Science Revision PDF

Sexual reproduction is when a male sperm fertilizes with the female egg which then can create offspring. A male creates their sperm through their testicles and females develop their eggs from their ovaries. When 2 different sex cells meet it is called a zygote. The difference between internal fer...

Sexual reproduction is when a male sperm fertilizes with the female egg which then can create offspring. A male creates their sperm through their testicles and females develop their eggs from their ovaries. When 2 different sex cells meet it is called a zygote. The difference between internal fertilization and external fertilization is that the male sperm fertilizes with a female egg in the female's body. But in external fertilization the sperm and the egg fertilizes for example when female fish lay their eggs in water, the male fish comes and spray their sperm on the eggs. Asexual reproduction is when a female parent can create offspring without a male parent by cell division which makes a copy of the female parent\'s DNA and sends it to a new cell. Budding is also when a new cell grows on the side of another cell and when it is fully developed the cell will fall off. Splitting is when an organism splits down in the middle which creates a new individual identical organism. Pathogenesis is when an organism will reproduce with themselves which produces a clone if they can't find a mate. Male parts A bladder is an organ where urine is stored. The seminal vesicles are 2 pouches at the base of the bladder which produces a fluid high in fructose and sugar which helps provide nutrients for sperm cells like protein and enzymes etc. The prostate gland is a small organ which helps produce semen during ejaculation. The epididymis stores sperm and transports it to the sperm duct. The sperm duct is a tube in the penis that transports sperm from the epididymis to the urethra. The anus is butt hole where the poop exits out of the body. The urethra is a tube which lets the urine and semen out of the body. The penis is an external sex male organ which males urinate and ejaculate through. The testicles are responsible for producing sperm and also testosterone. The scrotum is a bag of skin which holds and protects the testicles. Female reproduction body parts The fallopian tube is a tube which carries the eggs from the ovaries to the uterus. The ovary develops the egg. The cervix is a narrow closing end to the uterus to prevent any bacteria going through but allowing little opening to allow sperm through. The anus is where the poop exits out of the body Vagina is a passageway to let blood exit out during a period but also a pathway to let the male's penis enter inside the body to excrete out the sperm. The bladder holds urine The urethra is a tube which lets out urine from the bladder out the vagina. The clitoris is a tiny nub on top of the vagina which acts like a pleasure center The vulva is the flaps outside of the vagina which allows to menstruate, pee and give birth The hymen prevents from bacteria entering the vagina Menstrual cycle Day 1-6 menstruation The bleeds last for 2-5 days Lining of uterus sheds if egg isn't fertilized Day 6-10 (Lining regrowth) Lining of uterus regrows ready to get impregnated Day 10-14 (Ovulation) Egg is released from the ovary Day 15-28 (Lining thickening) Lining of uterus gets thicker getting ready to get pregnant a few days after the egg is released from the ovary Cycle begins again day 1 If the egg isn't fertilized with a male counterpart, the lining of the uterus sheds again and lets blood out.