Philippine Literature in the Japanese Occupation (2024) PDF

PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION PHOTO: Filipina “Comfort Women” in the Japanese Period WHAT HAPPENED IN THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION...

PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION PHOTO: Filipina “Comfort Women” in the Japanese Period WHAT HAPPENED IN THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION PERIOD? Philippine Literature was interrupted in its development when the Philippines was again conquered by another foreign country, Japan. Philippine literature in English came to a halt. Except for The Tribune and The Philippine Review, almost all newspapers in English were stopped by the Japanese. The weekly Liwayway was placed under strict surveillance until it was managed by a Japanese named Ishiwara. WHAT HAPPENED IN THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION PERIOD? During this time, there was no freedom of speech and of the press. The only contact with the outside world was done with utmost secrecy through the underground radio program called “Voice of Freedom”. Victoria Abelardo has described Filipino writing during the Japanese occupation as being pessimistic and bitter. There were some efforts at escapist literature, but in general, the literary output was minor and insignificant. Because of strict censorship, few literary works were printed during the war years. WHAT HAPPENED IN THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION PERIOD? Filipino language was favored by the Japanese military authority and writing in English was consigned to a limbo. Japanese people were able to influence and encourage the Filipino in developing the vernacular literature. The only Filipino writers who could write freely were those who were living in the United States. Most writers and authors were led to either go underground or write in Filipino. WHAT HAPPENED IN THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION PERIOD? This had an advantageous effect of Filipino Literature, which experienced renewed attention because writers in English turned to writing in Filipino. Juan Laya, who used to write in English turned to Filipino because of the strict prohibitions of the Philippines of the Japanese regarding any writing in English. In other words, Filipino literature was given a break during this period. Many wrote plays, poems, short stories, etc. Topics and themes were often about life in the provinces. Liwayway Magazine in Liwayway Magazine in the American Period the Japanese Period PROMINENT LITERARY WORKS Poetry Filipino Drama Filipino Short Stories Philippine Literature in English  FILIPINO POETRY DURING THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION The common themes of most poems during the Japanese occupation were nationalism, country, love, life in the barrios, faith, religion, and the arts. Three types of poems emerged during this period: Haiku, Tanaga, and Karaniwang Anyo.  FILIPINO POETRY DURING THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION: Haiku Haiku is a poem of free verse that the Japanese liked. It was made up of 17 syllables divided into three lines. The first life had 5 syllables, the second had 7 syllables, and the third had 5. It is allegorical in meaning. It is short and covers a wide scope in meaning. Tutubi Anyaya Hila mo’y tabak… Ulilang damo Ang bulaklak nanginig Sa tahimik nailog Sa paglapit mo. Halika, sinta.  FILIPINO POETRY DURING THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION: Tanaga Tanaga is like the Haiku since it is short, but it had measure and rhyme. Each line had 17 syllables and is also allegorical in meaning. Palay Kabibi Palay siyang matino Kabibi, ano ka ba? Nang humangi’y yumuko, May perlas maganda ka Ngunit muling tumayo, Kung idiit sa tainga Nagkabungang ginto. Nagbubuntung hininga.  FILIPINO POETRY DURING THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION: Karaniwang Anyo This kind contains the usual form of poetry writing, as how Filipinos were accustomed to writing poems in the past until now.  FILIPINO DRAMA DURING THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION The drama experienced a lull during the Japanese period because movie houses showing American films were closed. The big movie houses were just made to show stage shows. Many of the plays were reproductions of English plays to Tagalog.  FILIPINO DRAMA DURING THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION Francisco Soc Rodrigo, Alberto Concio, and Narciso Pimentel founded the organization of Filipino players named Dramatic Philippines. They are also the prominent translators of Philippine stage plays written in English to Filipino for production. FILIPINO DRAMA DURING THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION Francisco Soc Jose Ma. Hernandez – Rodgrigo – wrote Sa wrote Panday Pira Pula, Sa Puti Clodualdo del Mundo– Julian Cruz Balmaceda wrote Bulaga (an – wrote Sino Ba expression in the Kayo?, Dahil Sa Anak, game Hide and Seek) and Higante ng Patay.  “Sa Pula, Sa Puti” “Panday Pira”  FILIPINO SHORT STORIES DURING THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION The field of the short story widened during the Japanese Occupation. Many wrote short stories. Among them were Brigido Batungbakal, Macario Pineda, Serafin Guinigundo, Liwayway Arceo, Narciso Ramos, NVM Gonzales, Alicia Lopez Lim, Ligaya Perez, and Gloria Guzman.  FILIPINO SHORT STORIES DURING THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION The best writings in 1945 were selected by a group of judges composed of Francisco Icasiano, Jose Esperanza Cruz, Antonio Rosales, Clodualdo del Mundo and Teodoro Santos. First Prize: Narciso Reyes with his LUPANG TINUBUAN Second Prize: Liwayway Arceo’s UHAW ANG TIGANG NA LUPA Third Prize: NVM Gonzales’ LUNSOD NAYON AT DAGAT-DAGATAN  Because of the strict prohibitions imposed by the Japanese in the writing and publishing of works in English, Philippine literature in English experienced a dark period. The few who dared to write did so for their bread and PHILIPPINE butter or for propaganda. LITERATURE IN ENGLISH Writing that came out during this period were journalistic in nature. Writers felt suppressed but slowly, the spirit of nationalism started to seep into their consciousness.  PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH Journalists include Salvador P. Lopez, Leon Ma. Guerrero, Raul Manglapuz, and Carlos Bulosan. Few of the iconic contributions to Philippine literature are: Nick Joaquin produced THE WOMAN WHO LOOKED LIKE LAZARUS. F. B. Icasiano wrote essays in THE PHILIPPINE REVIEW. Alfredo Litiatco published WITH HARD AND SLING Jose P. Laurel published FORCES THAT MAKE A NATION GREAT  PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH CARLOS P. ROMULO was a noteworthy writer during the period. He won the Pulitzer Prize for his bestsellers I Saw The Fall Of The Philippines; I See The Philippines Rise and his Mother America And My Brother Americans. He also wrote The Laughter Of My Father (1944), The Voice Of Bataan (1943), Six Filipino Poet (1942).  PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH The Commonwealth Literary Awardees in 1945 Like the Molave – Rafael Zulueta da Costa (Poetry) How my Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife – Manuel E. Arguilla (Short Story) Literature and Society – Salvador P. Lopez (Essay) His Native Soil – Juan Laya (Novel)  President Manuel L. Quezon’s autobiography THE GOOD FIGHT was published posthumously. PHILIPPINE Radio broadcasts echoes the mingled LITERATURE fear and doubts in the heats of IN ENGLISH thepeople. Other writers of this period were Juan Collas (1944), Tomas Confesor (1945), Roman A. dela Cruz and Elisa Tabuñar.  PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION PHOTO: Filipina “Comfort Women” in the Japanese Period Reference: https://pdfcookie.com/documents/philippine-literature-during-the-japanese-period-rv31ex6dx12d