From!the!hypoblast! f. From'the'epiblast' ! 18. Parotid!gland!develops!from! a. From'the'ectoderm' b. From!the!endoderm! c. From!the!mesoderm! ! 19. The!induced!stem!cells!are! a. Those'differentiated'cells'which'transfer'into'the'undifferentiated'ones' b. Those!undifferentiated!cells!which!transfer!into!the!differentiated!cells! c. All!embryonic!cells! d. All!conceptus!cells! !'Induced'stem'cells'are'developed'from'the'already'differentiated'somatic'cells'under'the' influence'of'various'inducers'!' 20. Please,!put!in!right!order!the!following!events:! a. 3!Fusion!of!nasomedial!and!nasolateral!folds! b. 1'Fusion!of!maxillary!fold!and!nasomedial!fold! c. 2!Fusion!of!maxillary!and!nasolateral!folds! d. 4!Fusion!of!mandibular!folds! ! ! ! ! !  ! ! ! ! ! 21. Hypomere!!gives! a. Flexors' b. Cervical,!thoracic!and!abdominal!skeletal!striated!muscles! c. Trunk!extensors! d. Cervical!muscles! e. External'and'internal'intercostal'and'subcostal'muscles' f. Oblique'abdominal'muscles'and'transversal'abdominal'muscle' g. Rectal!column'! h. Pectoral!muscle! i. Straight'abdominal'muscle' ! 22. Neuropore!rostralis! a. Closes'at'day'24' b. Closes!at!day!26! c. Closes!at!day!22! ! 23. Meckel’s!diverticle!develops!from! a. Remnant!of!allantois! b. Remnant!of!yolk!sac! c. Remnant'of'ductus'vitellinus' ! 24. Name!somites!that!transform!back!into!the!spread!form!after!the!differentiation! a. Sacral' b. All!cervical! c. All'thoracical' d. Lumbar' e. C1! f. Th1' ! 25. Intermediate!mesoderm!is!source!for! a. Kidney' b. Ectoderm! c. Primitive!gut! ! 26. Put!in!right!order!the!following!events!in!retinal!development! a. 3'Development!of!n.!opticus! b. 2'Appearance!of!the!internal!&!external!neuroblast!layer! c. 1'Appearance!of!pigment!retina,!neural!retina!&!intraretinal!space! d. 4'Closure!of!intraretinal!space! !  ! ! ! ! ! 27. Blastopathies!develop!if!teratogens!affect! a. Parental!germ!cells! b. Differentiation!of!organs! c. Growth!and!differentiation!of!organs! d. First'15'days' e. Embryo!&!its!membranes! f. Time!period!from!the!9th!week!until!birth! g. Time!period!from!16th!day!until!the!end!of!8th!embryonic!week! ! 28. The!first!eyeball!muscles!during!development!are! a. Lateral!oblique! b. Medial!rectal! c. Common'primordial'of'inferior'rectal'and'oblique' d. Lateral! e. Superior!rectal! ! 29. Ear!placode!gives! a. Bone!labyrinth! b. Corti!organs! c. Membranous'labyrinth' ! 30. The!1st!pharyngeal!pouch!gives:! a. Tympanic!!membrane! b. Tympanic'cavity'and'Eustachian'tube' c. Auricular! ! 31. Place!in!right!order!the!following!events:! a. 3'Proliferation!of!epithelium!into!the!meatus!acousticus!externus! b. 1'Development!of!tragus,!helix!and!concha! c. 4'Recanalization!of!the!meatus!acousticus!externus! d. 2'Development!of!the!auricle! e. 5'Final!forming!of!meatus!acousticus!externus! ! 32. Auricular!structures!are:! a. Patchy!closed!meatus!acousticus!externus! b. Ectodermal!hyperplasia! c. Ear'of'small'size'(?'Makes'no'sense'because'part'of'the'Q.'might'be'missing'?)' ! 33. Mark!the!wrong!suggestions!about!the!yolk!sac! a. Homing!of!gonocytes!  b. Homing'of'connective'tissue'remnant' c. Homing!of!hematopoietic!islands! d. Development!of!allantois!blood!vessels! e. Homing'of'T'and'B'lymphocyte'precursors' ! 