LEC16 - Toxicology & Drug Analysis PDF

Toxicology & Drug Analysis LEC16 – Friday November 15th Foundations in Forensic Science  Test II Grades LAB05 Computer Forensics Course Update Online Lab 2 Forensic Anthropology Topics Covered by Interp...

Toxicology & Drug Analysis LEC16 – Friday November 15th Foundations in Forensic Science  Test II Grades LAB05 Computer Forensics Course Update Online Lab 2 Forensic Anthropology Topics Covered by Interpol Quality assurance Driving under influence Surveillance in workplace Drug facilitated crimes New Psychoactive Substance Advances in technology Interpretation of toxicological results Quality Assurance Methods LC-MS/MS for NPS for blood, urine and oral fluid LC-MS/MS for benzodiazepines in blood and urine GC-MS/MS ELISA Blind quality control best tool for Forensics BAC average difference -0.4 to -6.3% Cognitive bias Bias minimizing strategies suggested Driving under the influence Capillary blood vs venous blood Controlled drinking study to compare BAC with BrAC Highly correlated Ethanol stability over time 3 months, △ETOH concentration -0.006 g/dL to -0.023 g/dL Antemortem blood, -ve remained –ve, +ve did vary Samples Blood and urine samples Oral fluid samples Hair Roadside testing Concentrations Topics Covered by Interpol Surveillance in the workplace Urine, hair, oral fluid Passive or occupational exposure Drug facilitated crimes Homicide, robberies, human trafficking, kidnapping and sexual assault New Psychoactive Substance Synthetic cannabinoids, brorphine, designer benzodiazepines, etc. Advances in technology LC-MS/MS, High Res MS, Interpretation of toxicological results Hair, nails, cerumen, oral fluid, bone marrow, dental calculus Drug Analysis More discriminatory analyses are required Standards are required for previously unknown drugs or new designer drugs Altered/similar designer drugs 1. Identification Quick, easy, cheap 2. Classification New and standard 3. Discrimination Low error rates Cocaine Electrochemical sensor for direct detection of cocaine Comparison study of the performance of three spectroscopic techniques (MIR, Raman and NIR) Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS) and LC-MS/MS for detection of cocaine on banknotes (Switzerland) Portable handheld Raman spectrometer for detection of cocaine Statistical analysis of the cutting agents found in 2118 cocaine samples that were seized in the NorthernRegion of Colombia from 2015 to 2017 Review of research articles on chromatog raphy and mass spectrometry techniques used for the detection of cocaine, published between 2015 and 2021 Fentanyl Carfentanil - systematic analysis of the sale of Carfentanil on the darknet Electrochemical method for field detection of fentanyl Other techniques: FTIR Raman GC-MS Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) Analysis to determine LSD analogues Blotter papers using square wave voltammetry Cluster of cases of powdered LSD being purchased as cocaine Marijuana Many detection methods: GC-MS, LC-MS/MS, NIR, C, etc. Examination of phytocannabinoids Review of electrochemical sensors Evaluation of the effectiveness and efficiency of two STR multiplex systems to individualize and differentiate seized Cannabis sativa samples by geographic region Study of 73 Cannabis sativa whole-genome shotgun libraries to reveal eight different mtDNA haplotypes Methamphetamine Fluorescent nanosensor using GQD Smartphone based device for MA detection Stereoselective profiling of methamphetamine at a wastewater treatment plant Ectrochemical detection technique to determine the residual methamphetamine contamination on household surfaces Chemical profile for samples received as part of the National Measurement Institute’s Methylamphetamine Profiling Program Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) for the sensitive determination of MA 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) Characterization of seized ecstasy tablets using GC-MS and UV spectroscopy Electrochemical method for MDMA detection in seized samples MDMA-related mortality trends across Australia, Finland, Portugal and Turkey Quantitative analysis of 302 substances suspected by police to contain MDMA and seized at New South Wales music festivals between October 2019 and March 2020 Development of a method for the detection of MDMA in latent fingerprints using surface plasmon resonance and lateral flow technology Mushrooms Immunochemical detection method for monitoring psilocybin and psilocin in dried powder of hallucinogenic mushroom Medicinal properties and bioactive compounds from 79 species of wild mushrooms native to North America DNA-based identification of hallucinogenic mushrooms Phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of seven wild mushrooms Miscellaneous Topics Immunochromatographic test strip for the simultaneous detection of phenacetin and paracetamol is spiked beverages A polymer that imitates the odor of cocaine HCI using molecular printing technology intended for the conditioning of drug detection dogs Analysis of 64, 420, 376 drug-related posts made between January 2011 and December 2018 on Reddit using diachronic word embeddings of substances discussed on social media Characterization of the risk associated with unintentional occupational exposure to drugs for law enforcement officers