Radio Broadcasting & Scriptwriting PDF

Radio Broadcasting and Scripwriting Overview Introduction Steps in Scriptwriting for Radio Broadcasting Things to Remember in Radio Scriptwriting Structure of the Radio Script Introduction to Radio as a Mass Medium Engages millions of listeners, especiall...

Radio Broadcasting and Scripwriting Overview Introduction Steps in Scriptwriting for Radio Broadcasting Things to Remember in Radio Scriptwriting Structure of the Radio Script Introduction to Radio as a Mass Medium Engages millions of listeners, especially in rural areas. Remains relevant despite competition from TV and digital media Creates a personal connection between broadcaster and audience. Listeners often feel as though the broadcaster is speaking directly to them. Focuses on how content sounds rather than how it appears. Requires scripts to be brief, clear, and fast-paced. communicate and engage Steps in Scriptwriting for Radio Broadcasting A. PROPER PLANNING FOR When we plan a script, we have to SCRIPTWRITING decide what gets priority. We simply can’t cover any story STEPS Identify Emerging Issues: Stay informed about trends and changes affecting the industry. Understand the Audience: Focus on the people who will use the information. Prepare a “Case” Proceeding: Clearly outline the objectives and context of the script. Include Monitoring and Evaluation Plan: Establish metrics to assess the effectiveness of the script. Narrow the Focus: Utilize audience insights to refine the message and delivery.. Steps in Scriptwriting for Radio Broadcasting B. PREPARING FOR A NEWSHOLE Preparation and Content: ⚬ Planning begins well before airtime and includes special reports, features, commercials, bumpers, teasers, and breaking news. Utilizing the Newshole: ⚬ The newshole is used to allocate time for all prepared content, ensuring everything fits within the broadcast. Filling Remaining Space: ⚬ Any remaining time is filled with the day’s news stories to provide comprehensive coverage. Newshole for Five-Minute Radio Newscast Introduction National Bumper Local Billboard 53 Sports Sec Showbiz 2 Min Station ID 18 Sec Ads Infomercial 47 Sec Steps in Scriptwriting for Radio Broadcasting C. TIMING THE NEWSCAST PROGRAM Time is crucial in radio broadcasting, with each second counting. Programs must strictly follow their designated time slots. For example, a five-minute newscast must fit all content within that time frame. Exceeding or falling short of the time allotment is not acceptable. Proper time management ensures smooth, professional broadcasts. Steps in Scriptwriting for Radio Broadcasting TO DO THIS, LIST DOWN FIRST ALL THE PREPARED FEATURES AND NON NEWS REPORT WITH THE CORRESPONDING TIMING JUST LIKE THE FOLLOWING: 05:00 (5 MINUTE NEWSCAST PROGRAM) 01:30 ads and infomercial 00:10 station Id 00:30 intro, bumpers, teasers and extro 02:50 time left for news  The remainig two minutes and fifty seconds are to be apportioned to the news stories of the day using the following steps: 1. Each story will be 2. After the 3. If the overall After all the haggling given a tentative preparation of and stiriking out of time of all the least important parts length of time each news story, news stories assignment, Writers, of sacrificing of some the first rundown reporters and tape exceeds the news stories, final editors will be given a begins earlier in program rundown the day to see to it time frame, time frame for their follows, making sure news. For example, a that each news haggling or all the news stories major news will be story fits into the sacrificing some hit the time frame given 45 seconds, The exactly. assigned time of the least writer of the reporter frame. important will make sure that the news story should fit in stories begins. to that time allotment Bumpers, Teaser and BillBoard RADIO USES BUMPER BETWEEN THE NEWS AND COMMERCIAL BREAKS. ITS FUNCTION IS TO TELL THE LISTENERS THAT THERE IS A BREAK BUT THAT THERE WILL BE SOME MORE NEWS COMING UP Bumpers, Teaser and BillBoard EXAMPLE: “We’ll be back with more news and commercial breaks. Its function is to tell the listeners that there is a break but that there will besome more news coming up”. Teaser is used to stimulate curiosity so that the listeners will stay tune in to hear what is all about. Bumpers, Teaser and BillBoard EXAMPLE: “Walingwaling to replace sampaguita as national flower?” Billboard is usually heard after the news. It reminds of what product or service sponsors the said news Bumpers, Teaser and BillBoard EXAMPLE: ”This news is brought to you by chocolate love global I-phone, the gateway to the local community.” D. Selecting Script Topics Scripts should have practical, real- world