NPB010 Lecture 19 - Human Biology Notes PDF

From collecting dust wrine goes to stores bladder - temporarily urine & -...

From collecting dust wrine goes to stores bladder - temporarily urine & - / from kidney & & & Y bladder stretches z cause urge to pee sphincter = ring of skeletal muscle Learn to control roluntarily to allow choice of pee location Don't hold pee too long backs up Don't into kidney bacteria interrupt pee can come up into bladder = infection  tend to We overhydrate total liquid intake advice - gallon 1 - ↳ from food & drink Ovenhydration is better than underhydra- Lion I the concentrated pee causes -kidney stones y dissolved toxins salts, ammonia , etc that "fall out of solution/ precipitate" and I become these stones. - Painful - can cause bladde infection Caffeine from coffee & redbullet ↳ acts as a dirrctic (cause you to make more pee) # ADH ↓ aquaporins in release = collecting duct y less -> reabsorption of water > - more pee * blood pressure - ↓ filtrate made Alcohol # ADH release -- more pee hangovers part dehydration are => Drink water before to going bed mone system) our protector Protects us from large parasites (worm) - - small extracellular threats (bacterial - small intracellular threats (virus) sometimes cell mutates 3 - a caneer - ↳ our own cell mutant proteins - don't look 100 % like our own protein Cancer fast growing cell cluster can also puch on other tissues & organ and interfere with function note not all bacteria Buirusses are makeuit K bad , some , help digest food , ou skin help prevents others from colonizing you. Immune system distinguishes self from non-self u - invasive Microbes healthy cells mutated calls To patrol immune cells are carried around in cardiovascular system + have specialized locations for development & specific location protection. We have primary & secondary immune sites Primary immune sites 1) Bone marrows all blood cells are born here = B cells of immune system also mature in bone marrow 2) Thymus &T cells of immune system mature - in thymus maturation to = learning distinguish self from non-self This takes 2 steps. 1) Can you parts make the proper no ? - kill themselves.  2) Do you recognize a protein of our own body yes ? - kill themselves After passing both tests , we send into to them our body patrol If you pass test 2 but cheated , & actually did recognize auto-immune a body protein => disease