Earth Science Quarter 2 Module 5 Rock Behaviors Under Stress PDF

Earth science Quarter 2 –Module 5 Rock Behaviors Under Stress Earth Science Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 5 – Rock Behaviors Under Stress First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philipp...

Earth science Quarter 2 –Module 5 Rock Behaviors Under Stress Earth Science Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 5 – Rock Behaviors Under Stress First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Development Team of the Module Writers: Rowena A. Lambongog Editors: Randie B. Atienza and Eleneth D. Escalona Reviewers: Marionel U. Briz,Francia C. Silva, Rowena D. Cabandingan & Job S. Zape Jr. Illustrator: Patrick Lemuel V. Reyes Layout Artist: Paulina S. Crescini, Rosanito S. Paras Management Team: Wilfredo E. Cabral, Regional Director Job S. Zape Jr., CLMD Chief Elaine T. Balaogan, Regional ADM Coordinator Felizardo O. Bolaňos,School Division Superintendent Joephi F. Falqueza, Assistant Schools Division Superintendent Sacoro R. Comia,CID Chief Generiego O. Javier,Division EPS/s In Charge of LRMS Rowena D. Cabanding, Learning Area EPS Marieta N. Perez,Division ADM Coordinator Printed in the Philippines by ________________________ Department of Education – RegionIV-A CALABARZON Office Address: Gate 2 Karangalan Village, Barangay San Isidro Cainta, Rizal 1800 Telefax: 02-8682-5773/8684-4914/8647-7487 E-mail Address: [email protected] Introductory Message For the facilitator: Welcome to the Earth Science Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Rock Behaviors Under Stress! This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling. This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances. In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module: Notes to the Teacher This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners. As facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners’ progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module. For the learner: Welcome to the Earth Science Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Rock Behaviors Under Stress! The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands! This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you are expected to learn in the module. What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module. What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the previous one. What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation. What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills. What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module. What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to be filled into process what you learned from the lesson. What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will help you transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations or concerns. Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in achieving the learning competency. Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned. This also tends retention of learned concepts. Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module.  What I Need to Know Most Essential Learning Competency: Describe how rocks behave under different types of stress such as compression, pulling apart, and shearing. This module presents how rocks behave under different types of stress such as compressing, pulling apart, and shearing. This aims to provide an overview of three kinds of stress which causes rocks to undergo deformation. This includes pre- test, procedure/learning experience/learning activities, reflection and posttest. Read the directions carefully before doing all the exercises and activities. At the end of this module, the successful learner will be able to: 1. identify the different types of stress on rocks; 2. explain the behavior of the rocks under the different types of stress; and 3. describe the different geologic structures that cause the different stress on rocks. What I Know Directions: Read and analyze the following questions. Encircle the letter of the correct answer. 1. Mountains are a result of high-impact stress caused when two plates collided. What kind of stress caused it to form? A. compressional stress B. rock stress C. shear stress D. tensional stress 2. What will happen to the rock if it is exposed to a tension stress? A. Rocks will be pulled apart B. Rocks will be compressed C. Rocks will fold or form fracture D. Rocks will be squeezed together 3. Which of the following type of stress is exerted in convergent plate boundaries? A. Compressional stress B. Direct stress C. Shear stress D. Tensional stress 4. Ava played a clay bar. She pushed the two sides of the clay bar using equal force from her hands on the same axis. What type of stress did she exerted on the clay bar? A. Compressional stress B. Direct stress C. Shear stress D. Tensional stress 5. How does the clay bar behave after the application of stress in item no. 4? A. The clay bar will lengthen. B. The clay bar will break apart. C. The clay bar will fold or fracture. D. The clay bar will be pulled apart. 6. Which location does shear stress commonly occur? A. Combine plate boundaries B. Convergent plate boundaries C. Divergent plate boundaries D. Transform plate boundaries 7. What happened to the rocks under shear stress? A. The rocks are squeezed. B. The rocks fold or fracture. C. The rocks are pulled apart. D. The rock walls slip to each other on opposite direction. 