Masculinity PDF

MASCULINITY Intended Learning Outcomes Debate on the idea that masculinity is a contruct. Research on cases reflecting the concept of masculity as an oppression to men.  Men and Gender Studies discuss the idea of manhood and masculinities from both local and international data m...

MASCULINITY Intended Learning Outcomes Debate on the idea that masculinity is a contruct. Research on cases reflecting the concept of masculity as an oppression to men.  Men and Gender Studies discuss the idea of manhood and masculinities from both local and international data men are often seen as the template for all genders STRAIGHT – men that are attracted to people from the opposite gender, such as women CISGENDER – men that see themselves as men, and often ascribe to themselves the role of the masculine self as dictated by society MASCULINITY – the prevalent notion which shapes all aspects of society  Beginning of Masculinity CAROL GILLIGAN - American Psychologist known for her study of women’s way of learning - women are trained to be caring and nurturing - women learn FEMININITY through association or attachment  Beginning of Masculinity men working solely outside their homes the presence of the female and the absence of the male led to boys learning masculinity through dissociation from their mothers Men’s way of knowing are more distanced. men learn to be men through dissociation and separation boys learn masculinity from what they see on media and interactions in their schools men lack empathy because they are actually socialized to be What Makes a Man a Man? Man is strong by means of age, biology, and physical ability. Different Kinds of Strength physical emotional mental MANHOOD – tough, brave, strong MASCULINITY – “fluid”, though one thing remain constant: the need to prove masculinity What Makes a Man a Man? FOUR RULES OF AMERICAN MASCULINITY 1. No Sissy Stuff 2. Be a Big Wheel 3. Be a Sturdy Oak 4. Give em’ Hell  What Makes a Man a Man? Hegemonic Masculinity There are various forms of masculinities, at a given time only one masculinity dominates the gender hierarchy above all femininities and other masculinities. It explains why some men who act a certain way feel as though they can dominate both men and women.  Proving Masculinity men act to prove themselves to women men also prove and compare themselves to other men MANHOOD IS HARD TO WIN No actual rituals signal the transition of a boy into manhood but in subcultures devise ways to initiate a boy into male adulthood like initiation process to enter fraternities, gangs, and clubs. physical activities, sports, or public acts of homophobia Manhood requires proof that can lead to danger and violent task  Proving Masculinity Examples of Masculine Culture LAD CULTURE men and women may move into and out of, which may shape their identities and attitudes and frame their experience of university life a concept often linked to the crisis of masculinity in the West in which men in colleges or universities perpetuate traditions that objectify and sexualized others  Proving Masculinity Examples of Masculine Culture RAUNCH CULTURE related to lad culture because of the potential and actual harm it can cause students, from binge drinking to harassment often associated with pressing issues such as violence against women in schools, sexual harassment, and discrimination against the LGBT, religious groups, or ethnicities  Proving Masculinity Examples of Masculine Culture HOOKUP CULTURE counterpart of lad culture in the U.S. sexual activity is regarded as the transition marker from boyhood to manhood dominant public norms tell men to distance themselves emotionally from women, objectify girls, and sleep around prevent men from experiencing intimate relationship  An Aversion to the Feminine: Masculinity as Homophobia heterosexual men project their identities, against whom they stack the desks as to compete in a situation that they will always win MANHOOD – defined in relation to womanhood or opposition to women; provides the behaviors expected of men Boys are punish for acting in a non-masculine way. Masculinity, through dissociation with women, may have become a form of homophobia.  An Aversion to the Feminine: Masculinity as Homophobia HOMOPHOBIA – the fear that a man can and will become gay or feminine HOMOPHOBIA – the cause of sexism, racism, and heterosexism as it is an aversion to becoming the “other” or the non-dominant masculinity MASCULINITY – the desire to be not women or not feminine, which has become fragile due to the changing gender norms of society  Masculinity as Power The ever-pervading fear of losing one’s masculinity may be tied to the fear of losing power. A powerful man controls various resources. When the masculinity of the man is challenged, he loses power unless he defends himself. Sexist, homophobic, or racist statement are often part of heterosexual masculinity. The fear of women and LGBTs causes silent that is mistaken for consent. The fear represents and demonstrates that a society thinks lowly of women.  Men as the Masculine Generic and Male Entitlement Men are viewed as the masculine generic. Privilege makes a man’s gender invisible. The lack of recognition that men are gendered beings has excluded men from conversations on gender. women, LGBTs and others fight for gender equality (a fight that is non-straight or non-male concern) Men may see themselves weak despite of the numerous privileges given to them. Men may feel the need to prove their manhood through violence, addiction, and oppressing non-dominant group. Men and Fragile Masculinities Masculinity is fragile because it can be easily lost. GENDER-ROLE CONFLICT SCALE (GRCS) the amount of psychological conflict, anxiety, tension, and general negative emotion surrounding the male gender role having one’s masculinity challenged causes the greatest stress in most men it is difficult to maintain manhood if the very thing men define themselves is changing  The Responsibility of Man It is necessary to change the attitudes of men towards gender equality, to show that it is also beneficial for them. Men have no way to adjust their changing role because they do not see themselves as gendered being. An end to traditional masculinity, given its harmful nature, could be the big step in the direction of global equal rights.  Is the Philippines a Masculine Country? The Philippines leans towards a masculinity society in which 64 on a scale of 1 to 100. The Philippines masculine values include competition, achievement, and success. Since the Philippines is a community-oriented country, its focus is the global competition and personal achievements.  Is the Philippines a Masculine Country? FILIPINO MASCULINITY changing due to migration and globalization becoming more Westernized men were made to be dominant, tough, and oriented toward building camaraderie among themselves BARKADA seen as a brotherhood, a space for men to men UNDER THE SAYA men who were seen as subjected under their wives’ control  Is the Philippines a Masculine Country? Filipino masculinities are driven by their status as the main actors and as drivers of development and wealth creation. Ritual feasting, conspicuous consumption, and displays of skill and strength were means to assert the worth of men. With the imposition of western civilization, women were excluded and males clubs and male capacities were given higher regard.  Is the Philippines a Masculine Country? Masculinities were constructed to pressure Filipino men to be more manly. Evolved from effeminate babaylan and spirit-possessed warrior to the macho-posturing men of today as exemplified by basketball players, hunk actors, and business tycoons. As men define themselves and society define men, their self-realization should be creative and not destructive. Masculinity, as much as femininity, is a human project. Thank You ☺