RRB Current Affairs (General Awareness) Jan-Sep 2024 PDF Download

Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam CURRENT AFFAIRS 2024 CONTENTS CURRENT AFFAIRS JAN-2024 2 CURRENT AFFAIRS FEB-2024...

Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam CURRENT AFFAIRS 2024 CONTENTS CURRENT AFFAIRS JAN-2024 2 CURRENT AFFAIRS FEB-2024 45 CURRENT AFFAIRS MAR-2024 92 CURRENT AFFAIRS APR-2024 136 CURRENT AFFAIRS MAY-2024 180 CURRENT AFFAIRS JUN-2024 214 CURRENT AFFAIRS JUL-2024 257 CURRENT AFFAIRS AUG-2024 301 CURRENT AFFAIRS SEP-2024 www.RRBExamPortal.com Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  ‭Important Disclaimer:‬ ‭RRB EXAM PORTAL is not at all associated with‬ ‭Railway Recruitment Board.‬ ‭For Railway Recruitment Board(RRB) official website,‬ ‭visit Indian Railways Web Portal.‬ ‭वैधानिक चेतावनी:‬ ‭RRB EXAM PORTAL वेबसाइट किसी भी प्रकार से रे लवे भर्ती‬ ‭बोर्ड (RRB) के साथ संबद्ध नहीं है |‬ ‭रे लवे भर्ती बोर्ड (RRB) की आधिकारिक लिंक पर जाने के लिए‬ ‭भारतीय रे लवे की वेबसाइट पर विजिट करें |‬  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam CURRENT AFFAIRS JAN-2024 The scheme is expected to provide admissions The Hindu Current Affairs Week-1 to around 3,000 students in Classes 9 and 11 NATIONAL each year. The core objectives of the scheme are to #1 enhance the reach of the development Scheme for Residential Education for Students in initiatives of the government and fill in the gap High Schools in Targeted Areas in service-deprived SC dominant areas in the education sector. www.RRBExamPortal.com The Central Board of Secondary Education The scheme will collaborate with voluntary (CBSE) recently issued instructions for organisations to provide an environment that Residential Private Schools interested in joining can help create conditions for socio-economic SHRESHTA Scheme. upliftment and the overall development of the About Scheme for Residential Education for SC communities. Students in High Schools in Targeted Areas Implementation agency: The Department of (SHRESHTA): Social Justice and Empowerment, Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment. The scheme aims to provide access to the best The scheme is being implemented in two private residential schools for meritorious modes. students from Scheduled Caste (SC) First, there are SHRESHTA schools, which communities. consist of the best CBSE/ state board-affiliated It will provide scholarships to meritorious private residential schools. students from SC communities to study in Under SHRESHTA, outstanding students from private and NGO-run residential schools for SC communities, across states and UTs, will be Classes 9-12. selected annually through the National Entrance Test for SHRESHTA (NETS) and will be admitted Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam to these schools for education in Classes 9 The ICMR had released the first NEDL in 2019 through 12. to make the availability of diagnostics an The schools that will be part of this scheme will essential component of the healthcare system. be selected based on a performance score of The list includes general laboratory tests for a above 75 percent pass rate in Class 10 and 12 broad range of common conditions for the board examinations over the past three years. diagnosis of communicable and The second mode is based on NGO and non-communicable diseases, disease-specific voluntary organisation-run schools and hostels. tests for HIV, hepatitis, tuberculosis, dengue, The institutions run by such organisations that malaria, and area-endemic diseases. run up to Class 12 will also be made part of the India is the first country to release the NEDL. scheme. Since 2018, the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends the development and Eligibility: implementation of a National Essential Students whose annual parental income is less Diagnostics List (NEDL) to facilitate the than Rs 2,50,000 and who belong to SC availability of In-Vitro Diagnostics (IVDs) across communities are eligible to participate in this the various tiers of the healthcare pyramid, scheme. facilities with or without a laboratory onsite. Only those candidates who have passed or are What are Essential diagnostic tests? appearing in Class VIII/X in the given academic session can apply for admission to Class IX/XI. These are defined as those "that satisfy the The scheme will cover the tuition fee, the hostel priority healthcare needs of the population and fee, and the mess fees for qualifying students. are selected with due regard to disease Students will also be allowed to choose from a prevalence and public health relevance, range of schools based on their merit. evidence of efficacy and accuracy, and www.RRBExamPortal.com comparative cost-effectiveness”. #2 The test should focus on conditions with a high National Essential Diagnostics List disease burden or having significant public health relevance, where the introduction of a The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) diagnostic test will have a clear impact on has begun the process of revising the current disease diagnosis and management. National Essential Diagnostics List (NEDL) and invited relevant stakeholders to offer #3 suggestions on adding or deleting diagnostic Indian Tectonic Plate tests to the current list by the end of February. Researchers recently unveiled new seismic data About the National Essential Diagnostics List: indicating that the Indian tectonic plate is The NEDL lists the essential and most basic splitting in two beneath the Tibetan plateau. tests that should be available at various levels About Indian Tectonic Plate: of healthcare facilities in the country, including at the village level, in sub-health centres, health It is a minor tectonic plate. and wellness centres, and primary health It is bound by four major tectonic plates. North centres. of the Indian plate is the Eurasian plate; to the south east is the Australian plate; to the Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam south-west is the African plate; and to the west sanctorum), a circumambulatory passage is the Arabian plate. around it, and one or more mandapas (halls). As the Indian plate moves northward relative to Shikhara is a symbolic representation of the the Eurasian plate and collides with it, a cosmic order and the divine presence. convergent boundary is created. There are five modes of shikhara design: On the opposite side, the Indo-African boundary Valabhi, Phamsana, Latina, Shekhari, and is divergent. Bhumija. The western Indo-Arabian boundary is lateral Valabhi and Phamsana are Early Nagara modes, relative to each other, giving rise to a transform derived from barrel-roofed wooden structures. boundary. Latina is a single, slightly curved tower with four It was previously thought that the Indian and equal sides, dominant for three centuries. Australian plates formed one single plate as Shekhari and Bhumija are composite Latinas there is no clear type of boundary but recent with attached sub-spires or miniature spires, seismologic evidence suggests that the two creating a complex and ornate appearance. plates will have a transform boundary, as the These modes are scholastic classifications, not drift velocities of these two plates are different rigid categories. There is much variation and even if the general direction of motion of the innovation within and across these modes. two plates is similar. INTERNATIONAL The collision of the Indian plate with the Eurasian plate about 50 million years ago #1 resulted in the erection of the Himalayan Mountains. Cabo Verde As the Indian plate is still active today and drifts Recently, the World Health Organization (WHO) at a velocity of about 5 cm per year, has certified Cabo Verde (also known as Cape earthquakes occur in the northern