Science 8 2nd Quarter Final RUQA PDF

Regional Unified Quarterly Assessment Second Quarter SCIENCE 8 GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS. Do not write anything on this test paper. After carefully reading all the questions, reflect all your answers on the separate ANSWER SHEET. Shade the circ...

Regional Unified Quarterly Assessment Second Quarter SCIENCE 8 GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS. Do not write anything on this test paper. After carefully reading all the questions, reflect all your answers on the separate ANSWER SHEET. Shade the circle that corresponds to your chosen answer. 1. During an earthquake, the Earth's crust experiences sudden movements. What do you call the surface along which the movement of rocks occurs in an earthquake? a. Fault b. Crust c. Epicenter d. Seismic wave 2. A fault is a fracture in the Earth's crust where movement has occurred, while an earthquake is the result of this movement causing seismic waves. Based on this understanding, which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship between faults and earthquakes? a. Faults are formed by earthquakes. b. Earthquakes occur only at the surface of the Earth. c. Faults are cracks in the Earth that remain stationary. d. Earthquakes are caused by sudden movements along faults. Carefully examine the diagram below to answer numbers 3- 4. 3. Which type of fault is characterized by vertical movement where the hanging wall moves downward relative to the footwall? a. Normal fault b. Strike-slip fault c. Reverse fault d. Transform fault  4. The release of significant potential energy during earthquakes, driven by movements along different fault types, poses critical considerations for urban planning and construction. Which of the following statements suggest strategies that architects and engineers should consider when designing structures in earthquake-prone areas? a. Architects and engineers should design buildings to withstand seismic activity by considering fault types, using flexible materials, and strengthening structures against lateral forces. b. Architects and engineers should focus only on emergency response plans since fault movements are unpredictable and uncontrollable. c. Architects and engineers should encourage urban development directly on fault lines to closely monitor fault movements. d. Architects and engineers should rely solely on early warning systems without modifying building designs. For numbers 5 – 8, refer to the diagram below. 5. Which point on the diagram represents the location directly above where the earthquake originates? a. Focus b. Fault line c.Epicenter d. Seismic wave 6. The intensity of an earthquake refers to the severity of shaking and its effects at different locations on the Earth's surface. How does the location of the epicenter affect the intensity of the earthquake experienced at the surface? a. The epicenter does not affect the intensity of the earthquake. b. The intensity of the earthquake is the same at all points on the Earth's surface. c. The intensity of the earthquake is weakest at the epicenter and increases with distance from the epicenter. d. The intensity of the earthquake is usually strongest at the epicenter and decreases with distance from the epicenter. 7. The magnitude of an earthquake measures the energy released at its source. Which instrument is used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake? a. Thermometer b.Barometer c.Seismograph d.Anemometer 8. What distinguishes earthquake intensity from magnitude? a. Intensity measures the earthquake's energy release, while magnitude measures its effects. b. Intensity measures the strength of seismic waves, while magnitude measures geological displacement. c. Intensity is a qualitative measure of shaking's effects, while magnitude is a quantitative measure of energy.  d. Intensity is measured on the Richter scale, while magnitude is measured on the Mercalli scale. Read and understand the given scenario. Then answer questions 9 – 12. Scenario: An earthquake with a magnitude of 7.5 struck the coastal city of Tremonton. The earthquake caused significant structural damage in the downtown area, with older buildings collapsing and newer buildings suffering less damage. The suburban areas experienced mild tremors with little to no structural damage. Casualties were higher in the downtown area compared to the suburbs. 9. Based on the scenario, which statement best explains the relationship between earthquake magnitude and intensity in Tremonton? a. Magnitude measures the energy released by an earthquake, while intensity measures the extent of damage and human impact. b. Magnitude and intensity are always directly proportional; a higher magnitude always results in higher intensity. c. Intensity is a scientific measurement, whereas magnitude is based on human observations and reports. d. The intensity of an earthquake remains constant across all affected areas, while the magnitude varies. 