LEC 2 - Cell Biology PDF

Matching Type (10 items)** Match the structure or scientist with their correct description: 1. **Ribosome** 2. **Golgi apparatus** 3. **Mitochondrion** 4. **Robert Hooke** 5. **Anton Van Leeuwenhoek** 6. **Matthias Schleiden** 7. **Theodor Schwann** 8. **Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum** 9. **Lysosome*...

Matching Type (10 items)** Match the structure or scientist with their correct description: 1. **Ribosome** 2. **Golgi apparatus** 3. **Mitochondrion** 4. **Robert Hooke** 5. **Anton Van Leeuwenhoek** 6. **Matthias Schleiden** 7. **Theodor Schwann** 8. **Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum** 9. **Lysosome** 10. **Rudolph Virchow** **A. Site of protein synthesis** **B. Packages and modifies cellular products** **C. "Powerhouse" of the cell** **D. Discovered and named cells using cork slices** **E. Observed live cells and "animalcules"** **F. Proposed that plants are made of cells** **G. Suggested animals are made of cells** **H. Involved in making proteins and contains ribosomes** **I. Digests and removes waste materials, also called the "suicidal bag"** **J. Proposed that all cells come from pre-existing cells** --- ### **True or False (10 items)** 1. The nucleus controls all cellular activities. 2. Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus. 3. Mitochondria produce energy in the form of ATP. 4. Osmosis is a type of active transport. 5. The cell wall is found in both plant and animal cells. 6. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for protein synthesis. 7. Phospholipids form the basic structure of the cell membrane. 8. Glycolysis is part of cellular respiration and takes place in the cytoplasm. 9. Lysosomes break down foreign materials and are involved in autophagy. 10. The Golgi apparatus helps in the synthesis of ATP. --- ### **Multiple Choice (20 items)** 1. Which of the following is a function of the **smooth endoplasmic reticulum**? A. Protein synthesis B. Lipid synthesis C. Energy production D. DNA replication 2. What is the **main function** of the nucleus? A. Protein synthesis B. Lipid production C. Genetic control center D. Energy production 3. Which structure is involved in **modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins**? A. Rough ER B. Ribosome C. Golgi apparatus D. Lysosome 4. **What process** moves molecules from a high to low concentration across a membrane without energy? A. Active transport B. Facilitated diffusion C. Osmosis D. Diffusion 5. Which structure contains **digestive enzymes** to break down waste in a cell? A. Nucleus B. Lysosome C. Golgi apparatus D. Mitochondrion 6. **Which of the following is NOT true** about prokaryotic cells? A. They lack a nucleus. B. They contain ribosomes. C. They have membrane-bound organelles. D. They have a cell wall. 7. Which cellular process involves the **production of energy in the form of ATP**? A. Photosynthesis B. Cellular respiration C. Protein synthesis D. DNA replication 8. Which part of the cell is responsible for the **synthesis of proteins**?  A. Golgi apparatus B. Ribosome C. Smooth ER D. Mitochondria 9. What is the **fluid inside the cell membrane**, excluding the nucleus, called? A. Cytoplasm B. Nucleoplasm C. Cytosol D. Protoplasm 10. **Which organelle** is responsible for storing materials such as water and nutrients? A. Vacuole B. Lysosome C. Vesicle D. Ribosome 11. **Who proposed** that all living organisms are made of cells? A. Robert Hooke B. Matthias Schleiden C. Anton Van Leeuwenhoek D. Theodor Schwann 12. What structure allows the **prokaryotic cell to move**? A. Flagella B. Pili C. Ribosome D. Cytoskeleton 13. The process of **moving large molecules into the cell using vesicles** is called: A. Exocytosis B. Endocytosis C. Active transport D. Diffusion 14. **Which of the following molecules** makes up the bilayer of cell membranes? A. Proteins B. Phospholipids C. Carbohydrates D. RNA 15. In which **organelle** does cellular respiration take place? A. Ribosome B. Mitochondria  C. Nucleus D. Golgi apparatus 16. **The heads of phospholipids** in the cell membrane are: A. Hydrophobic B. Non-polar C. Hydrophilic D. Electrically charged 17. **Which organelle** is described as the "suicidal bag" because it digests foreign materials? A. Ribosome B. Lysosome C. Golgi apparatus D. Nucleus 18. The **matrix of the cytoplasm** is referred to as: A. Cytosol B. Protoplasm C. Cytoplasm D. Nucleoplasm 19. **The Kreb Cycle** is part of: A. Photosynthesis B. Fermentation C. Glycolysis D. Cellular respiration 20. **Who first discovered** and named the cell? A. Anton Van Leeuwenhoek B. Robert Hooke C. Theodor Schwann D. Matthias Schleiden 21. Which structure is primarily responsible for **oxidation reactions** and breaking down hydrogen peroxide? A. Lysosome B. Peroxisome C. Mitochondria D. Vacuole 22. The **centrosome** contains which structure, essential for cell division? A. Flagella B. Centrioles C. Microfilaments  D. Ribosomes 23. **Which of the following is produced** during the **Kreb Cycle**? A. Pyruvate B. NADH and FADH2 C. Glucose D. Lactic Acid 24. The **main product** of the **Preparatory Reaction** in cellular respiration is: A. ATP B. Acetyl CoA C. NADH D. FADH2 25. **Fermentation** is a process that takes place: A. Only in the presence of oxygen B. Without the use of oxygen C. During the Kreb Cycle D. Only in eukaryotic cells