Art Design Principles PDF

**The main elements are:** **Space, Line, Shape, Form, Texture, Value, Color** At the end of this lesson you will be able to Understand and manage positive and Negative space The Element of Design Space refers to the area within, around, above or below an object or objects. It is important to cre...

**The main elements are:** **Space, Line, Shape, Form, Texture, Value, Color** At the end of this lesson you will be able to Understand and manage positive and Negative space The Element of Design Space refers to the area within, around, above or below an object or objects. It is important to creating and understanding both two dimensional and three dimensional works of art. With three dimensional art the space things occupy is real as is the space around object. In two dimensional art this is definitely not the case. Two dimensional arts exist on a flat surface, so if something looks three dimensional- it is an illusion! Even the most realistic paintings or photographs are illusions. Two dimensional artists use a number of \"tricks\" for creating the illusion of depth in their art. Point A point has no dimension or scale. When made visible as a dot, the point establishes a position in space. When points move through space or two points are connected line is generated or line is a path of a moving point such as a mark made by a tool or instrument as it is drawn or dragged across a surface. Line is one of the seven elements of art. It is considered by most to be the most basic element of art. **A. Types of Lines** **1. Vertical lines-** lines that move up and down without any slant. **2. Horizontal lines** - lines that are parallel to the horizon **3. Diagonal lines** - lines that slant **4. Curved lines** -Lines that change direction gradually **B. Pressure** A pressure is a force used by the hand of an artist to create different value of line or strokes. C. **Types of stroke** *Fig. 6 Pressure* Stroke: - Line refers to a long and contentious thread with a consistent width and pressure refers to forces to create value, while strokes are comparatively short and broken lines in a variety of width. 1. Short individual strokes; change direction occasionally to create a cross-hatching effect. 2. 2\. Short, continuous strokes; change direction occasionally 3. 3\. Continuous M-strokes; change direction constantly 4. Continuous W-strokes; change direction constantly. 5. Very short M-strokes; with constant direction 3\. shape A shape is created when a line is enclosed. It has a variety of uses in the creation of art. Shapes can play important roles in the creation of art. They help to create complex drawings and paintings, affect composition, and contribute to the balance within a work. Shape is a two-dimensional area that is defined by a change in value or some other form of contrast. There are two major types of shape. Those are Geometric and organic. 1. ☻ Geometric shapes look as though they were made with a ruler or drawing tool. The square, the circle, the triangle, the rectangle and the oval are the five basic geometric shapes. 2. Organic shape also called free form, organic shapes are not regular or even, their outlines may be curved or angular or they may be a combination of both, to make free-form shapes, organic shapes, such as clouds & pebbles are usually found in nature...............................4 form Form is an element of art, means objects that have three dimensions. Form is one of the seven elements of art which are the visual tools that an artist uses to compose a work of art. Is the surface quality of a shape - rough, smooth, soft hard glossy etc. Texture can be physical (tactile) or visual. The surfaces feel of an object or the representation of surface character. Texture is the tactile (physical) and visual (mental) feel of surface area as it is arranged and altered by nature.\] The three best known kinds of texture are; actual, simulated, and invented. Actual is actual Simulated is the imitation of real or actual. Invented or decorative textures do not imitate textures of real life. Value Value is the lightness or darkness of a color. Value is also called Tone The relative degree of lightness or darkness distributed or applied to an area by the amount of light reflected from it. A gradual or step by step difference of light to dark in shading through any visual recording media. Black, grays, and white: Light to dark scale. Full strength or diluted, high contrast. The relative degree of lightness and darkness. **What is color?** Color is a basic element of art that involves light. It is produced when light waves (wavelength) strike an object and are reflected into our eyes. Each light wave has a distinct color. Objects appear to be different colors because some wavelengths are absorbed while others are reflected or transmitted. The wavelengths that are reflected back to our eyes give us the colors we see.Color consists of three properties. Those are:- **A. Hue** -The name given to a color, such as red, yellow, blue, purple, green, orange, etc. **B. Intensity-(or saturation)** --- the purity or dullness of a color. A color's **C. Value** - the lightness or darkness of a color. Using color effectively in creating art involves understanding three basic areas: the color wheel, color value, and color schemes (or color harmony.) Test **The Color Wheel** The color wheel is a useful visual aid used by artists and interior designers to understand the relationship between colors. Sir Isaac Newton developed the color wheel in 1666 when he took the color spectrum and bent it into a circle. **Primary colors:** - are red, yellow, and blue. These hues are equally spaced apart on the color wheel. There only three primary colors and they are the most basic colors on the wheel. Develop practical strategies to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer, by promoting BSE and other screening methods. Considering source of information access to women about BSE in this study, provide effective trainings for health professionals to enhance more practice of BSE. Integration of education campaign and screening services into already existing programs like Family planning and reproductive health services, VCT (voluntary counseling and treatment), and so on. Develop information access about breast cancer and BSE in the facility by Distributing different printed materials like Magazines, leaflets and facilitate Internet access. **Secondary colors:-** are orange, green, and purple (or violet). These colors are created by mixing equal parts of any two primary colors. **Tertiary colors:-** are red-purple, red-orange, blue-green, blue-purple, yellow-green, and yellow-orange. There are six tertiary colors, and they are the result of mixing equal parts of a primary color with a secondary color. **Color Temperature** The temperature of color is how we perceive a particular color, either warm or cool. Warm colors range from red to yellow on the color wheel, whereas cool colors range from blue to green and violet. **Warm Colors** **Neutral Colors** Neutral colors do not appear on the color chart and are neither warm nor Cool. These colors are Black, White and Gray.