NSC-150 Quiz 3 Study Guide - Weight Management & Eating Disorders PDF

NSC-150 Quiz 3 Study guide- Weight Management & Eating Disorders 20 questions multiple choice- You will have 20 minutes to complete it. **What are the regulations on nutritional supplements in the United States?** - Regulated by manufacturer (ingredients list, proclaimed benefits, potential...

NSC-150 Quiz 3 Study guide- Weight Management & Eating Disorders 20 questions multiple choice- You will have 20 minutes to complete it. **What are the regulations on nutritional supplements in the United States?** - Regulated by manufacturer (ingredients list, proclaimed benefits, potential side effects) until reported in which investigated by FDA. - Atheletes must find trusted supplement sources to prevent accidentally using banned substances **What are phytochemicals? What are some benefits of phytochemicals?** - Phytochemicals are chemicals that are used to assist or supplement needs in the body. Used to get the last little amount needed for recommended intake, taken with whole food sources. Help with disease prevention, mimic hormones, antioxidant production, and stimulate enzymes. **What are some genetic factors related to obesity?** - Monogenetic, syndromic, polygenetic, obesity, and chromosomal deletions **What are some environmental factors related to obesity?** - Childhood habits, stress, lack of sleep, obesogenic environment, smoking or GI diabetes **What health conditions are associated with obesity** - Increased inflammation, Type 2, CVD, Stroke, cancers sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, fatty liver, kidney disease, depression, pregnancy complication **What is BMI- how is it calculated (what factors go in to the calculation)** - Body Mass Index - (Weight divided by height) \^2 and multiplied by 703 **What is a normal/healthy BMI. What is obese BMI** - Normal/Healthy: 18.5-24.9 - Obese: Over 30 **Does BMI work for everyone? Why or why not?** - No, athletes have more muscle mass, additionally water weight plays a factor as does sex, ethnicity, and fat distribution **What is a waist circumference that increases risk for chronic disease** - 35" for women - 40' for men **What is body composition? What is a healthy (acceptable) body fat percentage for males and females** - Male athlete 5-10, normal 15-20 - Female athlete 8-15, normal 24-30 - Body composition is % body fat and % lean body mass **How can you estimate body composition?** - Hydro densitometry, Air displacement (bod pod) DEXA, skinfold testing **What are some appropriate guidelines & health tips for weight loss (calorie deficit, weight loss per week)** - 500-1,000 calories below estimated daily energy needs is recommended for weight loss, resulting in 1-2 pounds per week - Satiating foods that keep you full- fruits, veggies, protein, fibers, whole foods **What is a detrimental side effect of weight loss that is too fast** - Loss of muscle mass, drop-in metabolic rate, yoyo dieting **What is appropriate protein needs to preserve muscle mass** - 1.2g/kg/day or about 25-30g per meal **List some causes of eating disorders** - by body image, dieting, preoccupation with health, psychological influences, biological influence, family influence **Differentiate the following eating disorders (definition of, cause, profile, side effects, treatment)** - Anorexia Nervosa- someone who refuses to maintain minimal body weight for fear of gaining weight or creating a significant disturbance to their perception of their body. - Signs include dramatic weight loss, preoccupation with dieting, refusal to eat, feeling fat or overweight despite weight loss - Complications include abnormal heart rate and blood pressure, muscle loss and weakness, dehydration, fatigue, and bodily breakdown - Treated by focusing on restoring nutritional statues, normalizing eating and eaxercise habits, adjusting attitude and feelings about body image, weight, and self-esteem. - Bulimia Nervosa- Repeated episodes of binge eating followed by self-induced vomiting, intense exercise or fasting, - Signs include purging behaviors, laxatives, trips to bathroom following meals and damage to throat, hands, and knuckles. - Complications include electrolyte imbalance, heart failure, inflammation, tooth staining and decay, and bowel movements. - Treated by interrupting the binge-purge cycle, normalizing eating patterns, understanding emotional problems and conflicts that created the behavior. - Binge Eating Disorder- those who have constantly failed dieting and may be overweight, typically dealing with feeling uncomfortable and eating their feelings. - Signs include frequent episodes of uncontrolled overeating and feeling uncomfortable and out of control while eating. - Complications include high blood pressure, cholesterol, secondary diabetes, gall bladder disease, and heart disease (caused by processed foods) - Treated by normalizing eating patterns. Changing attitude about the relation between food and body size and understanding emotional factors. - Female Athlete Triad- Endurance college aged female athletes who experience disordered eating, osteoporosis, and amenorrhea while trying to stay lean and have low body weight for sport. - Signs include fatigue, amenia, electrolyte abnormalities, and increased number of fractures. - Complications include abnormally slow heart rate, bone fractures amenorrhea, osteoporosis, depression, fatigue, and electrolyte abnormalities. - Treated by normalizing eating patterns and exercise. Concentrate on feelings about weight, body image, self-esteem, and identity. - Body Dysmorphia- Imagined or slight effect in appearance that causes clinical distress or impairment in functioning - Signs include comparing appearance, checking for flaws, excessive makeup and clothing, excessive grooming, and medical research and treatments - Complications include high risk of injury due to exhaustion and dieting - Treated by normalizing eating and exercise patterns and becoming aware of cultural feelings for unrealistic body standards. **Discuss some guidelines to prevent eating disorders** - Don\'t restrict foods below the FDA amount, eat healthy snacks throughout the day. Establish reasonable weight goals and allow for time to achieve a reasonable healthy body composition. Additionally talk to specialists and others about their relationships with food and body.