Skeletal and Musculoskeletal System PDF

WHAT bone AM I?  RIBS ____ I’m flat and wide, and I shield your chest. Without me, your heart and lungs would be unprotected. What am I?  FEMUR _____ I am the Femur longest bone in the human body. I help support your weight and connect the hip to th...

WHAT bone AM I?  RIBS ____ I’m flat and wide, and I shield your chest. Without me, your heart and lungs would be unprotected. What am I?  FEMUR _____ I am the Femur longest bone in the human body. I help support your weight and connect the hip to the Fibula knee.Tibia What am I?  VERTEBRA ________ Cranium I’m one of the 33 small bones that make up your spine. What am I? Provide a rigid Support sk e l e ta l framework to musc ul a r maintain shape move me n t Prot ec t t h e a nima l ’ s so ft t i ssues  TYPES OF SKELETAL SYSTEM Hydrostatic Skeleton Endosk e l e to n A skeleton located composed of muscles inside the organism’ s and an incompressible body.Made up of body fluid; present in calcium and phosphate earthworms minerals Exosketon A hard, external body covering; examples include shells and chitinous skeletons of arthropods  Provide shape and Stores calcium support to the body and phosphorus Ossification, Protects the process of bone internal body f o r ma t i o n organs Provides attachment to Produces blood cells in muscles as they work t h e r e d ma r r o w o f c e r t a i n together to move the body bones.  C o mp o s e d o f t h e u p p e r a n d l o we r e x t r e mi t i e s o f t h e body. F o r ms t h e central axis of the body  FLAT BONE flat and thin possibly curved protect internal organs LONG BONE ex. cranial bones Tubular shape long axis SHORT BONE T wo e n d s t h a t a r t i c u l a t e cuboidal bone wi t h a n o t h e r b o n e EX. carpal bones E X : h u me r u s S E S A MO I D B O N E IRREGULAR BONE a r e s ma l l , r o u n d b o n e s t h a t a r e e mb e d d e d c o mp l e x s h a p e s wi t h i n t e n d o n s o r that do not fit into the mu s c l e s. other categories and often serve specialized functions in the body Ex. vertebrae  TENDON Bones are also c o n n e c t e d t o mu s c l e s by a dense connective tissue JOINT a n a r e a wh e r e t wo b o n e s me e t. A t t h e end of each bone is covered by a t o u g h , s mo o t h , L I G A ME N T shiny substance Bones are also held called cartilage. together by strong, stretchy bands. They help stabilize joints and prevent joints f r o m mo v i n g t o o f a r in one direction  Allow movement Aids in thermoregulation Affect rate of blood flow Allow digestion Holds the skeleton together Calcium and ATP is needed for movement Innervated by the Somatic System Movement is voluntary  SKELETAL MUSCLE striated muscle, multinucleated voluntary movement usually attached to a bone SMOOTH MUSCLE non-striated uninucleated involuntary movement usually covering internal organs CARDIAC MUSCLE striated, uninucleated, branched involuntary found in the walls of the heart  CARDIAC MUSCLE striated, uninucleated, branched SKELETAL MUSCLE involuntary striated muscle, found in the walls of multinucleated the heart voluntary movement usually attached to a bone SMOOTH MUSCLE non-striated uninucleated involuntary movement usually covering internal organs  Occurs when Calcium (Ca) ions are released into the sarcomeres; ATP then is used to slide the actin filaments Within sarcomeres, actin filaments slides closer together during muscle contraction.  Skeletal muscle movement is always the result of two muscles, or two groups of muscles, working together. These muscle pairs are called antagonistic pair. TRUE OR FALSE  Skeletal system The skeletal and provides protection, cardiac have movement and involuntary produced red blood muscles. cells.  Endocrine system Ligaments is is involved in where two or coordination, body more bones are control and hormone connected. secretion. Stomach releases The cardiac the hormone muscles are only insulin and located in the glucagon into the Heart. bloodstream.