Nutrition and Digestion PDF

Chapter 8. Nutrition and digestion Through this diet, he is overcoming the deficiency of (MCQs) A. vitamin E. B. vitamin D....

Chapter 8. Nutrition and digestion Through this diet, he is overcoming the deficiency of (MCQs) A. vitamin E. B. vitamin D. C. vitamin C. D. vitamin A. 1. The polypeptides are completely digested into 7. Which of the following indicates the movement amino acids by the enzyme of larynx and state of trachea during the A. amylase. B. erepsin. swallowing of food? C. catalase. D. lipase. 2. Which of the following is correct about vessel Y? Identification of Y Composition of fluid inside Y A. Hepatic vein Glucose 8. Look at the given food items carefully. B. Hepatic vein Glycogen C. Hepatic portal vein Glucose D. Hepatic portal vein Glycogen 3. Which of the following elements are absorbed from the soil by the plants? A. Carbon and hydrogen B. Sulphur and oxygen C. Hydrogen and nitrogen D. Nitrogen and oxygen 4. The diagram shows some stages of digestion. What are substances X, Y and Z? The food items shown above are main sources of A. proteins. B. fibre. C. fats. D. carbohydrates. 9. The table below shows estimated energy requirements (in kilocalories) according to age, gender and activity. 5. Which of the following may happen in a plant if it is grown without magnesium? A. Increased water loss B. Slow sugar transport C. No chlorophyll formation D. Deactivation of enzymes 6. A patient, besides taking basic nutrients, takes the following food items in his diet. The information in the given table implies that A. adult males need to do more work than younger males. B. adult males should take more carbohydrates than younger males. C. the energy requirement of all males is the same. D. males need to burn more calories than females. 10. The diagram shows a biochemical cycle.  The information in the given table implies that Looking at the required product of the cycle A. the energy requirement of all males is the identify where does the given cycle take place same. in the human body? B. adult males need to do more work than A. Stomach B. Villi children. C. Liver D. Pancreas C. children need to burn more calories than 11. Which of the following is CORRECT about adult males. vitamin C? D. adult males should take more carbohydrates than children. 18. The given diagram shows peristalsis in oesophagus. 12. What happens to pepsin when it enters the small intestine along with partially digested food? A. Pepsin is denatured completely. B. Pepsin is converted back to pepsinogen. C. Pepsin digests proteins into amino acids. D. Pepsin destroys the inner lining of the small intestine. The condition of longitudinal muscles at points 13. A patient has the following symptoms. P and Q would be Pain in abdominal region Difficulty in expelling faeces Infrequent bowel movements The patient is mostly likely to be suffering from A. constipation. B. diarrhoea. C. typhoid. D. ulcer. 14. 20. Wholemeal bread, banana, lettuce and cabbage are good sources of A. fat. B. fibre. 19. The given table shows the daily diet of Sania. C. water. D. protein. 15. The example of assimilation of food in the body is A. release of bile by the liver. B. use of glucose in respiration. This diet could be considered balanced because C. entry of fatty acids into lacteal. it includes D. breakdown of starch into glucose. A. less fats. B. Three meals. 16. A patient is found with the following C. variety of food. D. more carbohydrates. symptoms. 20. The given diagram illustrates a process Abdominal pain occurring in the digestive system of human Nausea beings. Loss of appetite Regurgitation Abdominal burning He is most likely to be suffering from A. diarrhoea. B. peptic ulcer. C. constipation. D. nutritional anaemia. 17. The given table shows estimated energy requirements (in kilocalories) according to age, This process is called gender and activity. A. assimilation. B. deamination.  C. emulsification. D. chemical digestion. C. present in large molecular size. 21. A patient has the following symptoms. D. produced by plants in large amount. Pain in abdominal region 29. Phytonadione is a medicine that is prescribed Difficulty in expelling faeces to patients with blood clotting problems. Infrequent bowel movements The vitamin which plays a similar function to The patient is MOST likely to be suffering from phytonadione is A. ulcer. B. typhoid. A. vitamin A. C. diarrhoea. D. constipation. B. vitamin C 22. Which of the following is CORRECT about iron? C. vitamin D. D. vitamin K. 30. Sarosh eats a slice of white bread with butter and grilled beef in her breakfast. The nutrient which is present in LEAST amount in her breakfast is A. lipids. B. fibres. C. proteins. 