8. A compressive stress was exerted on the rock layers forming a simple fold or bend. What is the type of fold formed on the rock layers? A. Anticline B. Incline C. Monocline D. Syncline 9. What type of fold is formed when a compressive stress resulted to a landmass that arches upward? A. Anticline B. Incline C. Monocline D. Syncline 10. What type of fault is shown on the illustration below? A. Normal B. Reverse C. Strike Slip D. Transverse 11. Which of the following type of fault is found in divergent plate boundaries? A. Normal B. Reverse C. Strike Slip D. Transverse 12. Which of the following type of fault system creates the world’s highest mountain ranges? A. Normal B. Reverse C. Strike Slip D. Transverse 13. Which of the following type of fault formed the San Andreas Fault? A. Normal B. Reverse C. Strike Slip D. Transverse 14. East African Rift formed by stress on rocks that causes the hanging wall to drop down. Which among the type of fault did it belongs? A. Normal B. Reverse C. Strike Slip D. Transverse 15. Reverse fault formed through the stress that causes the hanging wall to moves up. Which among the following are examples of this type of fault? A. Himalayas B. East African Rift C. San Andreas D. West Valley  Lesson Rock Behaviors Under 1 Stress What’s In Direction: Do you still remember metamorphism? Critical reading will help you test how good your memory is. Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow. Metamorphism Metamorphism is the process wherein heat and pressure change the rock’s physical and chemical makeup. Chemical changes happen during metamorphism when ions move and new minerals form. The new minerals which are the products of chemical change become more stable in the new environment. Foliation is the physical change that may occur during metamorphism. Contact metamorphism and regional metamorphism are the two main types of metamorphism. What are the difference between the two? When we say contact metamorphism, it is when magma contacts a rock and changes it by extreme heat while regional metamorphism is when great masses of rock are exposed to pressure. Questions 1. What is metamorphism? 2. What are the changes that occur on rocks during the process of metamorphism? How do these changes occur? 3. Compare and contrast contact and regional metamorphism using a Venn diagram.  What’s New Directions: Read the statement below and reflect on the following questions. Have you been to Baguio City? Baguio City is considered as the Summer Capital of the Philippines because its low temperature even during summer time. Millions of tourists choose this place to spend their vacation due to numerous tourist destination like Strawberry farm and Botanical garden that has variety of plants and vegetable that thrive on temperate weather conditions. This weather condition is possible because Baguio City is situated at the top of one of the Philippine mountain ranges which is named as Cordillera Mountain Ranges. Guide Questions: 1. How do Cordillera Mountain Ranges from? 2. What geologic event causes the formation of mountain ranges? What is It Rocks and large masses undergo deformation wherein it changes their shape, location, size, tilt or break due to squeezing, tearing, or shearing. When the rocks or plates are pulled or pushed together, stress may occur. Yes! Not only human can experience stress, rocks also experienced different kinds of stress. In earth sciences and geology, stress is the force per unit area that is placed on a rock. There are three main types of stress, namely, tension, compression, and shear. 1. Tensional stress causes rocks to be pulled apart that result to lengthening and break apart. This type of stress can be found at divergent plate boundaries. 2. Compressional stress causes rocks to fold or fracture. It squeezes rocks together. Compression are the most common type of stress in convergent plate boundaries.  3. Shear stress happens when forces slide pass each other in opposite direction which results to slippage and translation. This is the most common stress found in transform plate boundaries. Geologic Structures 1. Folds – are formed when rocks experienced compressive stress and deformed plastically. It causes bending of rocks. There are three types of folds: monoclines, anticlines and synclines. A monocline is a simple bend in the rock layers where the oldest rocks are at the bottom and the youngest are at the top. An anticline is a fold that arches upward where the oldest rocks are found at the center of an anticline. The youngest rocks are covered over them at the top of the structure. A syncline is a fold that bends downward which rocks are curved down to a center. 2. Faults - A rock under ample stress can crack, or fracture. The fracture is called a joint because there is a block of rock left standing on either side of a fracture line. The footwall is the rock that place on top the fault, while the hanging wall is below the fault. It can be classified into: 1. Normal faults–are the most common faults at divergent boundaries. In relation to the footwall, it develops as the hanging wall drops down. East African Rift is one of the examples of this type of fault. 2. Reverse faults – This type of faults is most common at the convergent boundaries. It forms when the hanging wall moves up. It creates the world’s highest mountain ranges such as Himalayas Mountains and Rocky Mountains.  3. Strike slip faults–This type of faults formed when the walls move sideways. It can be either right lateral or left lateral. It is mostly common on transform plate boundaries. The most popular example of this type is San Andreas Fault. What’s More A. Direction: Identify the following types of stress on the following statements. Write T if it pertains to tensional stress, C for compressional stress, and S for shear stress. __________ 1. It causes rocks to fold or fracture. __________ 2. It causes rocks to be pulled apart. __________ 3. The common type of stress found on divergent plate boundaries. __________ 4. This stress on rocks result to slippage and translation of walls. __________ 5. It occurs on convergent plate boundaries. __________ 6. It causes rocks to lengthen and break apart. __________ 7. This type of stress squeezes rocks together. __________ 8. It commonly occurs in transform plate boundaries. __________ 9. It happens when the dominant force is directed away from each other. __________ 10. It develops when the forces are directed towards each other but not along the same axis. B. Direction: Complete the table below. Effects on Place Where Type of Stress Illustration rocks Can be Found 1. Tension 2. Compression 3. Shear