Quiz #2 Meteorology PDF

## Quiz #2 1. As the difference between the air temperature and the dew point increases, the relative humidity a. Decreases b. Remains constant and equal to 100% c. Remains constant at a value less than 100% d. Increases 2. The heat index (HI) is based on the apparent temperature,...

## Quiz #2 1. As the difference between the air temperature and the dew point increases, the relative humidity a. Decreases b. Remains constant and equal to 100% c. Remains constant at a value less than 100% d. Increases 2. The heat index (HI) is based on the apparent temperature, which is a combination of air temperature and a. Solar intensity b. Wind speed c. Cloud cover d. relative humidity 3. When naming clouds, the term “stratus”, or “strato”, means _____ clouds. a. Layer b. Thick c. Storm d. Low altitude 4. Nighttime radiation inversions occur on most _____ nights. a. Clear, windy b. Rainy, windy c. Rainy, calm d. Clear, calm 5. Thin, wispy clouds blown by high winds into long streamers, called mare's tails, are _____ a. Cirrocumulus b. Altostratus c. Cirrus d. Stratus 6. Seasons on Earth are regulated by _____ a. Only Earth's nearness to the sun b. Both the length of daylight hours and the angle sunlight strikes Earth's surface c. Only the angle sunlight strikes Earth's surface d. Only the length of daylight hours 7. Warm, moist air moving over a cold surface produces _____ fog. a. Evaporation (mixing) b. Radiation c. Frontal d. Advection 8. As the air temperature increases, the air's capacity for water vapor _____ a. Can either increase or decrease because it is unrelated to temperature b. Increases c. Decreases d. Remains constant 9. Cold and cloudy nights are warmer than cold and clear nights (other factors being equal) because _____ a. Of thermal belts b. Of strong radiation inversions c. Clouds absorb outgoing infrared energy and radiate it back to the surface d. Clouds reflect sunlight 10. Maximum air temperature in a given day usually occurs _____ solar heating. a. 12-14 hours after maximum b. Before maximum c. 2-4 hours after maximum d. During maximum 11. Particles that serve as surfaces on which water vapor may condense are called _____ a. Nacreous nuclei b. Hydrophobic nuclei c. Condensation nuclei d. Scud 12. The heat index _____ a. Determines how high air temperature will be on any given day b. Relates body heat loss with wind to an equivalent temperature with no wind c. Indicates the temperature at which water freezes on exposed skin d. Takes into account humidity and air temperature in expressing the current air temperature 13. A parcel of air expands and cools, or compresses and warms, with no interchange of heat with its outside surroundings. What is this called? a. Isothermal ascent b. Forced lifting c. Adiabatic process d. Advection 14. Which cloud type would be most likely to form in an unstable atmosphere a. Nimbostratus b. Cirrostratus c. Cumulonimbus d. Cumulus humilis 15. The surface air around a strengthening low pressure area normally _____ While, above the system, the air normally _____ a. Converges; converges b. Converges; diverges c. Diverges; converges d. Diverges; diverges 16. A parcel rises and cools by _____ C per 1000 m if its unsaturated a. 20 b. 15 c. 5 d. 10 17. The wind around a surface low pressure center in the Northern Hemisphere blows _____ the center. a. Counterclockwise and inward toward b. Clockwise and outward from c. Clockwise and inward toward d. Counterclockwise and outward from 18. The phrase “rain shadow” is associated with which type of precipitation? a. Cyclonic b. Convectional c. Frontal d. orographic 19. Anticyclonic flow means _____ in either the Northern hemisphere. a. Circulation around a low pressure center b. Counterclockwise flow c. Clockwise wind flow d. Circulation around a high pressure center 20. If Earth's gravitational force were to increase, atmospheric pressure at the ground would _____ a. Increase b. Remain the same c. Decrease d. Cause the atmosphere to expand vertically 21. The pressure gradient force is directed from higher pressure toward lower pressure _____ a. At all places on Earth b. Only at the poles c. Only at the equator d. At all places on earth except for the equator 22. A _____ wind blows at a constant speed parallel to straight line isobars, with the pressure gradient force (PGF) and the Coriolis force in balance a. Gradient b. Cyclostrophic c. Meridional d. Geostrophic 23. The _____ force is an apparent force created by Earth's rotation. a. gravitational b. Pressure gradient c. Coriolis d. Centripetal 24. A parcel rises and cools by _____ C per 1000 m if it is saturated. a. 15 b. 5 c. 10 d. 20 25. Convection clouds form _____ a. On the windward slope of a mountain b. By surface heating c. Behind a jet airplane d. Over a warm ocean current 26. A raindrop that freezes before reaching the ground is called _____ a. Glaze b. Graupel c. Snow d. Sleet 27. The energy of motion is known as _____ a. Kinetic energy b. Potential energy c. Radiant energy d. Specific heat 28. Average atmospheric CO2 concentration has _____ over the past 100 years. a. Slightly decreased b. Remained constant c. Significantly decreased d. Increased 29. The word "weather" is defined as _____ a. The frequency of precipitation or other events b. Any type of falling precipitation c. The condition of the atmosphere at any particular time and place d. The general climate of a region 30. The freezing of pure water is 32 on the _____ scale. a. Kelvin b. Fahrenheit