23. A child visits a doctor with the following D. carbohydrates. symptoms. 31. The CORRECT pathway for the food bolus to  Dry skin enter stomach is  Poor growth A oesophagus  pyloric sphincter.  Night blindness B. oesophagus  cardiac sphincter. The vitamin which is deficient in his body C. pyloric sphincter  oesophagus. would be D. cardiac sphincter  oesophagus. A. Vitamin A. B. Vitamin C. 32. The given graph shows the optimum activity of C. Vitamin D. D. Vitamin K. two enzymes at different pH in the human 24. The example of assimilation of food in the digestive system. human body is A. release of bile by the liver. B. use of glucose in respiration. C. breakdown of starch into glucose. D. entry of food from oesophagus to stomach. 25. In the digestive system of human beings, the digestive enzymes are secreted by A. liver, pancreas and gall bladder. B. stomach, liver and large intestine. C. stomach, pancreas and small intestine. D. gall bladder, small intestine and large intestine. 26. In the alimentary canal of human beings, the molecules of starch are converted into maltose in The option that CORRECTLY identifies the parts I. mouth of digestive system where enzymes (I and II) II. stomach work III. duodenum A. I only. B. II only. C. I and III. D. II and III. 27. Emulsification is a process which occurs in the human digestive system to convert A. protein molecules to amino acids molecules. B. larger fat molecules to smaller fat molecules. C. fat molecules to fatty acids and glycerol molecules. 33. The part(s) of the human digestive system D. larger protein molecules to smaller protein where both chemical and mechanical digestion molecules. of food take place is/ are 28. Phosphorus is classified as a macronutrient for A. large intestine only. plants because it is B. small intestine only. A. required in large amount. C. stomach and mouth. B. abundantly present in the soil. D. small intestine and stomach. 34. The given diagram represents the pathway of D. The formation of vitamin K in the large blood flow from the small intestine to the vena intestine cava 40. The acidic nature of chyme is changed to alkaline in order to A. stimulate emulsification. B. kill harmful microorganisms. C. prevent the secretion of intestinal juices. D. provide optimum pH for trypsin to work. 41. Which of the following statements is CORRECT about the chemical digestion in the human The option that is CORRECT about vessel Y is alimentary canal? A. Digestion of carbohydrate starts in the stomach. B. Proteins are digested in the stomach and small intestine. C. Inactive forms of amylase and lipase are produced by the pancreas. D. Esophageal wall produces active enzymes for 35. The given diagram illustrates a process that the digestion of starch. occurs in the digestive system of human beings. 42. The given diagram represents the longitudinal This process is called section of a human villus. 36. A. assimilation. B. deamination. C. emulsification. D. chemical digestion. 37. The option which CORRECTLY identifies the component of a secretion which neutralises the Blood from the vessel X enters into the acidic chyme in duodenum and the source of A. aorta. B. femoral artery. this secretion is B. hepatic portal vein. D. superior vena cava. 43. All of the following minerals are examples of macronutrients required for plants EXCEPT A. nitrogen. B. potassium. C. manganese. D. phosphorus. 44. Which of the following options is CORRECT about the movement of the soft palate and larynx during swallowing? 38. A nutritionist recommends a male adult to consume liver, beans and red meat regularly in his diet to overcome the following symptoms.  Pale skin  Shortness of breath  Tiredness and lethargy With reference to the given information, the adult person’s body has a deficiency of A. iron. B. calcium. 