34. Chorion! a. Develops'from'the'extraembryonic'mesoderm' b. Is!source!for!the!connective!tissue! c. Develops'the'anchor'villi' d. Villi'cover'all'its'surface'until'the'8th'embryonic'week' e. Villi!cover!all!its!surface!until!the!13th!embryonic!week! f. Villi!disappears!from!the!smooth!chorion!after!week!13! ! 35. Place!in!correct!order!the!phases!of!intrauterine!life! 3'Embryogenesis!–! !1'Gametogenesis!–! 4!Fetogenesis!–!! 2'Blastogenesis! 36. During!embryonic!life!foetus!receives!the!oxygenated!blood!via! a. Right!umbilical!vein! b. Left'umbilical'vein' c. Right!umbilical!artery! d. Left!umbilical!artery! ! 37. Membrane!pupillaris!is! a. Remnant!of!anterior!wall!of!anterior!eye!chamber! b. Remnant'of'posterior'wall'of'anterior'eye'chamber' c. Remnant!of!conjunctival!sac! ! 38. Secondary!palate!develops:! a. As'palatal'processes'at'the'maxillary'fold' b. From!intermaxillary!segment!giving!the!primary!palate! c. From!lateral!nasal!fold! ! 39. Muscle!of!internal!organs!develop!from! a. Splanchnopleuric'mesoderm' b. Somatopleuric!mesoderm! c. Ectoderm! d. Myoepithelium! ! 40. Sternum!develops! a. From'somatopleura'  b. From!splanchnopleura! c. From'interclavicular'blastema' d. Until!17d18!years! e. Until'25'years' ! ! ! ! ! ! 41. Megoblastic!periods!involve! a. Development'of'hematocytoblast'&'angioblasts' b. Development!of!proerythroblast! c. Development!of!progranuloblasts! d. Development'of'hemopoietic'islands' e. Development!of!skin!hemopoietic!islands! ! 42. The!first!main!blood!vessels!during!embryogenesis!are:! a. Aortae!dorsales! b. Vv.'Precardinales' c. Vv.'Postcardinales' d. Branchial!arch!arteries! ! 43. Myoepicardium!develops!from! a. Splanchnopleura' b. Somatopleura! c. From!heart!jelly! ! 44. Cotyledonis!is! a. Branching'tree'of'one'tertiary'villi' b. Mature!placenta! c. All!tertiary!villi!branching! d. Placental'lobes' ! 45. Heart!conducting!system!develops!from! a. Splanchnopleuric'mesoderm' b. Neural'crest'('! outflow'part'of'endothelial'tube)' c. Pleiropericaridal!fold! ! 46. Critical!periods!in!heart!development!are! a. Fusion'of'endocardial'tubes' b. Development'of'valves' c. Sept'of'atrium' d. Sept'of'ventricles' e. Development!of!ventricular!foramen!  f. Development!of!…!region! g. Development!of!aortic!pulmonal!sept! h. Fusion'of'endocardial'cushions' ! ! 47. Aortic!arch!arteries!(aaa.)! a. 3!A.!carotis!communis!&!a.!carotis!internal!proximal!part! b. 2'A.!hyaloidea!&!a!stapedia! c. 1'A.!maxiallaris!&!a.!carotis!externa! d. 5''(actually'6th'branch)'A.!pulmonaris!sin!et!dx!&!ductus!arteriosus! e. 4'A.!Subclavia!&!truncus!brachiocephalicus!(proximal''part'of'subclavian'artery)'on! the!right,!aortic!arch!on!the!left! !'5th'if'existent'at'all'froms'some'capillariy'loops'!' 48. Vv.!Vitelline! a. Ingrowth!into!the!liver!primordial! b. The'left'obliterates,'right'gives'v.'porta' c. The!right!obliterates,!the!left!gives!v.!porta! ! 49. Acrosomal!reaction!is! a. Specific' b. Nondspecific! c. Hyaluronidase'digestive'cells'of'corona'radiata' d. !…!&!zona!pellucida! ! 