applications. Topics must be suitable for radio, ensuring listeners can easily grasp and apply what they learn. The goal is for listeners to take the lesson and act on it effectively. Tips in Writing the Scripts The seven (7) Cs of Effective Communication Command Attention Cater to the Heart and Head Call to Action Clarify the Message Communicate a Benefit Create Trust Convey a Consistent Message E. Editing the Written Script Writing for the ear differs from writing for the eye. Listeners can’t skim ahead or adjust the pace like they can with print. Content must be easy to follow and understand on the first hearing. E. Editing the Written Script Here are the things that the editors must take into account when editing the script: 1. Is the listener told at the beginning what the program is about, and what they will learn? 2.Is the listener given a “map” so that they have some idea of how the materials are organized and structured? 3.Are there signpost throughout the scripts to allow the listener to know where they are, where they E. Editing the Written Script 4. Are the main points emphasized and reinforced? 5. Does it cover the subject adequately? 6. Are the main sections clear? Do they follow naturally from one to the next? 7. Are there sufficient examples and illustations? 8. Is the language appropriate to the audience? 9. Are the conclusions clear and  F. Final Step The final step in wriiting a script is preparing it for microphone presentation. A well written script can be ruined by poor delivery at the microphone. Lay it out so that you can readit easily and confidently in the studio. 1. Type it or write it out clearly so that you don’t have to struggle to read it. 2.Lay it out in one side of the paper so that you you dont make unnecessary noise when turning pages. 3.Double-space it so that when you read it you will have space to write in any correction that you want to make during rehearsals.  F. Final Step 4. End each page on a full top (end of sentence, or even better, end of a paragraph) so that when you move from one page to the next, you can do so with a natural pause. 5. Leave wide margins so that there is room to write production or technical notes. 6. Number the pages clearly. 7. Indicate the source, in CAPITALS, for each part of the program in the left- hand margin (or th right-hand margin if you write from right to left). For example: ANNOUNCER, MUSIC/CD,  F. Final Step 8. Identify the pre-recorded sources briefly. For example: In the margin, write CUE IN. In the body of the script, write “ Sounds of livestock feeding”. 9. Hand-mark the script sparingly (e.g underlining key words or phrases, using a slash to indicate a pause) if you feel it will help your delivery. When the broadcaster is ready to speak into the microphone the script writing is complete. Things to Remember in Radio Scriptwriting Double or triple space-typewrite all lines and paragraphs. Type copy in big letters so the newscaster can easily read it. All spoken lines should be typed in big and small letters. All instructions and non-spoken lines should be typed in big or capital letters. Have a duplicate of each copy. Make each sentence a paragraph. Things to Remember in Radio Scriptwriting Words should not be split at the end of the line or margin. Write a page number on each script. End each page with a paragraph before using another paper. Make your script clean. Mark “X” for erroneous word. Make the script short and simple Do not use words which are hard to pronounce or tongue twister words. Don’t text-write. Things to Remember in Radio Scriptwriting Each sentence, as much as possible, should not exceed 12 words. Break down long sentences for easy readability. Attribute the source of your story either at the beginning or at the end of your news Using tape- recorded statement from interview adds credibility to the story. Things to Remember in Radio Scriptwriting Length of the script. 10 SECONDS-25 WORDS 20 SECONDS-45 WORDS 30 SECONDS- 65 WORDS 45 SECONDS-100 WORDS 60 SECONDS-125 WORDS  Structure of the Radio Script Date of the Report Slug Time It is usually It is Under the placed on composed of slug or the top right one or two catchline, corner of the words that write the copy. tell the essence of airing time the story and of the place under broadcast. Comparisons with other works Body Source At the bottom left hand of the copy, It gives the put the source of the story. This text of the includes the surname or initials of the reporter, beat and the surname story. or initials of the editor and the phone number of the source so he can be contacted immediately if there would be any problem or if follow-up is needed on the story. Thank's For Listening!