Critique of Mythical Thinking in Philosophy PDF

## Critique of mythical thinking in the origin of philosophical thought * Critique of mythical thinking in the origin of philosophical thought * Explore Myths have played a significant role in history and culture throughout time. We can find myths in all civilizations, and many of them have shaped...

## Critique of mythical thinking in the origin of philosophical thought * Critique of mythical thinking in the origin of philosophical thought * Explore Myths have played a significant role in history and culture throughout time. We can find myths in all civilizations, and many of them have shaped ways of thinking and acting, for example, those found in sacred texts. * What myth, relevant to the culture you are in, do you remember? * Know and expand Mythical speculation occurs before philosophical thought, but both seek to interpret reality, its origin, and its transformations in an orderly and convincing manner, and to reveal the causes and effects of events that happen in the world. To do this, both mythical and philosophical consciousness need to overcome temporal limitations and the mere individual experience. This condition led to the mythical explanation and that of reason advancing together without conflict for centuries, and rather—in the worst case scenario—one gradually deriving into the other, as happened in the West during the transition that represented, in ancient Greece, the development of philosophical thought during the pre-Socratic period. In its evolution, philosophy thrived in reflecting on itself and the boundaries separating it from mythical thought became clearer. Thus, we can characterize some differences: * Reflection on specific problems Plato and Aristotle extolled reason or logos and criticized myth for not being a valid path to understanding reality. However, in his thinking, Plato conceives the existence of the world of ideas, which is situated on a plane to which all souls accessed before their birth, and where they knew all the absolute ideas that inspired the demiurge to make copies of everything that is present to human senses. Alfred Fouillée, a historian of philosophy, says: "There is, then, an Idea that embraces all others and reconciles them within itself; there is an Idea of Ideas. Considered, from the abstract point of view, this Idea is the supreme unity; considered in its intimate nature, it is supreme perfection or the Good. And what is eternal, immutable, absolute Good, if not God?" (1955, p. 129). Aristotle, although he agrees with Plato that there is an idea through which we can characterize identical objects in an identical manner, does not admit that this entity exists independently of things, as this would also imply the existence of a parallel universe from which to explain it. On the other hand, if it is as Plato says, that ideas are immovable, the things of the sensible world (which are their imitation) should also be so, but that is not the case. * For Aristotle, it is not possible to separate the sensible world and the world of ideas, as it would imply that substance (matter) would not harbor within itself its form (essence) or primordial idea, so things are what they are, and, therefore, they would simply be matter without any end and without the need for existence. * Philosophy and Art * What myth is narrating this fresco painted by Miguel Ángel on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel? * What is the non-mythical explanation of this episode?