Public Health Study Notes PDF

Chapter 8: Public Health Itself Study Notes Public health vs medicine ○ Public health: Populations Health determinants and primary prevention Wellness Health care system as a wh...

Chapter 8: Public Health Itself Study Notes Public health vs medicine ○ Public health: Populations Health determinants and primary prevention Wellness Health care system as a whole, financing ○ Medicine: Individuals Diagnosis and treatment Illness Single clinical setting Medicine and its relationship to public health ○ Medicine deals with secondary and tertiary prevention Last 3 boxes of the general progression of illness/injury model ○ Public health deals with the whole general progression of illness/injury model With an emphasis on primary prevention Medical care as a public health issue (? - how medicine crosses over to public health) ○ Preventive care Vaccine delivery Screening tests Prenatal care and well-baby care, anticipatory guidance Anticipatory guidance --> pediatricians telling you what to expect in the child's growth ○ Infectious disease control Vaccine delivery Screening tests Treatment for TB, HIV Isolation ○ Assuring quality and safety Gov't licensing and certification of providers Maintains minimum standards Accreditation of medical facilities JCAHO (Private, non-profit organization) Government regulation of pharmaceuticals FDA approves and regulates drugs and medical devices e.g., recalls ○ Assuring access to health care Insurance coverage requirements (laws) Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Government insurance programs ($) Medicare (elderly), Medicaid (low-income)  Provision of care for certain groups Clinics and community health centers ("safety nets") Military and veteran health systems Emergency care ○ Controlling costs 95% on US spending on health goes to medicine and only 5% goes to public health How much is spent on healthcare in the US usually? Estimated 3 trillion spent on healthcare in the US in 2014 Why are healthcare costs so high? People are living longer (aging population) New medical technologies Prescription drugs Defensive medicine Traditional fee-for-service payment system Anytime the doctor sees you or does a service, they get paid Administrative costs to deal with complicated billing and payment systems 2 key questions Who pays for all of that medical care? (in the US) Should all individuals have access to the same medical care regardless of their ability to pay for it? Super controversial Market justice Health care is an economic good Care should be distributed based on ability to pay Assumes the health care market is a free market Social justice Health care is a basic right Care should be available to all, regardless of ability to pay Health care is a societal (govt) responsibility Elements of both in the US Market justice - insurance companies Social justice - government paying for Medicare, Medicaid Examples: Lyme Disease Opioid COVID-19 Milwaukee Popcorn Worker Exam Notes: Focus on explaining concepts and giving examples for each things then focus on labs and readings and specificity