10. Given the varied levels of damage in different parts of Tremonton, which factor most likely contributed to the difference in earthquake intensity experienced in the downtown area compared to the suburban areas? a. The suburban areas were closer to the earthquake's epicenter. b. The downtown area had better building infrastructure and earthquake preparedness. c. The geological characteristics of the downtown area amplified the earthquake's effects. d. The magnitude of the earthquake was higher in the downtown area than in the suburban areas. 11. Which statement best evaluates the impact of building infrastructure on earthquake intensity in Tremonton? a. Earthquake-resistant buildings reduce the magnitude of an earthquake. b. Newer buildings are always unaffected by high-magnitude earthquakes. c. Older buildings increase the earthquake's magnitude and intensity. d. The age and construction quality of buildings influence the perceived intensity of an earthquake. 12. Considering the aftermath of the earthquake in Tremonton, which of the following plans would be most effective for future preparedness. a. Educate the public on how to measure earthquake magnitude using the Richter scale. b. Implement stricter building codes to reduce intensity-related damage in high-risk areas. c. Develop a city-wide network of seismographs to increase the magnitude of future earthquakes  d. Focus solely on reducing the magnitude of earthquakes through advanced technology. Refer to this scenario below to answer questions 13– 15. Scenario: A geology team is conducting a survey in Region X, known for its diverse geological features. They are mapping various fault lines and need to determine which ones are active and which are inactive. The region has a history of seismic activity, but some areas have been quiet for thousands of years. 13. The geology team found a fault line that has shown recent seismic activity within the last 100 years. Based on this information, how should the team classify this fault line? a. Inactive fault b. Active fault c.Dormant fault d. Extinct fault 14. During their survey, the team discovers two fault lines: Fault A has visible signs of movement and recent earthquakes, while Fault B shows no signs of movement for over 10,000 years. What can the team infer about these faults? a. Both Fault A and Fault B are active faults. b. Fault A is active, and Fault B is inactive. c. Fault A is inactive, and Fault B is active. d. Both Fault A and Fault B are inactive faults. 15. The team is assessing a fault line that has had no recorded seismic activity for over 5,000 years but is located in a region with frequent earthquakes. Which factor is most important in determining if this fault is active or inactive? a. The length of the fault line b. The type of rocks surrounding the fault line c. The proximity of the fault line to recent earthquakes d. Historical records of seismic activity along the fault line. Refer to the illustration below to answer questions 16-20 Seismic waves are generated by earthquakes and travel through the Earth's interior and surface. These waves provide critical information about the structure and composition of the Earth. There are several types of seismic waves, each with distinct characteristics and behaviors. Refer to the illustration of different seismic waves to answer the following questions. 16. Which type of seismic wave travels the fastest through the Earth? a. P-waves b. S-waves c. Love waves d. Rayleigh waves 17. Which type of seismic wave is shown bending as it travels through the Earth? a. S-waves b. P-waves c. Love waves d. Rayleigh waves 18. Referring to the diagram, what is a primary characteristic of P- waves? a. They move in a circular motion. b. They are the slowest seismic waves. c. They travel through both solids and liquids. d. They cause the most damage on the surface. 19. Which statement accurately describes S-waves? a. S-waves are faster than P-waves. b. S-waves cannot travel through liquids. c. S-waves move in a rolling motion. d. S-waves cause the most surface damage. 20. What happens to seismic waves as they travel through different layers of the Earth? a. They travel at the same speed. c. They disappear. b. They change speed and direction. d.They only travel through the crust. Refer to the diagram below, answer the questions from 21-24. 21. What is the innermost layer of the earth called? a. Mantle b. Outer core c. Crust d. Inner core 22. Which layer of the Earth is liquid? a. Mantle b. Outer core c. Crust d. Inner core 23. Based on the diagram, how did scientists determine that the outer core is liquid? a. By observing that P-waves do not travel through the outer core. b. By noting that S-waves cannot travel through the outer core. c. By measuring the temperature of the outer core directly. d. By detecting surface waves in the outer core. 24. Seismic waves travel at different speeds and paths depending on the material they pass through, which helps scientists infer the Earth's internal structure. How do the changes in the speed and direction of seismic waves support the idea that the Earth is layered? a. Seismic waves travel at a constant speed and direction through all layers, indicating uniform composition. b. Seismic waves change speed and bend as they pass through different layers, indicating varying compositions and states of matter. c. Seismic waves stop completely at certain layers, indicating solid barriers. d. Seismic waves only travel through the Earth's crust, providing no information about deeper layers 25. What natural phenomenon involves the formation of a large storm system over warm ocean waters? a. Earthquake b. Typhoon c. Volcano d. Tornado 26. How does warm ocean water contribute to the development of a typhoon? a. It cools down the air above it. b. It creates dry conditions that prevent typhoon formation. c. It stabilizes the atmosphere, preventing storm development. d. It provides energy and moisture needed for the typhoon to form and strengthen. 