45. In the human digestive system, X is a chemical C. vitamin C. D. vitamin D. secretion that contains enzyme which digests 39. Which of the following characteristics of the fats. human digestive system provides protection The option which CORRECTLY identifies X, the against pathogens? enzyme it contains and the site of action for the A. The release of acid in the stomach enzyme is B. The presence of villi in the intestine Chemical Enzyme Site of action C. The secretion of bile into duodenum Secretion X Present in X for the Enzyme A. Bile Lipase liver Use of water from these polluted wells can B. Pancreatic Lipase Duodenum cause diseases in humans and animals because juice organic fertilisers C. Gastric juice Amylase Stomach A. are water-soluble and leach easily. D. salive amylase Mouth B. are rich in nitrates and phosphates. 46. The given diagram represents the deteriorated C. contain pathogenic microorganisms. physiological condition of one of the human D. contain minerals that cause algal blooms. respiratory structures caused by chain smoking. 50. A patient complains of excessive bleeding from gums, nose and wounds. His/ her blood test report indicates deficiency of a vitamin that promotes blood clotting. The doctor recommends the patient to eat leafy green vegetables such as spinach, broccoli and cabbage. Based on the patient’s symptoms and doctor’s recommendation, the vitamin deficient in the patient is identified as A. vitamin C. B. vitamin A. C. vitamin D. D. vitamin K. 51. In humans, one of the benefits of dietary fibre is that it helps to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases because dietary fibres A. increases calcium absorption. B. prevents and relieves constipation. C. reduces the reabsorption of cholesterol. Based on the given diagram, the disease is D. remains undigested in the digestive system. identified as 52. The given diagram represents the process that A. bronchitis. B. pneumonia. facilitates the digestion of fats in the human C. emphysema. D. tuberculosis body. 47. In a laboratory, a group of students was investigating the action of amylase on starch solution keeping the pH neutral. They used iodine as a chemical indicator. One of the group members added a chemical that drastically decreased the pH of solution in the test tube. Which of the following conditions will occur due to this drastic change in pH? A. Amylase will denature. The structure where the given process takes B. Starch will convert into maltose. place is C. Starch and amylase will bind strongly. A. villi. B. liver. D. Iodine colour will change into dark blue. C. stomach. D. duodenum. 48. The given table shows enzymes (A, B, C and D) 53. In human stomach, the factor that makes and their site of action. salivary amylase dysfunctional is the With reference to the site of action, which of A. acidic pH of stomach. the following enzymes is classified as B. secretion of pepsinogen from the stomach extracellular enzyme? wall. C. churning and mixing action of stomach muscles. D. formation of protection barrier by mucus in the stomach wall. 54. The given diagram shows the circulatory route of absorbed materials in the small intestine and large intestine. (Note: Arrows ( ) show flow of blood) 49. In villages, the application of organic fertilisers (manure) may cause contamination of drinking water bodies such as wells.  The substances MAINLY present in blood vessels X and Y respectively are 55. Which of the following indicates the movement of larynx and state of trachea during the swallowing of food 56. In plants, the molecule that will be DIRECTLY affected by the deficiency of magnesium ions in soil is A. starch. B. cellulose. C. chlorophyll. D. carbon dioxide. 57. What will happen if the human stomach is unable to secrete hydrochloric acid? A. Lipid digestion will inhibit B. Amylase enzyme will denature C. Stomach muscles will destruct D. Pepsinogen will remain inactive 58. Following are diseases that are related to dietary habits.  Heart diseases  Constipation  Inflammation of colon  Irritated bowl syndrome Which of the following diets is MOST likely to develop the given diseases? A. A diet with low fiber B. A diet with low sodium level C. A diet with moderate sugar content D. A diet with moderate unsaturated fats 59. Zaheer’s gut is unable to absorb mineral salts and water from the undigested food because of an abnormality in his A. stomach. B. oesophagus. C. large intestine. D. small intestine. 60. Which of the following CORRECTLY identifies the site of action of trypsin and pepsin in the alimentary canal of human?