50. Pecullarities!of!fetal!circulation!is:! a. Blood!oxygenation!into!the!lungs! b. Blood'oxygenation'into'the'placenta' c. Partial'blood'flow'via'ductus'venosus' d. Blood'flow'via'foramen'ovale'to'the'left'atrium' e. Ductus'arteriosus'shunts'with'descending'aorta' f. Blood'flow'via'aa.'Umbilicales' g. Formen!ovale!obliteration! h. Ductus!arteriosus!obliteration! i. Transformation!of!aa.!Umbilicales! j. Transformation!of!vv.!Umbilicales! k. Development!of!new!ligament! ! 51. Pronephros!is!characterized!by! a. Appearance!about!day!25! b. Development!of!functional!units! c. Development!of!ureteric!bud! d. Transforming!functionality! e. Disappearing'at'day'24&25' ! 52. Ductus!mesonephriticus!  a. Regresses'for'females' b. Regresses!for!male! ! ! ! ! 53. Significance!of!fetal!urine! a. Excretion!of!waste!products! b. Supplement'of'amniotic'fluid' c. Development!of!wall!of!amniotic!membrane! ! 54. Morphological!sex!differentiation!starts!at! a. From!the!5th!embryonic!week! b. From'the'6th'embryonic'week' c. From!the!7th!embryonic!week! ! 55. In!development!of!limb!muscles! a. Ventral'muscle'mass'transforms'into'the'flexors' b. Dorsal!muscle!mass!transforms!into!the!flexors! c. Ventral!muscle!mass!gives!extensors! d. Dorsal'muscle'mass'gives'extensors' ! 56. Appendix!testis!and!utriculus!prostaticus!are! a. Remnants'of'ductus'paramesonephricus' b. Remnant!of!ductus!mesonephricus! ! 57. Sebaceous!glands!are! a. Epidermal'colb'that'grows'into'the'dermis' b. Hair!epithelial!vagina! c. Excretory!duct!cells!of!sweat!glands! ! 58. Nails!during!the!embryogenesis!cover!the!fingertips! a. Until!the!birth! b. For!upper!limbs!until!the!week!36,!for!lower!limbs!week!32! c. For'upper'limbs'until'week'32,'for'lower'limbs'until'week'36' ! 59. Follicular!cells!develop! a. From!the!mesonephros! b. From!the!coelomic!epithelium! c. From'cortex'of'primitive'gonad' ! 60. During!the!mesenchymal!stage!of!vertebral!column!development! a. Sclerotomes'differentiate'and'migrate' b. Sclerotomes'consist'of'loosely'connected'cells' c. Sclerotomes!consist!of!densly!packed!cells!  d. Intervertebral!space!appears! e. First!appears!the!intervertebral!disc! 61. From!ureteric!bud!develops! a. Nephrons! b. Ureters' c. Collecting'urinary'ducts' ! 62. Secondary!ossification!centers!for!vertebrae!develop! a. Ventrally!and!dorsally!during!the!1st!postnatal!year! b. On'the'superior'and'inferior'surface'of'vertebrae'during'the'1st'postnatal'year' c. On'the'processes'of'vertebrae'during'the'1st'postnatal'years' ! 63. Desmal!ossification!undergoes!following!skull!bones!(write!down!correct!ones!from!list):! a)!bones!of!cartilaginous!viscerocranium:! Maxilla'&'Mandibula,'' Os'Zygomaticum,'' Os'nasale' Os'Lacrimale'' Os'Palatinum,'' Vomer' Lamina'pterygoidea' Tympanic'ring' b)!bones!of!membranous!viscerocranium:! Malleus,'incus,'Meckel‘s'cartilage'(primordial'of'1st'brachial'arch)' Reichert‘s'cartilage,'stapes,'proc.'Styloideus' ! 64. Lower!limb!primordial! a. Appears!at!the!26th!day!of!embryogenesis! b. Appear'at'the'28th'day'of'embryogenesis' c. Appear!at!the!lumbar!and!sacral!region! d. Appear!at!the!cervical!region! e. Differentiate'until'the'day'60' f. Differentiate!until!the!day!58! ! 65. Mimic!muscles!develop!from! a. The!1st!branchial!arch! b. The'2nd'branchial'arch' c. The!3rd!branchial!arch! d. The!4th!branchial!arch!