part of the www.RRBExamPortal.com Verde) as a malaria-free country. plate. Cabo Verde has become the third country to #4 acquire the status in the global health organisation’s African region. The country has Nagara style now joined Mauritius and Algeria, who were certified in 1973 and 2019, respectively. The Ram temple in Ayodhya will be inaugurated on January 22. The complex is in the Nagara About Cabo Verde: style of temple architecture, designed by 81-year-old Chandrakant Sompura and his It is also known as Cape Verde which 51-year-old son Ashish. comprises a group of islands that lie off the west coast of Africa. About the Nagara style: It is located nearby Senegal and is the nearest point on the continent. Nagara architecture is a classical architecture This volcanic archipelago includes ten islands of temple design in northern India, contrasted and five islets, divided into the windward with Dravida architecture in southern India. (Barlavento) and leeward (Sotavento) groups. Nagara temples have a shikhara (mountain peak) over the garbha griha (sanctum Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam Climate: Generally moderate, the climate is ESA contributes a lunar surface ion tester, while characterized by stable temperatures with CNES provides equipment for measuring radon extreme aridity. gas and its decay products. The terrain of the Cabo Verde islands varies Additionally, an Italian laser corner reflector for from the geologically older, flatter islands in the radar instrument calibration and Pakistan's east and the newer, more mountainous islands ICUBE-Q CubeSat will be part of the mission. in the west. Chang'e 6 will consist of both a lander and a Population: The overwhelming majority of the rover. population of Cabo Verde is of mixed European The lander will touch down on the lunar surface, and African descent and is often referred to as while the rover will explore specific regions, mestiço or Crioulo. conduct experiments, and aid in the sample Capital: Praia collection process. Languages spoken: Portuguese and Cape The returned samples will be made available to Verdean Creole the global scientific community for study. #2 #3 Chang'e 6 Mission Asian Buddhist Conference for Peace (ABCP) The China National Space Administration The Indian Vice President recently inaugurated (CNSA) recently announced that the Chang’e 6 the 12th General Assembly of the Asian sample return mission is on track to land on the Buddhist Conference for Peace in New Delhi. surface of the Moon in the first half of 2024. About Asian Buddhist Conference for Peace About Chang’e 6 Mission: (ABCP): The Chang'e 6 mission is a planned lander It was founded in 1970 in Ulaanbaatar, www.RRBExamPortal.com designed to return samples from the lunar Mongolia, as a voluntary movement of followers south pole. of Buddhism with both monastic (monks) and The mission aims to land on the Moon, collect lay members. samples from the lunar surface, and return Its aim is to bring together the efforts of them to Earth. This process will contribute Buddhists in support of consolidating universal crucial data to unravel the Moon's geological peace, harmony, and cooperation among people mysteries. in Asia. Representing the first attempt to retrieve It is currently headquartered at the Ganden samples from the far side of the Moon, Chang'e Tegchenling Monastery in Ulaanbaatar, 6 is set to bring back up to two kilograms of Mongolia, and the Supreme Head of Mongolian lunar samples, adopting a configuration similar Buddhists is the ABCP President. to the successful Chang'e 5 mission. History: The mission involves international collaboration, with payloads from the European The roots of founding of ABCP lay in the Cold Space Agency (ESA) and the French space War politics of peace movements, and agency CNES. consolidation of allies, and building popular outreach among the masses through various organisations. Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam Most Venerable Gabji Samaagiin Gombojav, It’s a system that’s managed by everyone and Khambo Lama of Mongolia, Venerable J. its benefits are shared. Gomboyev from Buriat, Khambo Lama of the Some of the region’s qanat systems, like those former Soviet Union, Venerable Kushok Bakula in Iran, are protected under heritage status. Rinpoche from India, and Buddhist leaders from Significance of the system Sri Lanka and Nepal came together and officially founded the Asian Buddhist The qanat is sustainable as it works with gravity Conference for Peace (ABCP) in 1970 with a and no electricity is needed. It can even be used permanent headquarters in Ulaanbaatar. to create clean energy. It drew active participation from Mongolia, Water lost to evaporation is minimal in Japan, India, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Bhutan, comparison to surface water supplies. Russian Far East, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and other It can have a wide scale impact. Qanats are regional countries. multiple kilometres long and once this water ABCP was registered as an observer to the UN’s hits a floodplain, it can irrigate multiple hectares Economic and Social Council in 1988 in of land. recognition of its contribution to the well-being It fosters social cohesion. Many people, with of humanity. different skills, are involved in maintaining the system. #4 The lifespan of the system extends beyond that Qanat system of a deep water well, which is only about 20 years. Tunnels do not clog as easily as wells. Some of Africa’s dry areas face serious water The quality of water coming from the shortages due to minimal rainfall. An ancient mountains is much better than water on the system of drawing water from aquifers, the plains. It’ll have lower salinity and be better for “qanat system”, could help. www.RRBExamPortal.com crops and people. About Qanat system: #5 It is an ancient type of water-supply system, Isopod developed and still used in arid regions of the world. An international team of marine biologists It taps underground mountain water sources recently discovered a unique isopod, a form of trapped in and beneath the upper reaches of crustacean, that has been formally identified as alluvial fans and channels the water downhill a new species of the genus Booralana. through a series of gently sloping tunnels. About Isopod: The qanats have been used for centuries in arid and semi-arid parts of north Africa, the Middle Isopods are an order of invertebrates (animals East and Asia, where water supplies are limited. without backbones) that belong to the greater It’s known by a variety of names, “foggara” in crustacean group of animals, which includes north Africa, “falaj” in Oman and “qarez” in parts crabs and shrimp. of Asia. Scientists estimate that there are around 10,000 Many old qanāts are still used in Iran and species of isopods (all belonging to the order Afghanistan, chiefly for irrigation. “Isopoda”). Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam They also live in many different types of Lentil is also called as Masur and Malka (bold habitats, from mountains and deserts to the seeded). deep sea, and they are distributed worldwide. Climatic condition Features: Lentil requires cold climate. They are one of the most morphologically It is very hardy and can tolerate frost and severe diverse of all the crustacean groups, coming in winter to a great extent. many different shapes and sizes and ranging It requires cold temperature during its from micrometres to a half-metre in length. vegetative growth and warm temperature at the Isopods often do not look alike, but they do time of maturity. have common features. For example, all Temperature: The optimum temperature for isopods have two pairs of antennae, compound growth is 18-30C. Its range of cultivation eyes, and four sets of jaws. extends to an altitude of 3,500 m in north-west The body of all isopods consists of seven hills. segments, each with its own pair of walking Soil: Well drained, loam soils with neutral legs. reaction are best for lentil cultivation. Acidic Isopods have a short abdominal section soils are not fit for growing lentil. composed of six segments, called “pleons,” and #2 one or more of these segments is fused into a tail section. Windfall Tax About half of the known species of isopods live in the ocean. Others live in coastal and shelf India cut its windfall tax on petroleum crude to waters, moving around on the seafloor or living 1,700 rupees ($20.53) a tonne from 2,300 in plants. rupees a tonne, according to a recent Most are free-living, but a number of marine government notification. www.RRBExamPortal.com species are parasitic on other animals. About the Windfall Tax: It is a tax levied by governments against certain BUSINESS & ECONOMY industries when economic conditions allow those industries to experience significantly #1 above-average profits. The term “windfall” refers to an unexpected rise Lentil Production in profits, and the tax on windfall gains is known India is set to become the world’s largest as the windfall tax. producer of lentil (masoor) during the 2023-24 When is it imposed? crop years on account of higher acreage. When the government notices a sudden About Lentil:It is a valuable human food, mostly increase in an industry's revenue, they impose consumed as dry seeds. this tax. In India, it’s mostly consumed as ‘Dal’ by However, these revenues cannot be linked to removal of outer skin and separation of anything the company actively pursues, such as cotyledons. its business strategy or expansion. Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam Rather, it is related to a one-off external event could unduly influence the general public before for which the business is not responsible. the commencement of voting. Consequently, a Windfall Tax is imposed on an The Parliament passes a Vote-on-account to industry's profits when it experiences a sharp meet essential expenditures such as salaries of increase in revenue due to unrelated external central government staff, funding of ongoing events. projects, and other government expenditures. A recent example is the sudden rise in the In other words, it accounts for only profits of the oil and gas industries due to the expenditures to be borne by the outgoing Russia-Ukraine conflict. government for a period of two months, which The unexpected windfalls are taxed by the may be extended to four months on special government over and above the normal tax circumstances. rates. The interim budget serves as a financial plan The most common industries that fall target to during a transitional period, typically when there windfall gains tax include oil, gas, and mining. are only a few months left in the current government's tenure. The vote-on-account can #3 be approved within the framework of the interim Interim Budget and Vote-On-Account budget. Like a full budget, an interim budget will be The Finance Minister is all set to present her discussed and passed in the Lok Sabha, and in sixth Budget in a row and since it is a general the case of a vote-on-account, it will be passed elections year, the government will be allowed without any formal discussion as such. only to present an Interim Budget or An interim budget can propose changes in the Vote-on-account instead of a regular full tax regime, whereas a vote-on-account cannot Budget. change the tax regime under any About Interim Budget vs Vote-On-Account: www.RRBExamPortal.com circumstances. Vote-On-Account is a parliamentary approval for An interim budget serves as a framework for withdrawing money from the Consolidated Fund managing provisional expenditures over a short of India from April to June/July or until the new duration, usually spanning a few months, until a Government presents its full-fledged budget. new government takes office at the central It can be termed an advance grant, interim level. arrangement, and authorisation for the outgoing An interim budget generally includes the current government to draw the money from the state of the economy, plan and non-plan above-said fund and meet short-term expenditures and receipts, changes in tax rates, expenditures. revised estimates of the current financial year, As far as validity is concerned, the interim and estimates for the coming financial year. budget is valid throughout the year whereas the Despite being presented for the entire year, vote-on-account is valid only for a period of two similar to a regular budget, the interim budget is to four months. subject to constraints imposed by the Election Commission. #4 These constraints aim to prevent the Yen Denominated Green Bonds government from implementing policies that Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam REC Limited, a Maharatna and a Central Public Institution (PFI) and an Infrastructure Financing Sector Enterprise (CPSE) under the Ministry of Company (IFC). Power, has achieved a significant milestone by issuing its inaugural Japanese Yen (JPY) 61.1 billion green bonds under the Global Medium SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Term Notes Programme. #1 About the Yen Denominated Green Bonds: Light-Emitting Diodes It is REC Limited’s eleventh venture into the international bond market and inaugural Yen Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) succeed the Bond issuance, which is also the first Yen Green incandescent bulbs and fluorescent lamps of Bonds issuance by any Indian PSU. previous centuries as the world’s light-source of Time period: 5-year, 5.25-year and 10-year choice. bonds issued at yield of 1.76%, 1.79% and About the Light-Emitting Diodes: 2.20% respectively It is the largest ever Euro-Yen issuance in South A diode is an electronic component which has and South East Asia. two points of contact, or terminals, called its It is the largest Yen-denominated issuance from anode and cathode. India. A diode’s primary purpose is to allow current to Largest non-sovereign Yen-denominated flow in only one direction. issuance ever from South and South East Asia. An LED is a semiconductor device which emits The transaction witnessed interest from both light when electric current flows through it. Japanese and international accounts, with the It can produce all three primary colours – red, number of orders from each at 50%, green, and blue – different LEDs can be international allocation being one of the highest combined on a display board to produce a large www.RRBExamPortal.com for any other Indian Yen deal. variety of colours. These bonds will be rated Baa3/BBB–/BBB+ Advantages of LED: (Moody's/Fitch/JCR) and will be listed exclusively on Global Securities Market of India Energy Efficiency: It requires far less electricity International Exchange (India INX) and NSE to produce the same light as incandescent IFSC in GIFT City, Gandhinagar, Gujarat. bulbs. LEDs use approximately 75-80% less energy than traditional incandescent bulbs. Key facts about REC Limited Durability: LED bulbs are highly durable and REC Limited (formerly Rural Electrification resistant to shocks, vibrations, and temperature Corporation Limited) is a Central Public Sector fluctuations. Undertaking under the Ministry of Power Instant Illumination: It provides instant involved in financing projects in the complete illumination without the warm-up period power sector value chain from generation to required by incandescent bulbs. distribution. Heat Generation: LED bulbs generate very little It is registered with the RBI as a Non-Banking heat, making them safer to handle and more Finance Company (NBFC), a Public