N372 Exam 1 Study Guide PDF

**N372 Exam 1 Study Guide** **Cancer (10-12 Questions)** 1. Classification a. Drives treatment choices and allows communication and statistical information regarding survival to be given to patient b. Anatomic site c. Histology d. Staging i. Exten...

**N372 Exam 1 Study Guide** **Cancer (10-12 Questions)** 1. Classification a. Drives treatment choices and allows communication and statistical information regarding survival to be given to patient b. Anatomic site c. Histology d. Staging i. Extent of malignancy ii. Most common iii. Stage 0: cancer in situ (in place) iv. Stage IV: Metastasis 2. Prevention e. Limit alcohol f. Regular physical activity g. Maintain normal body weight h. Have regular physcials i. Obtain regular screenings j. Avoid cigarettes and other tobacco k. Be familiar with family history and genetic risk factors l. Get adequate rest m. Use sunscreen n. Limit stressors and enhance ability to effectively cope with stress o. Eat balanced diet 3. CAUTION p. Change in bowel or bladder habits q. A sore throat that does not heal r. Unusual bleeding or discharge from any orifice s. Thickening or a lump in breast or elsewhere t. Indigestion or difficulty swallowing u. Obvious change in wart or mole v. Nagging cough or hoarseness 4. Goals of CA treatment w. Cure x. Control y. Palliation 5. Debulking z. Surgery to remove parts of tumor to improve patient quality of life 6. CA treatment a. Surgery b. Chemotherapy v. Use of chemicals to kill rapidly dividing cells vi. Mainstay for solid and hematological cancers c. Radiation vii. External or internal viii. Sending rays of energy at cancer to shrink or kill of CA d. Immunotherapy/targeted therapy ix. Using patient's own immune system to target only CA cells 7. Chemotherapy e. IV best method of admin f. Use big IV 8. Intrathecal g. Inside lumbar space 9. Intraarterial h. Inserted in artery right before organ affected 10. Intravesical bladder i. Injected into bladder 11. Effects of chemo on normal tissue j. Acute reaction x. Cardiac k. Delayed reaction xi. Kidneys/liver l. Kills all rapidly dividing cells! 12. SE of chemo m. Bone marrow suppression xii. WBC, PLT, then RBC decline xiii. WBC suppression most dangerous- chemo won't kill, but infection will n. Alopecia o. Retching, NV p. Fear and anxiety q. Stomatitis/oral membrane issues 13. AGC r. Absolute granulocyte count s. \% WBC available to fight infection t. WBC x (Segs+bands) 14. Neutropenia care/education (1-2 questions) u. Neutropenic if neutrophil count \< 1500 v. Chemo held if \