Thyroid and Parathyroid PDF

5 +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Thyroid** | | | | | +=============+=============+=============+=============+=============+ | **CLASSIFIC | **THERAPEUT | **MECHANISM | **ADVERSE | **DRUG** | | ATION**...

5 +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Thyroid** | | | | | +=============+=============+=============+=============+=============+ | **CLASSIFIC | **THERAPEUT | **MECHANISM | **ADVERSE | **DRUG** | | ATION** | IC** | OF ACTION** | EFFECTS** | | | | | | | **EXEMPLARS | | | **USES** | | | ** | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Thyroid | Hypothyroid | Synthetic | Few if any | **levothyro | | Hormone | ism | form of | when | xine** | | Replacement | | thyroxine | correct | | | ** | Treatment | | dose used | **(Synthroi | | | of | (T~4~,T~3~, | | d)** | | | | or both) | Skin | | | | myxedema | | reactions, | | | | coma | Increase | loss of | | | | | the | hair | | | | Suppression | metabolic | | | | | of TSH in | rate of | Symptoms | | | | the | body | of | | | | | tissues, | hyperthyroi | | | | treatment/p | increasing | dism | | | | reve | oxygen | (anxiety, | | | | ntion of | consumption | GI upset, | | | | goiters | , | sweating, | | | | | respiration | weight | | | | | , | loss, heat | | | | | heart rate, | intolerance | | | | | growth and | ) | | | | | maturation, | if dose too | | | | | and | high | | | | | metabolism | | | | | | of fat, | Less | | | | | carbohydrat | predictable | | | | | es, | effects: | | | | | and protein | cardiac, | | | | | | CNS, | | | | | | difficulty | | | | | | swallowing | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | Antithyroid | Hyperthyroi | prevent | Effects of | Propylthiou | | Agents | dism( | formation | thyroid | racil | | | Graves) | of thyroid | suppression | (PTU) and | | | | hormone | ; | | | | (Thioamides | within the | GI effects | methimazole | | | ) | thyroid | | | | | | cells, | Agranulocyt | (Tapazole) | | | | lowering | osis, | | | | | the serum | GI upset, | | | | | level; also | rash when | | | | | partially | dose is too | | | | | inhibit | high, leads | | | | | | to | | | | | conversion | hypothyroid | | | | | of T4 to T3 | ism | | | | | | (cold | | | | | | intolerance | | | | | | , | | | | | | weight | | | | | | gain, | | | | | | bradycardia | | | | | | , | | | | | | lethargy, | | | | | | depression) | | | | | | | | | | | | Note: | | | | | | | | | | | | Hepatotoxic | | | | | | ity | | | | | | | | | | | | Monitor CBC | | | | | | levels and | | | | | | liver | | | | | | function | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | | Thyroid | Destroys | Fatigue, | Radioactive | | | cancer | thyroid | nausea, dry | | | | | producing | mouth, sore | Iodine | | | | cells | throat, | | | | | | headache, | (RAI) | | | | | infertility | | | | | | , | | | | | | bone marrow | | | | | | suppression | | | | | | , | | | | | | leukpenia, | | | | | | dysphagia, | | | | | | thyroidal | | | | | | tenderness, | | | | | | taste | | | | | | changes | | | | | | (metallic | | | | | | taste) | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | | Thyrotoxic | Inhibits | Hypothyroid | Potassium | | | | thyroid | ism; | iodide | | | crisis/stor | production | iodism; | (Iosat, | | | m | & hormone | staining of | Thyrosafe, | | | | release d/t | teeth; skin | Thyroshield | | | Pre-Thyroid | high levels | rash; | ) | | | ecto | of iodide | goiter | | | | my | | | | | | | | -shrinks | | | | | | the thyroid | | | | | | before | | | | | | removal | | | | | | | | | | | | \- Keep one | | | | | | hour apart | | | | | | from other | | | | | | antithyroid | | | | | | meds | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Parathyro | | | | | | id** | | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | Synthetic | hypocalcemi | regulate | GI effects | Calcitriol | | vitamin D | a | absorption | | | | analog | | of calcium | CNS effects | | | | | and | | | | | | phosphate | **Patients | | | | | from small | with liver | | | | | intestine, | or renal | | | | | mineral | dysfunction | | | | | reabsorptio | may | | | | | n | experience | | | | | in bone, | increased | | | | | reabsorptio | level of | | | | | n | drugs | | | | | of | and/or | | | | | phosphate | toxic | | | | | from renal | effects** | | | | | tubes | | | | | | | Hypercalcem | | | | | | ia | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ 6 +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | | | | Interruptio | | | | | | n | | | | | | of | | | | | | treatment: | | | | | | severe | | | | | | hypocalcemi | | | | | | a | | | | | | | | | | | | \*side | | | | | | note- | | | | | | calcium has | | | | | | 3 main | | | | | | function | | | | | | (bones, | | | | | | blood-clott | | | | | | ing | | | | | | factor, | | | | | | beats | | | | | | -heart | | | | | | beats) | | +=============+=============+=============+=============+=============+ | Antihyperca | Treatment | Act to slow | Most | Bisphosphon | | lcemic | of | or block | common: | ates | | Agents | | bone | abdominal | | | | Paget's | resorption | pain, | Alendronate | | | disease | | | | | | | | constipatio | (Fosamax) | | | | | n, | | | | | | musculoskel | | | | | | etal | | | | | | pain, | | | | | | nausea, | | | | | | diarrhea | | | | | | | | | | | | Increase in | | | | | | bone pain | | | | | | with | | | | | | Paget's | | | | | | disease | | | | | | | | | | | | Esophageal | | | | | | ulceration | | | | | | | | | | | | Long-term | | | | | | use: | | | | | | increased | | | | | | risk of | | | | | | femoral | | | | | | shaft | | | | | | fractures | | | | | | | | | | | | Osteonecros | | | | | | is | | | | | | of the | | | | | | jaw-a part | | | | | | of your | | | | | | jawbone | | | | | | pokes | | | | | | through | | | | | | your gum | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | | Lower | -Balance | Flushing of | Calcitonins | | | calcium | the effects | the face | | | | levels | of PTH | and hands, | Calcitonin | | | | | skin rash, | salmon | | | | -Inhibit | nausea and | (Miacalcin) | | | | bone | vomiting, | | | | | resorption | urinary | | | | | | frequency, | | | | | | local | | | | | | inflammatio | | | | | | n | | | | | | at the site | | | | | | of | | | | | | injection | | | | | | | | | | | | -Intranasal | | | | | | route: | | | | | | nasal | | | | | | dryness and | | | | | | irritation | | | | | | | | | | | | -Many of | | | | | | the side | | | | | | effects | | | | | | lessen with | | | | | | time | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+