Financial efficient in terms of energy utilisation. Environmental Impact: LEDs have a significantly lower environmental impact compared to Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam incandescent. The energy efficiency and longer They are found in all temperate and tropical lifespan result in reduced greenhouse gas regions of the world where there is sufficient emissions and less waste. moisture to enable them to grow. #2 Paramyrothecium indicum Scientists recently discovered a new species of fungus in Kerala, named ‘Paramyrothecium indicum’. About Paramyrothecium indicum: It is a new species of phytopathogenic fungus. Phytopathogens are parasites surviving on a plant host. Most of Paramyrothecium are phytopathogens. They are responsible for “serious plant diseases which might negatively affect crop productivity. Paramyrothecium leaf spots are a type of #3 fungal disease that can affect a variety of plants. Caddisflies Some species of Paramyrothecium produce Researchers at Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah secondary metabolites with bio-herbicidal University recently discovered a novel species potentials and, therefore, may find application in of Caddisfly, named Rhyacophila masudi sp. controlling weeds. www.RRBExamPortal.com nov., in Jammu and Kashmir. Key Facts about Fungi: About Caddisflies: Fungi, along with Animalia (animals), Plantae Caddisflies are moth-like insects that are (plants), Protista, Archaea/Archaebacteria, and attracted to lights at night and live near lakes or Bacteria or Eubacteria, form the six ‘kingdoms’ rivers. of biology. Distribution: They are found worldwide, usually Fungi includes the yeasts, rusts, smuts, in freshwater habitats but sometimes in mildews, molds, and mushrooms. brackish and tidal waters. They are eukaryotic organisms, i.e., their cells contain membrane-bound organelles and Features: clearly defined nuclei. Adult caddisflies are commonly 3 to 15 Reproduction: Fungi usually reproduce both millimetres in length. sexually and asexually. Generally dull brownish, adult caddisflies Distribution: resemble moths, with hairy wings and long antennae, but caddisflies do not have the long Fungi are either terrestrial or aquatic, the latter syphoning mouthparts that butterflies and living in freshwater or marine environments. moths have. Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam Caddisflies hold their wings tent-like over their It detects X-rays with energies ranging from 400 bodies when they are not flying. to 12,000 electron volts. (For comparison, the Like stoneflies, mayflies, and dobsonflies, energy of visible light is 2 to 3 electron volts.) immature caddisflies are aquatic, living in This range will provide astrophysicists with new streams and lakes. information about some of the universe's Caddisfly larvae look similar to the larvae of hottest regions, largest structures, and objects mayflies, aquatic beetles, and other aquatic with the strongest gravity. insects, but can usually be distinguished by the Future Moon Missions: presence of a "case." They feed primarily on plant juices and flower ISRO (India): LUPEX with JAXA, Chandrayaan-4 nectar, though a few are predaceous. NASA (USA): Lunar Trailblazer Mission, Viper Rover, Artemis 2-6 (Manned mission). #4 ROSCOSMOS (Russia): LUNA 26-28, ORYOL Japan’s Moon Mission - SLIM CNSA (China): Chang'e 6-8 JAXA (Japan): Destiny+ Japan recently landed a spacecraft called SLIM (Smart Lander for Investigating Moon) on the lunar surface, becoming the 5th country after the Soviet Union, the US, China and India to achieve a soft landing on the moon. About SLIM: SPORTS SLIM was launched by the Japan Aerospace #1 Exploration Agency (JAXA) in September 2023 aboard the H-IIA rocket from the Tanegashima The Best FIFA Football Awards 2024: Key Winners www.RRBExamPortal.com spaceport. and Highlights It aims to demonstrate precision landing within Men’s Player of the Year: Lionel Messi 100 metres through new technologies. It also carried two mini robotic rovers developed Lionel Messi, playing for Argentina and Inter by Sony and Tomy for reconnaissance. Miami, won the Best FIFA Men’s Player award, The mission aims to revitalise Japan's space edging out Erling Haaland in a tiebreaker. program which suffered setbacks like the Messi and Haaland both scored 48 points, but failure of the flagship H3 rocket in March 2023. Messi received more points from national captains. Objectives: Messi is the first footballer to win this award The mission aims to observe X-rays coming three times​. from deep space and to identify their Women’s Player of the Year: Aitana Bonmati wavelengths with unprecedented precision. It will use state-of-the-art spectroscopy to Aitana Bonmati, from Barcelona and the measure changes in the brightness of celestial Spanish national team, claimed the Best FIFA objects at different wavelengths. Women’s Player award. Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam Bonmati had an extraordinary year, winning the MISCELLANEOUS World Cup, Spanish League, Spanish Super Cup, #1 and the Champions League with Barcelona. She made history by winning all the titles she Guruvayur Temple contested in a season and being voted the best player in all of them​​. The Prime Minister, who is on a two-day visit to Kerala, offered prayers at Sreekrishna Temple, Men’s Coach of the Year: Pep Guardiola Guruvayur, recently. Pep Guardiola, the coach of Manchester City, About Guruvayur Temple: was named the Best Men’s Coach. Under his leadership, Manchester City achieved Guruvayoor Sree Krishna Swamy Temple, also a historic treble, including their first Champions known as the Dwarka of the South, is dedicated League​. to Lord Vishnu and the young form of Lord Krishna. Women’s Coach of the Year: Sarina Wiegman It is located in the small town of Guruvayur, in the Thrissur District of Kerala. England coach Sarina Wiegman received the The earliest temple records date back to the women’s best coach award, tying the record for 17th century, but other literary texts and most wins in this category​. legends indicate that the temple may be around Men’s and Women’s Goalkeeper of the Year: 5000 years old. Ederson and Mary Earps Features: Ederson, from Manchester City and Brazil, was Lord Krishna, or Guruvayoorappan, is the chief awarded the Best Men’s Goalkeeper. deity of this temple. Mary Earps, representing Manchester United The temple is built in the traditional Kerala www.RRBExamPortal.com and England, won the Best Women’s Goalkeeper architectural style. award​​. The central shrine is believed to have been FIFA Puskas Award: Guilherme Madruga rebuilt in 1638 C.E. Structures like the Nalambalam (temple Guilherme Madruga, from Botafogo-SP, won the structure surrounding the sanctum sanctorum), FIFA Puskas Award 2023 for his spectacular Balikkal (sacrificial stone), and overhead kick​​. Deepasthambham (pillar of lights) are situated FIFA Special and Fair Play Awards on the temple premises. The wall of the sanctum sanctorum is decked Brazilian football legend Marta received The with ancient 17th-century murals. FIFA Special Award. Another famous sight here is the The Brazil men’s national team earned the FIFA Dwajasthambam. It is a flagstaff, around 70 Fair Play award for their stand against racism​​. feet tall, fully covered with gold. FIFA Fan Award One of the most popular offerings at Guruvayoor temple is Thulabharam, where The FIFA Fan Award 2023 went to Argentinian devotees are weighed against bananas, sugar, fan Hugo Daniel “Toto” Iniguez​​. jaggery, and coconuts equivalent to their weight on a giant pair of scales. Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam The temple is also noted for being home to a This year, the parade will be held under the large population of captive male Asian command of Army's Central Command, which is elephants. headquartered in Lucknow. The Punnathur Kotta elephant sanctuary, where The theme of Indian Army Day 2024 is “In 56 elephants live, is very close to the temple. Service of the Nation”. This year’s theme also resembles the motto of #2 the Indian Army, “Service Before Self.” Indian Army Day The President and Prime Minister recently conveyed their warm wishes to Indian Army personnel on the occasion of Army Day. The Hindu Current Affairs Week-2 NATIONAL About Indian Army Day: #1 Bureau of Police Research and Development Indian Army Day is celebrated every year on Recently, the Bureau of Police Research and January 15. Development (BPRD) has warned users of On the special occasion of Army Day, the different scams perpetrated through messaging officials will perform a parade in the presence platform WhatsApp. of higher dignitaries, and its salute is taken by the Indian Army Chief. About Bureau of Police Research and Development: History: www.RRBExamPortal.com It was set up in 1970 under the Ministry of On January 15, 1949, Field Marshal K.M. Home Affairs by replacing the Police Research Cariappa became the first Commander-in-Chief and Advisory Council. of the Indian Army, and took over authority from the British Commander-in-Chief General Francis Objectives Butcher, and became the first Indian to To identify the needs and problems of the command the Army in its long, rich history. police in the country. From 1949 until 2022, the Army Day parade was To undertake research projects and studies, and organised at the Cariappa Parade Ground in the suggest modalities to overcome problems and Delhi Cantonment. challenges and meet the needs and In 2023, the Southern Command was requirements of the police. responsible for the parade in Bengaluru. It was It was also mandated to keep abreast of the the first time the Army Day parade was held latest developments in the fields of science and outside the country’s capital. technology, both in India and abroad, with a Indian Army Day 2024: view to promoting the use of appropriate technology in police work. This year marks the 76th Army Day. Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam It is also assisting the States in modernization Cube stands out with its ability to be deployed of the State Police Forces and Correctional within an astonishing 12 minutes. Administration. These cubes are robust, waterproof, and light, More recently, the BPR&D has also been designed for various configurations, making entrusted with the responsibility of anchoring them ideal for diverse emergency scenarios. and coordinating the work of the National From airdrops to ground transportation, the Police Mission. cube can be rapidly deployed anywhere, ensuring immediate response capability. #2 It has advanced medical equipment, Arogya Maitri cube RFID-tagged for efficient repacking and redeployment. Recently, Arogya Maitri Disaster Management Cube has been deployed in Ayodhya to bolster #3 medical readiness and response capabilities Aravalli Range during the upcoming 'Pran Pratishtha' ceremony. The Supreme Court recently opined that if the State of Rajasthan believes that the mining About Arogya Maitri cube: activities in the Aravali Range pose a threat to It is a revolutionary mobile hospital equipped the environment, it can also prevent mining with cutting-edge technology. activities in the Aravalli Range. This cube is a part of the broader initiative About Aravalli Range: named “Project BHISHM” – Bharat Health Initiative for Sahyog, Hita and Maitri. It is a mountain range located in northwestern India. Features It is one of the oldest fold mountains in the www.RRBExamPortal.com It is tailored to treat up to 200 casualties, world. emphasising rapid response and It runs in a south-west direction, starting near comprehensive care. Delhi, passing through southern Haryana and The Aid Cube is equipped with several Rajasthan, and ending in Gujarat. innovative tools designed to enhance disaster The highest point of the Aravalli range is Guru response and medical support during Shikhar, which stands at an elevation of 5,650 emergencies. feet on Mount Arbuda. It integrates Artificial Intelligence (AI) and data It is 15 km from Mount Abu, which is a popular analytics to facilitate effective coordination, hill station in the Aravalli Range. real-time monitoring, and efficient management Rivers: Three major rivers and their tributaries of medical services in the field. flow from the Aravalli, namely the Banas and The whole unit contains 72 easily transportable Sahibi rivers, which are tributaries of the components that can be conveniently carried by Yamuna, as well as the Luni River, which flows hand, cycle, or even drone, providing unmatched into the Rann of Kutch. flexibility. The Aravalli acts as the edge which separates In the face of mass casualty incidents (MCIs), the Thar desert from the plains and plateaus of where requirements range from basic aid to eastern Rajasthan. advanced medical and surgical care, the Aid Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam Formation: It is a large bird with a horizontal body and long, bare legs, giving it an ostrich-like appearance. It is part of the Aravalli-Delhi orogenic belt, The sexes are roughly the same size, with the which is a large and complex geological largest individuals weighing 15 kg (33 pounds). structure formed due to the collision of tectonic It can easily be distinguished by its black crown plates during the Proterozoic era. on the forehead, contrasting with the pale neck It is part of the Indian Shield, that was formed and head. from a series of cratonic collisions. The body is brownish, and the wings are In ancient times, Aravalli were extremely high, marked with black, brown, and grey. but since have worn down almost completely by They breed mostly during the monsoon season, millions of years of weathering. when females lay a single egg on open ground. The range is rich in mineral resources like Lifespan: 12-15 years copper, zinc, lead, and marble. These birds are opportunistic eaters. Their diet It is divided into two sections: the ranges widely depending on the seasonal Sambhar-Sirohi ranges, taller and including availability of food. They feed on grass seeds, Guru Shikhar; and the Sambhar-Khetri ranges, insects like grasshoppers and beetles, and consisting of three ridges that are sometimes even small rodents and reptiles. discontinuous. There are several national parks and wildlife Conservation Status: sanctuaries that fall within the belt of Aravalli IUCN Red List: Critically Endangered Hills. Sariska National Park, Kumbhalgarh Wildlife (Protection)Act, 1972: Schedule 1 Sanctuary, and Mount Abu Sanctuary are CITES: Appendix 1 among them. #5 #4 www.RRBExamPortal.com Wular Lake Great Indian Bustard The Wular Lake has got around four to five lakh The Supreme Court recently directed the Centre migratory birds so far this winter, including to come clean on its plans to save the critically seven new species. endangered Great Indian Bustard. About Wular Lake: About Great Indian Bustard: It is the largest freshwater lake in India. It is a bustard found on the Indian subcontinent. It is located in the Bandipora district of Jammu Scientific Name: Ardeotis nigriceps and Kashmir. It is among the heaviest of the flying birds. It lies at the north end of the Valley of Kashmir, Distribution: The species has a current viable 20 miles (32 km) north-northwest of Srinagar. population of 100- 150 individuals in India and It is spread over a total area of 200 square km mainly survives in the Thar Desert of Rajasthan covering almost 24 km in length and 10 km in that holds about 100 individuals. breadth. Habitat: It inhabits dry grasslands and The lake basin was formed as a result of scrublands. tectonic activity and is fed by the Jhelum River. Features: The lake lies at an altitude of 1,580 m. Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam It is also said to be a remnant of Satisar Lake, external launchers attached to a submarine’s that existed in ancient times. hull. This lake also has a small island in its centre Propulsion: It is powered by a solid propellant called the ‘Zaina Lank’. This island was during its launch phase. Thereafter, it is constructed by King Zainul-Abi-Din. powered by a turbofan engine that does not In 1990, it was designated as a Ramsar Site. emit much heat, which makes infrared detection difficult. Key Facts about Jhelum River: It can carry either conventional or nuclear It is a river that flows in India and Pakistan. payloads. It is a tributary of the Indus River. #2 It is the main waterway of the Kashmir valley. Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) INTERNATIONAL Recently, the 19th Non-Aligned Movement #1 (NAM) summit was held in Kampala, the capital Tomahawk Missile of Uganda on 19 and 20 January. Japan recently signed a deal with its ally, the About NAM Summit: United States, to buy 400 long-range Tomahawk The 19th NAM Summit was held under missiles. Uganda's leadership in Kampala. Uganda has About Tomahawk Missile: taken over as chair from Azerbaijan, to run until 2027. It is a US-made long-range cruise missile used Theme: ‘Deepening Cooperation for Shared for deep-land attack warfare. Global Affluence.’ It can be launched from a ship or submarine Key discussions at the summit: www.RRBExamPortal.com and deliver its warhead precisely to a target at a Israel-Hamas war long range. India’s “Vishwaa Mitra” initiative It flies at low altitudes to strike fixed targets, A call for multipolar world such as communication and air-defence sites, in high-risk environments where manned About Non-Aligned Movement: aircraft may be vulnerable to surface-to-air The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is an missiles. alliance of developing nations that refuses to Features: identify with any major superpower. It was established in 1961 at the height of the It is designed to fly at subsonic speed while Cold War. Whereas it started with the Bandung maintaining a low altitude, making it difficult to Conference held in Indonesia in 1955. detect on radar. It uses tailored guidance systems to manoeuvre Current members: at such low elevations. 120 countries: 53 from Africa, 39 from Asia, 26 Tomahawks are launched vertically from ships, from Latin America and the Caribbean and two but they can be launched horizontally from from Europe. torpedo tubes on attack submarines or from Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam It also includes the non-UN member state of The WEF has come on board as a ‘Network Palestine, 17 other observer countries, and 10 Partner’ and Invest India as an ‘Institutional observer organizations. Partner’. India is one of the founding members. #4 #3 Lamprey Fish Global Alliance for Global Good - Gender Equity A recent study has uncovered two potential new and Equality species of lamprey fish in California waters. India successfully established a "Global About Lamprey Fish: Alliance for Global Good - Gender Equity and Equality" to promote women's empowerment Lampreys are boneless, jawless fish with and gender equality. eel-like bodies that date back over 350 million years. About Global Alliance for Global Good - Gender They belong to a relic (primitive) group of Equity and Equality: jawless fish called Agnathans. It is a new alliance for global good, gender They live in coastal and fresh waters and are equity, and equality established by India on the found in temperate regions around the world, sidelines of the 54th annual World Economic except Africa. Forum (WEF) meeting in Davos. Features: The alliance will bring together worldwide best practices, knowledge sharing, and investment They range from about 15 to 100 centimetres (6 opportunities in women's education, health, and to 40 inches) long. enterprise. Unlike "bony" fish like trout, cod, and herring, This initiative marks a significant stride toward lampreys lack scales, fins, and gill covers. www.RRBExamPortal.com achieving multiple Sustainable Development They breathe through a distinctive row of seven Goals (SDGs), including SDG 3 (Good Health pairs of tiny gill openings located behind their and Well-Being), 4 (Quality Education), 5 mouths and eyes. (Gender Equality and Empowerment), 17 (Global Like sharks, their skeletons are made of Partnership for Development) and more. cartilage. It has garnered support from industry leaders Lamprey’s jawless mouth is a circular, fleshy such as MasterCard, Uber, Tata, TVS, Bayer, sucker filled with hundreds of small teeth and a Godrej, the Serum Institute of India, IMD rasping tongue. Laussane, and over 10,000 partners from They are migratory fish, moving between fresh industry through the Confederation of Indian and saltwater to complete their lifecycle. Industry (CII). They spend most of their lives at sea and only Supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates move into freshwater to spawn and for their Foundation, the alliance will be housed and juvenile life stage. anchored by the CII Centre for Women They attach themselves to large animals like Leadership. fish and whales using their sucker mouth. They feed as parasites, rasping into the host’s flesh with their sharp teeth and sucking out blood. Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam BUSINESS & ECONOMY #2 #1 Serious Fraud Investigation Office Universal Service Obligation Fund The Supreme Court, while dismissing a petition for quashing a complaint filed by the Serious Telecom service providers have urged the Fraud Investigation Office (SFIO), has left a Ministry of Finance to suspend the universal crucial question of law open i.e., whether SFIO service obligation fund (USOF) levy until the are police officer(s) under the Code of Criminal existing corpus is exhausted. Procedure, 1973. About Universal Service Obligation Fund (USOF): USOF was set up by an Act of Parliament in About Serious Fraud Investigation Office (SFIO): December 2003 by amending the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885. The objective of the USOF is to provide access It is a corporate fraud investigating agency set to telecom services in a non-discriminatory up by the Government of India. manner to people in rural and remote areas at The SFIO was established on 21st July, affordable and reasonable prices, thereby 2015,and operates under the Ministry of bridging the rural-urban digital divide. Corporate Affairs. For commercially non-viable rural and remote Section 211 of the Companies Act, 2013, areas, USOF provides subsidy support in the accorded a statutory status to the SFIO. form of Net Cost or Viability Gap Funding (VGF) Objective: The core objective of the SFIO is to to incentivize telecom service providers for the be an investigative and law enforcement expansion of telecommunications and agency to detect and prosecute or recommend broadband services in those areas. www.RRBExamPortal.com to prosecute white-collar frauds or crimes. Funding Mechanism: Types of Investigations: SFIO will usually take up the following types of cases sent by the The USOF is funded through a levy on the Central Government: revenue earned by telecom operators. Complex cases needing investigation across The government imposes a Universal Service multi-discipline and inter-departmental affairs. Levy (USL) on the gross revenue of the telecom Cases with a huge monetary impact on the companies, which is a percentage of their public. Adjusted Gross Revenue (AGR). Cases where investigation can lead to the This levy is collected and deposited into the cleaning up of systems and the implementation USOF. of changes in laws and procedures. Administration: Serious fraud cases sent by the Department of USOF is headed by the Administrator, USO Fund Company Affairs. who is appointed by the Central Government, SFIO can also take up cases on its own only for the administration of the fund. when decided by the Director of the SFIO, and It is an attached office of the Department of also give the reasons for taking up the case in Telecommunications (DoT), Ministry of writing. Communications. Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam Upon assignment of a case to the SFIO, no As provided in the Consumer Protection Act, other investigative agency can proceed with an 2019, the Central Consumer Protection investigation for any offence under the Act. Authority (CCPA) has been established w.e.f. Headquarters: The headquarters of SFIO is in 24th July, 2020. New Delhi, with five regional offices in Mumbai, Objective: To promote, protect and enforce the New Delhi, Chennai, Hyderabad, and Kolkata. rights of consumers as a class. Composition: It will have a Chief Commissioner as head, and only two other commissioners as members — one of whom will deal with matters relating to goods while the other will look into cases relating to services. It will be empowered: To conduct investigations into violation of #3 consumer rights and institute complaints / prosecution, Central Consumer Protection Authority Order recall of unsafe goods and services, The Central Consumer Protection Authority Order discontinuation of unfair trade practices issues notice to Amazon for sale of sweets and misleading advertisements, under misleading name of Shri Ram Mandir Impose penalties on Ayodhya Prasad. manufacturers/endorsers/publishers of misleading advertisements. About: www.RRBExamPortal.com Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Consumer Affairs, The action has been initiated based on a Food & Public Distribution. representation made by the Confederation of All #4 India Traders (CAIT) alleging that Amazon is engaging in deceptive trade practices involving FCRA (Foreign Contribution Regulation Act) the sale of sweets under the guise of 'Shri Ram Recently, the Centre for Policy Research (CPR), Mandir Ayodhya Prasad'. a leading Indian public policy think tank, had its It may be mentioned that under the Consumer FCRA license canceled, culminating in a series Protection (e-commerce) Rules, 2020 no of government actions since IT raids in e-commerce entity shall adopt any unfair trade September 2022. practice, whether in the course of business on its platform or otherwise Further, 'Misleading advertisement' as defined under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019. About FCRA (Foreign Contribution Regulation Act) : About Central Consumer Protection Authority: Purpose: FCRA stands for Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, which is a law enacted by the Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam Parliament of India to regulate the acceptance Voluntary surrender of registration certificate: and utilization of foreign contributions by The central government can allow a person to individuals, associations, and companies. surrender their registration certificate. Prohibition: The Act prohibits the receipt of Suspension period: The government can foreign contributions "for any activities suspend the registration of a person for up to detrimental to the national interest". 360 days, instead of 180 days. Registration: Organizations require the SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY government’s permission to receive funding from abroad. #1 Implementation: The Act is implemented in convergence with various Union government Ingenuity Mars Helicopter Ministries and agencies, State authorities, and a NASA has re-established contact with its network of formal and informal institutions and Ingenuity helicopter on Mars, the US space individuals. agency said recently. Amendments: The Act has been amended over time, with the latest amendment being the About Ingenuity Mars Helicopter: Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Amendment It is a small, autonomous aircraft that flew to Act, 2020. The Bill makes the following changes Mars aboard NASA’s Perseverance rover. to the Act: It was sent to Mars to perform experimental Public servants and foreign donations: Public flight tests to determine if powered, controlled servants are prohibited from accepting foreign flight at the Red Planet was possible. donations. Ingenuity’s mission is experimental in nature Restriction on donation transfer: Foreign and completely independent of the rover’s donations cannot be transferred to any other science mission. person, regardless of their registration status www.RRBExamPortal.com Ingenuity was deployed to the surface on April under the Act. 4, 2021. Identity proof requirement: Aadhaar number, On April 19, it became the first aircraft in history passport copy, or Overseas Citizen of India card to make a powered, controlled flight on another must be provided as identity proof by those planet. seeking permission, registration, or renewal of It rose to a height of 10 feet, hovered for 30 registration to accept foreign donations. seconds, and then descended back to the FCRA account: Foreign donations can only be ground. received in an “FCRA account” in a specified The flight lasted 39.1 seconds. branch of the State Bank of India in New Delhi. It managed to fly in Mars’ thin atmosphere, Unutilised foreign donations: The government which isn’t conducive for flying. can halt the use of unutilised foreign donations It’s piloted by onboard guidance, navigation, and if the Act is violated. control systems running algorithms. Registration certificate renewal: Every person Perseverance acts as a relay between the with a registration certificate must renew it chopper and the earth. within six months before it expires. Administrative expense limit: The limit for using #2 foreign donations for administrative purposes Scrub Typhus has been reduced from 50% to 20%. Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam According to a new study conducted in Tamil It is different from conventional climbing robots Nadu’s Vellore, every millimetre increase in as it doesn’t depend on pre-programmed rainfall could lead to a 0.5 to 0.7 per cent rise in movements. monthly scrub typhus cases. It instead absorbs 3D printing filament through its head and extends its length over time, just About Scrub Typhus: like a creeper. It is an infectious disease caused by bacteria The team utilised a combination of plant called Orientia tsutsugamushi. behaviours like phototropism, negative It is transmitted through infected mites. phototropism and gravitropism and utilises these naturally occurring behaviours in Symptoms high-tech robots. The symptoms typically include fever, The tests for FiloBot have been successful and headache, body ache and sometimes a rash. displayed remarkable adaptability that adjusts In severe cases, the infection can lead to its growth trajectory dynamically in response to respiratory distress, brain and lung moving light intensity. inflammation, kidney failure and multi-organ Significance failure, ultimately resulting in death. By equipping autonomous systems with Several factors like vector abundance, climatic transportable additive manufacturing factors, exposures like farming and owning techniques merged with bioinspired behavioural domestic animals, outdoor activities and strategies, future robots can navigate sanitation, affect its prevalence. unstructured and dynamic environments and This disease is more prevalent in cooler even be capable of self-building infrastructure. months. This