c. Celsius d. Absolute 31. The vertical profile of _____ is variable in each layer of Earth's atmosphere. a. Air temperature b. Air pressure c. Altitude d. Air density 32. As the difference between the air temperature and the dew point increases, the relative humidity. a. Increases b. Decreases c. Remains constant at a value less than 100% d. Remains constant and equal to 100% 33. Warm, moist air moving over a cold surface produces _____ fog a. Radiation b. Frontal c. Advection d. Evaporation (mixing) 34. As the air temperature decreases, the air's capacity for water vapor _____ a. Increases b. Decreases c. Remains constant d. It's unrelated to air temperature 35. Cold and cloudy nights are warmer than cold and clear nighs (other factors being equal) because ____ a. Of strong radiation inversions b. Clouds reflect sunlight c. Of thermal belts d. Clouds absorb outgoing infrared energy and radiate it back to the surface 36. Particles that serve as surfaces on which water vapor may condense are called _____ a. Hydrophobic nuclei b. Nacreous nuclei c. Condensation nuclei d. Scud 37. During El Nino events, surface waters are _____ in the tropical eastern Pacific a. Warmer b. Colder 38. Which of the following is not a rule of contouring a. Isopleths can stop in the middle of the map b. Isopleths cannot touch c. Label at both ends of each isopleth d. Observations that are the same as the isopleth should lie on the isopleth 39. The wind around a surface low pressure center in the Northern Hemisphere blows _____ the center a. Inward toward b. Away from 40. The _____ force is the force that causes wind to blow a. Pressure gradient b. Coriolis 41. In an absolutely _____ environment, the lifted parcel of air is colder than the air surrounding it a. Stable b. Unstable 42. The heat index is a combination of air temperature and _____ a. Wind speed b. Relative humidity 43. In an _____ atmosphere, the environmental lapse rate is less than the dry adiabatic lapse rate, but greater than the moist adiabatic rate. a. Conditionally unstable b. Absolutely unstable 44. In an _____ atmosphere, the environmental lapse rate is greater than the moist and dry adiabatic rates a. Absolutely unstable b. Conditionally unstable 45. The air pressure at sea level is _____ then the pressure at the summit of Mount Everest. a. Higher b. Lower 46. Match each item with the appropriate description. 1. The horizontal transfer of any atmospheric property by wind 2. The transfer of what from molecule to molecule within a substance 3. The transfer of heat by the mass movement of a fluid, such as water and air 4. Energy propagated in the form of electromagnetic waves. a. Conduction b. Convection c. Advection d. Radiant energy (radiation) 47. Monsoon season refers to _____ a. Seasonally changing winds b. Heavy rain 48. Match each item with the appropriate description 1. The difference in average temperature between the warmest moth (often July in the Northern hemisphere) and the coldest month (often January). 2. The average of the highest and lowest temperature observed in a given 24-hour period -typically from midnight to midnight 3. The average temperature of any station for the entire year, which represents the average of the twelve monthly average temperatures 4. The difference between the daily maximum and minimum temperature is greatest next to the ground and becomes progressively smaller as we move away from the surface. a. Daily (diurnal) range of temperatures b. Mean (average) daily temperature c. Annual range of temperature d. Mean (average) annual temperature 49. Match each word to its correct definition 1. Composed of ice crystals in the form of thin, white, featherlike clouds in patches, filaments, or narrow bands 2. A cloud in the form of individual, detached domes or towers that are usually dense and well defined 3. A low, gray cloud layer with a rather uniform base 4. Middle layer clouds 5.clouds with rain or precipitation a. "Cirrus" or "cirro" b. "Stratus" or "strato" c. "Cumulus" or "cumulo" d. "Alto" e. "Nimbus" or "nimbo" 50. Match each cloud description to the correct name of the cloud. 1. A cloud in the shape of lens 2. Frequently accompanied by heavy showers, lightning, thunder, and sometimes hail. 3. A dark, gray cloud characterized by more or less continuously failing precipitation. It is rarely accompanied by lightning, thunder, or hail. 4. A middle cloud composed of gray or bluish sheets or layers of uniform appearance. a. Lenticular clouds b. Cumulonimbus clouds c. Nimbostratus clouds d. Altostratus clouds 51. Match each item with the appropriate description. 1. The horizontal transfer of any atmospheric property by wind 2. The transfer of heat from molecule to molecule within a substance 3. The transfer of heat by the mass movement of a fluid, such as water and air 4. Energy propagated in the form of electromagnetic waves a. Radiant energy (radiation) b. Conduction c. Advection d. Convection 52. A supercell storm is a(n) _____ a. Number of individual multicell thunderstorms that organize into a large convection weather system b. elongated, ominous-looking storm cloud that forms just behind a gust front c. Multicell thunderstorm that forms as a line of thunderstorms d. Intense long-lasting thunderstorm with a single violently rotating updraft 53. According to the model of the life cycle of a wave cyclone, the storm system is normally most intense as a(n) _____ a. Mature cyclone b. Stationary wave c. Frontal wave d. Open wave