27. Typhoons are powerful tropical cyclones that form over warm ocean waters near the equator. They develop distinct characteristics influenced by surrounding landmasses and bodies of water. How does the presence of warm ocean currents contribute to the intensity of a typhoon? a.By increasing the evaporation rate, which provides energy. b.By reducing wind speed, which limits cyclone formation. c.By decreasing the water temperature, which stabilizes the atmosphere. d.By generating high-pressure systems, which suppress cyclone development. 28. Which landforms are likely to influence the path and strength of a typhoon? a. Mountains and valleys c. Plateaus and lakes b. Plains and deserts d. Forests and rivers 29. Based on the figures below, which typhoons forms within the Philippine area of Responsibility (PAR)? A. Agaton and Harurot B. Yoyong and Huaning C. Agaton and Huaning D. Harurot and Yoyong Refer to the illustration below to answer the questions from 30-32 Below is a figure illustrating the development and formation of Typhoon Odette, showing its path, timeline of entry into the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR), and its exit from the PAR. Study the figure carefully to understand the different stages of Typhoon Odette's progression and the factors influencing its development. Use this information to answer the following questions. 30. Where did tropical storm Odette form? a. Arctic Ocean b. Atlantic Ocean c. Indian Ocean d. Pacific Ocean 31. According to the figure, when did Typhoon Odette enter the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR)? a. On December 16 c. On December 18 b. On December 14 d. On December 20 32. Based on the figure, what direction did Typhoon Odette primarily travel while inside the PAR? a. Northwest b. Southeast c. Southwest d. Northeast Use the information from the figure to answer the questions from 33-35. On the left is a figure illustrating the anatomy of a typhoon and the overall structure and characteristics of a typhoon. Study the figure carefully to understand the various elements that make up a typhoon and their roles in its development and impact. 33. Discuss how the formation of the eye and eyewall in a typhoon contributes to its overall energy distribution and intensity. a. The eye and eyewall concentrate the typhoon's energy, creating a calm center in the eye and severe conditions in the eyewall, leading to high intensity. b. The eye and eyewall distribute the typhoon's energy evenly, which reduces its overall intensity. c. The eye and eyewall have no significant effect on the typhoon’s energy distribution and intensity. d. The eye and eyewall are purely visual features with no impact on the typhoon's energy or intensity. 34. How does the intensity of the weather change as you move from the eye to the outer bands of the typhoon? a. The intensity increases steadily. b. The intensity remains constant. c. The intensity is highest in the outer bands. d. The intensity decreases, with the strongest winds and heaviest rains found in the eyewall. 35. Considering the structure of the typhoon, why is it important for meteorologists to understand the varying intensity of different parts as one moves farther from the eye?  a. It helps them predict the exact time of landfall. b. It improves forecasting of damage and necessary precautions. c. It allows them to measure the size of the typhoon. d. It has no significant impact on forecasting. Use the information below to answer the questions from 36 to 37. Typhoon Sendong, internationally known as Typhoon Washi, struck the Philippines in December 2011, leaving a lasting impact on various regions, particularly in Mindanao. The map provided illustrates its path through the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR), showing its trajectory and key locations affected. Examine the map of Typhoon Sendong's path and the provided latitude-longitude data. 36. Based on the traced path of Typhoon Sendong in the PAR, what direction did it generally follow as it moved across the Philippines? a. Northwest to Southeast c. East to West b. Southwest to Northeast d. South to North 37. What area in the Philippines was greatly affected by Typhoon Sendong based on its traced path? a. Luzon b. Visayas c. Mindanao d. Palawan Refer to the illustration given below to answer the questions from 38 to 45. The characteristics of comets, meteors and asteroids are given in the table below. Use this data to answer the following questions. 