new innovation has opened new potential In Northeast India, cases of scrub typhus occur impact of technology that can be applied in from July to November in Manipur, July to www.RRBExamPortal.com robotics, where adaptability and responsiveness October in Sikkim and September to November redefine the capabilities of climbing robots. in Darjeeling. #4 It will not spread from person to person. Treatment: Scrub typhus should be treated with Andrographis theniensis the antibiotic doxycycline. Doxycycline can be A new plant species has been discovered in used in persons of any age. Theni district of Tamil Nadu in the Western There is no vaccine available for this disease. Ghats by a research student from Wanaparthy. #3 About Andrographis theniensis: FiloBot It is a plant, which was named ‘Andrographis Recently, a new innovative plant-inspired robot theniensis’ after the location (Theni). which is named FiloBot has been developed The new plant resembles Andrographis that climbs up structures just like climbing megamalayana. vines. It has glabrous leaves and stems, a nine-veined lower lip, pale yellowish sparse hair on the About FiloBot: middle lobe of the lower lip and yellow anther. Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam Andrographis is a tropical Asian genus native to landscape-based ecological restoration plan for Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka the national park. and the West Himalaya. About Kanger Valley National Park: However, a majority of Andrographis taxa are distributed in southern India and Sri Lanka, Location: particularly in Western and Eastern Ghats. There are nearly 25 Andrographis species in It is located in Jagdalpur, in the Bastar district India. of Chhattisgarh state. Uses: This genus is traditionally used to treat It is located on the banks of the Kholaba River various ailments such as cold, cough, fever, (tributary of the Godavari River). jaundice, diarrhoea, cardiovascular and hepatic The National Park derives its name from the diseases in both codified and non-codified Kanger River, which flows in its length. medicinal systems. It got the status of a national park in 1982. The entire Park constitutes the core area and SPORTS there is no buffer zone. Topography: It is noted for its highly #1 heterogeneous land formations, ranging from Asian Marathon Championships 2024 low, flat, and gentle areas to steep slopes, plateaus, valleys, and stream courses. The Asian Marathon Championships 2024 It is home to three exceptional caves, famous marked a historic moment for Indian athletics for their amazing geological structures: as Man Singh, a 34-year-old marathon runner Kutumbasar, Kailash, and Dandak-Stalagmites from India, clinched the gold medal. and Stalactites. This achievement is significant for Man Singh National Park is known for the presence of and Indian sports, showcasing the country’s underground limestone caves with dripstone www.RRBExamPortal.com growing prowess in long-distance running. and floston. The stalagmites and stalactite This performance also surpassed his previous formations are still increasing. personal best of 2:16:58, recorded at the Tirathgarh Waterfall is located in the park. Mumbai Marathon in 2023​​. The Park also has a sizable tribal population. Second Indian Champion: He became only the second Indian to claim the title of the Asian Flora: marathon champion, following Thonakal Gopi’s It is a typical mixed humid deciduous type of achievement in 2017. forest in which the Sal, Saugaun, teak, and MISCELLANEOUS bamboo trees are available in abundance. #1 Fauna: Kanger Valley National Park Major wild animals include tigers, mouse deer, leopards, wildcat, sambar, chital, barking deer, In a first-of-its-kind model of convergence, langurs, jackals, rhesus macaque, flying Kanger Valley National Park is working with a squirrel, etc. coalition of various organizations and government departments to prepare a Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam The aerial fauna at the park consists of The number of annual awards is restricted to a common hill myna, red jungle fowl, spotted maximum of three in a particular year. owlet, racket-tailed drongos, parrots, etc. On conferment of the award, the recipient receives a Sanad (certificate) signed by the President and a medallion. The award does not carry any monetary grant. The Hindu Current Affairs Week-3 NATIONAL #1 #2 Bharat Ratna Exercise Cyclone Karpoori Thakur, a prominent Gandhian The Indian Army contingent comprising 25 socialist leader and former Bihar chief minister personnel reached Egypt to take part in the will be awarded the ‘Bharat Ratna’ India-Egypt Joint Special Forces Exercise posthumously. CYCLONE. About Bharat Ratna: It is the highest civilian Award of the country About Exercise Cyclone: which was instituted in the year 1954. Eligibility: It is the 2nd edition of the Exercise Cyclone Any person without distinction of race, which will be conducted at Anshas, Egypt from occupation, position or sex is eligible for these 22nd January to 1st February 2024. awards. The first edition of the exercise was conducted www.RRBExamPortal.com Though usually conferred on India-born citizens, last year in India. the Bharat Ratna has been awarded to one The Indian contingent is being represented by naturalised citizen, Mother Teresa, and to two troops from the Parachute Regiment (Special non-Indians, Pakistan national Khan Abdul Forces) and Egyptian contingent comprising 25 Ghaffar Khan and former South African personnel is being represented by Egyptian President Nelson Mandela. Commando Squadron and Egyptian Airborne The original statutes did not provide for Platoon. posthumous awards but were amended in 1955 Aim of the Exercise is to acquaint both the to permit them. Former Prime Minister Lal sides with each other’s operating procedures in Bahadur Shastri became the first individual to the backdrop of Special Operations in desert/ be honoured posthumously. semi desert terrain under Chapter VII of United It is awarded in recognition of exceptional Nations Charter. service/performance of the highest order in any Exercise CYCLONE is designed to develop field of human endeavour. bilateral military cooperation and strengthen The recommendations for Bharat Ratna are bond between two armies through conduct of made by the Prime Minister himself to the discussions and rehearsal of tactical military President and no formal recommendations for drills. this are necessary. Click Here to Download RRB Exam EBOOK PDF https://rrbexamportal.com/ebook  Get RRB NTPC PDF Study Notes at: https://rrbexamportal.com/study-kit/Railway-NTPC-Exam It will involve planning and execution of special Dravidoseps tamilnaduensis’ (Kolli, Pachaimalai operations in sub conventional domain and and Yercaud Hills). conducted in three phases. About Skink: While the first phase will include Military Exhibitions and Tactical Interactions, second phase will focus on training on Improvised Explosive Device (IED), counter IED and Combat Skink is the common name for the lizards that First Aid. The third and final phase will comprise the family Scincidae. encompass Joint Tactical Exercise based on It is typically smooth and shiny with small or Fighting in Built-up Area and Hostage Rescue rudimentary legs. Scenarios. It is a type of reptile that has been around since The Exercise will provide an opportunity to both the time of the dinosaurs. the contingents to strengthen their bond and They are mostly secretive ground dwellers or share best practices. burrowers. It will also act as a platform to achieve shared Skinks are highly alert, agile and fast moving security objectives and foster bilateral relations and actively forage for a variety of insects and between two friendly nations. small invertebrates