C. Direction: On each of the space below, unscramble the word to give the correct term based on the given description. _______________ 1. A simple bend on the rock layers ONESCLIMON ________________ 2. Formed when rocks experienced compressive stress and deformed plastically DOLF ________________ 3. A bend that arches upward ESCLITINAN ________________ 4. A rock fracture or cracks due to stress SLATFU ________________ 5. The most common faults at divergent plate boundaries ORMLAN LATUSF ________________ 6. This fault type can be found on convergent boundaries EVESRER FULATS ________________ 7. It formed when the walls move sideways KESRIT LIPS ULFATS ________________ 8. An example of mountain range MHAYALASI ________________ 9. Commonly the type of fault on transform plate boundaries RISTKE SIPL FATSUL ________________ 10. An example of fault at divergent plate boundaries SEAT RICANAF TRIF  What I Have Learned Direction: Using the concepts you have learned from the discussions, create a Mind Map that starts with the term inside the circle. Rocks Behavior Under Stress What I Can Do Direction: Read the statement below and answer the questions that follow. Movement of tectonic plates generates enough energy that causes earthquakes which are released along the faults. As a STEM student, why do you think is it necessary to study the characteristics of fault system? If you are residing on an area where active fault is present, what will you do to educate your neighbors about it? __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________  Assessment Direction: Read the following question carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer. 1. Ava plays a clay bar. She pushed the two sides of the clay bar using equal force from her hands on the same axis. What type of stress did she exerted on the clay bar? A. Compressional stress B. Direct stress C. Shear stress D. Tensional stress 2. How does the bar of clay behave after the application of stress in item no. 1? A. The clay bar will lengthen. B. The clay bar will break apart. C. The clay bar will fold or fracture. D. The clay bar will be pulled apart. 3. Mountains are a result of high-impact stress caused when two plates collided. What kind of stress caused it to form? A. compressional stress B. rock stress C. shear stress D. tensional stress 4. Which of the following type of stress is exerted in convergent plate boundaries? A. Compressional stress B. Direct stress C. Shear stress D. Tensional stress 5. Which of the following location are shear stress commonly occur? A. Combine plate boundaries B. Convergent plate boundaries C. Divergent plate boundaries D. Transform plate boundaries 6. What happened to the rocks under shear stress? A. The rocks are squeezed. B. The rocks fold or fracture. C. The rocks are pulled apart. D. The rock walls slip to each other on opposite direction. 7. Which of the following type of fault is found in divergent plate boundaries? A. Normal B. Reverse C. Strike Slip D. Transverse 8. East African Rift formed by stress that causes the hanging wall to drop down. Which among the type of fault did it belongs? A. Normal B. Reverse C. Strike Slip D. Transverse 9. A compressive stress was exerted on the rock layers forming a simple fold or bend. What is the type of fold formed on the rock layers? A. Anticline B. Incline C. Monocline D. Syncline 10. What will happen to the rock if it is exposed to a tension stress? A. Rocks will be pulled apart B. Rocks will be compressed C. Rocks will fold or form fracture D. Rocks will be squeezed together 11. What type of fold is formed when a compressive stress resulted to a landmass that arches upward? A. Anticline B. Incline C. Monocline D. Syncline 12. What type of fault is shown on the illustration below? A. Normal B. Reverse C. Strike Slip D. Transverse 13. Reverse fault formed through the stress that causes the hanging wall to move up. Which among the following are the result of this type of fault? A. Himalayas B. East African Rift C. Marikina Fault D. West Valley 14. Which of the following type of fault system creates the world’s highest mountain ranges? A. Normal B. Reverse C. Strike Slip D. Transverse 15. Which of the following type of fault formed the San Andreas Fault? A. Normal B. Reverse C. Strike Slip D. Transverse  Assessment 1. A 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. D 7. A 8. A 9. C 10. A 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. B What’s More What I Know 1. C 1. A 2. T 2. A 3. T 4. S 3. A 5. C 4. A 6. T 5. C 7. C 6. D 8. S 7. D 9. T 10. S 8. C C. 9. A 1. MONOCLINES 10.A 2. FOLD 3. ANTICLINES 11.A 4. FAULTS 12.B 5. NORMAL FAULTS 6. REVERSE FAULTS 13.C 7. STRIKE SLIP FAULTS 14.A 8. HIMALAYAS 15.A 9. STRIKE SLIP FAULTS 10. EAST AFRICAN RIFT Answer Key  BAGUIO CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Governor Pack Road, Baguio City Subject Code: Class/Learner’s Senior High School Department Code: EARTH SCIENCE SY 2021-2022, Quarter 2 ANSWER SHEET (Week 5 and 6) NAME: SCORES: WW1 PT 2 SECTION: DATE: WW2 PT2 WRITTEN WORK 1: Multiple Choice (15 pts) Instruction: Carefully read each question in the POST ASSESSMENT section of Module 3 (Endogenic Processes: Plutonism and Volcanism). Write the letters of your answers on the space provided below. 1. 6. 11. 2. 7. 12. 3. 8. 13. 4. 9. 14. 5. 10. 15. WRITTEN WORK 2: Multiple Choice (15 pts) Instruction: Carefully read each question in the POST ASSESSMENT section of Module 4 (Rock Behaviors Under Stress). Write the letters of your answers on the space provided below. 1. 6. 11. 2. 7. 12. 3. 8. 13. 4. 9. 14. 5. 10. 15. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Parent’s Remarks: Date:______________ PERFORMANCE TASK 1: Concept Mapping (10 points) Instruction: Complete the concept map below. You may use an extra sheet of paper if needed. 1. 2. 4. 3. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. PERFORMANCE TASK 2: Mind Map (15 pts) Instructions: Using the concepts you have learned from the discussions, create a Mind Map that starts with the term inside the circle.