38. Differentiating comets, meteors, and asteroids based on their unique characteristics helps in understanding their distinct roles in space. Which celestial body is primarily known for its tail composed of gas and dust particles when it approaches the Sun? a. Comet b. Meteor c. Asteroid d. Meteorite 39. Before comparing comets, meteors, and asteroids, it's crucial to understand their basic definitions and characteristics. Which celestial body is primarily composed of rocky and metallic materials and is often found in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter? a. Comet b. Meteor c. Asteroid d. Meteorite 40. Which of the following statements is true about meteors? a. They are composed primarily of ice and dust. b. They are rocky and metallic and found in the asteroid belt. c. They are visible as shooting stars when entering Earth's atmosphere. d. They have tails when they approach the Sun. 41. Evaluating the role of comets, meteors, and asteroids in the solar system requires understanding their impact on Earth and space exploration. Which of the following statements tells us the potential threats posed by comets, meteors, and asteroids to Earth and its inhabitants. a. Comets pose the greatest threat due to their high speed and unpredictability. b. Asteroids are the most dangerous due to their solid composition and potential for impact.  c. Meteors present minimal threats as they burn up in Earth's atmosphere. d. All three celestial bodies pose significant threats depending on their size and trajectory. 42. What defines a comet based on its characteristics? a. A rocky body was found mainly in the asteroid belt. b. A small particle that burns up in Earth's atmosphere. c. A body composed of ice, dust, and rocky material with a visible tail near the Sun. d. A metallic object originating from the Kuiper Belt. 43. Which region of the solar system do comets primarily originate from? a. Asteroid Belt c. Kuiper Belt and Oort Cloud b. Inside Earth's atmosphere d. Interstellar space 44. What is a shared characteristic between asteroids and meteors? a. Both are primarily composed of ice and dust. b. Both have tails when they approach the Sun. c. Both can be found in the asteroid belt. d. Both can impact Earth's atmosphere. 45. Assess the potential hazards posed by comets, meteors, and asteroids based on their composition and orbital paths. a. Comets pose the greatest threat due to their volatile composition. b. Asteroids are less hazardous due to their predictable orbits. c. Meteors present minimal threats as they burn up in Earth's atmosphere. d. All three celestial bodies can potentially impact Earth, depending on their size and trajectory. For numbers 46-48, refer to the map of the distribution of active faults and trenches in the Philippines found at the last page. 46. Based on the map, which regions in the Philippines are near active faults? a. Northern Luzon, Central Visayas, and Mindanao b. Western Luzon, Eastern Visayas, and Palawan c. Bicol Region, Southern Mindanao, and Sulu Archipelago d. Central Luzon, Northern Mindanao, and Ilocos Region 47. Active faults are more likely to produce earthquakes because they have had recent movements, while inactive faults have not moved for a long time and are less likely to cause earthquakes. Based on the map. How can distinguishing between active and inactive faults help in disaster preparedness? a. By focusing earthquake monitoring and preparedness efforts on areas near active faults, as they are more likely to experience seismic activity. b. By ignoring both active and inactive faults, as they do not impact earthquake preparedness.  c. By prioritizing areas near inactive faults for earthquake drills and infrastructure improvements. d. By assuming all faults have the same level of activity and potential for causing earthquakes. 48. Considering the locations of active faults on the map, what measures can the local governments implement to reduce earthquake risks in these areas. a. Only addressing earthquake risks in areas far from active faults. b. Encouraging restricted construction and development in areas near active faults. c. Ignoring the presence of active faults and focusing on other types of natural disasters. d. Enforce strict building codes, conduct regular earthquake drills, and establish early warning systems near active faults. 49. El Niño and La Niña are climate phenomena that significantly impact global weather patterns. El Niño is characterized by warmer-than-average sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean, whereas La Niña is marked by cooler-than-average sea surface temperatures in the same regions. Compare the impact of El Niño and La Niña on typhoon frequency in the Philippines. a. El Niño increases typhoon frequency, while La Niña decreases it. b. El Niño decreases typhoon frequency, while La Niña increases it. c. Both El Niño and La Niña decrease typhoon frequency. d. Both El Niño and La Niña increase typhoon frequency. 50. What is the central part of a typhoon called? a. Eye b. Rainbands c.Eyewall d.Outer bands ______________________________________________________