JDB_Module9-GE2-RPH PDF - Readings in Philippine History

Readings in Philippine History 9 One Past but many Histories: Controversies and Conflicting Views in Philippine History: “Cry of Balintawak or Pugad Lawin” Mr. Jason D. Bagarinao, LPT  NO. 9 Readings in Philippin...

Readings in Philippine History 9 One Past but many Histories: Controversies and Conflicting Views in Philippine History: “Cry of Balintawak or Pugad Lawin” Mr. Jason D. Bagarinao, LPT  NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History One Past but many Histories: Controversies and Conflicting Views in Philippine History: “Cry of Balintawak or Pugad Lawin” ▪ To interpret historical events using primary sources. ▪ To recognize the multiplicity of interpretation than can be read from a historical text. ▪ To identify the advantages and disadvantages of employing critical tools in interpreting historical events through primary sources. ▪ To demonstrate ability to argue for or against a particular issue using primary sources.  NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History ▪ This module critically analyzes Philippine history from multiple perspectives through the lens of selected primary sources. Priority will be given to primary sources that describe the important turning points in Philippine history from prehistoric times up to the contemporary period and articulate various perspectives.  NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History ▪ The approach, though historical, will deal with interdisciplinary subjects so as to broaden and deepen the student’s understanding of Philippine political, economic, social and cultural history and equip the learner with the competencies necessary to analyze and evaluate different types of information: print, visual and audio-visual, and quantitative.  NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History ▪ The end goal is to develop the historical and critical consciousness of the students so that they will become versatile, broad-minded, morally upright and responsible citizens.  NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History The Cry of Balintawak (Filipino: Sigaw ng Balíntawak, Spanish: Grito de Balíntawak), was the beginning of the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish Empire. NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History Case Study 4: Where Did the Cry of Rebellion Happen? Momentous event swept the Spanish colonies in the late nineteenth century, including the Philippines. Journalists of the time referred to the phrase “El Grito de Rebelion” or “Cry of Rebellion” to mark the start of these revolutionary events, identifying the places where it happened, In the Philippines, this happened in August 1896, northeast of Manila, where they declared rebellion against the Spanish colonial government. These events are important markers in the history of colonies that struggled for their independence against their colonizers. NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History The controversy regarding this event stems from the identification of the date and place where the Cry happened. Prominent Filipino historian Teodoro Agoncillo emphasizes the event when Bonifacio tore the cedula or identified the first military event with the Spaniards as the moment of the Cry, for, Emilio Aguinaldo commissioned an “Himno de Balintawak” to inspire the renewed struggle after the Pact of the Biak-na-Bato failed. A monument of the Heroes of 1896 was created in what is now the intersection of Epifanio de los Santos (EDSA) Avenue and Andres Bonifacio Drive-North Diversion road, and from then on until 1962, the Cry of Balintawak was celebrated every 26th of August. The site of the monument was chosen for unknown reason. NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History Primary Source: Accounts of the Cry Guillermo Masangkay Source: Guillermo Masangkay, “Cry of Balintawak” in Gregorio Zaide and Sonia Zaide, documentary Sources of Philippine History, Volume 8 (Manila: National Book Store, 1990), 307-309. On August 26th, a big meeting was held in Balintawak, at the house of Apolonio Samson, then cabeza of that barrio of Caloocan. Among those who attended, I remember, were Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto, Aguedo del Rosario, Tomas Remigio, Briccio Pantas, Teodoro Plata, Pio Valenzuela, Enrique Pacheco, and Francisco Carreon. They were all leaders of the of the Katipunan and composed the board of directors of the organization. Delegates from Bulacan, Cabanatuan, Cavite, and Morong were also present. NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History At about nine o’clock in the morning of August 26, the meeting was opened with Andres Bonifacio presiding and Emilio Jacinto acting as secretary. The purpose was to discuss when the uprising was to take place. Teodoro Plata, Briccio Pantas, and Pio Valenzuela were all opposed to starting the revolution too early…Andres Bonifacio, sensing that he would lose in the discussion then, left the session hall and talked to the people, who were waiting outside for the result of the meeting of the leaders. He told the people that the leaders were arguing against starting the revolution early, and appealed to them in a fiery speech in which he said: “You remember the fate of our countrymen who were shot in Bagumbayan. Should we return now to the town, the Spaniards will only shoot us. Our organization has been discovered and we are all marked men. If we don’t start the uprising, the Spaniards will get us anyway. What then, do you say? NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History “Revolt!” the people shouted as one. Bonifacio then asked the people to give a pledge that they were to revolt. He told that the sign of slavery of the Filipino were (sic)the cedula tax charges each citizen. “If it is true that you are ready to revolt…I want to see you destroy your cedulas. It will be a sign that all of us have declared our severance from the Spaniards.” Pio Valenzuela Source: Pio Valenzuela, “Cry of Balintawak” in Gregorio Zaide and Sonia Zaide, documentary Sources of Philippine History, Volume 8 (Manila: National Book Store, 1990), 301-302 NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History The first place of refuge of Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto, Procopio Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Aguedo del Rosario, and myself was Balintawak, the first five arriving there on August 19, and I, on August 20, 1896. The first place where some 500 members of the Katipunan met on August 22, 1896, was the house and yard of Apolonio Samson at Kangkong. Aside from the person mentioned above, among those who were there were Briccio Pantas, Alejandro Santiago, Ramon Bernardo, Apolonio Samson, and others. Here, views were only exchanged, and no resolution was debated or adopted. NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History It was at Pugad Lawin, the house, store-house, and yard of Juan Ramos, son of Melchora Aquino, where over 1,000 members of the Katipunan met and carried out considerable debate and discussion on August 23, 1896. The discussion was on whether or not the revolution against the Spanish government should be started on August 29, 1896…After the tumultuous meeting, many of those present tore their cedula certificates and shouted “Long live the Philippines! Long live the Philippines!” NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History From the eyewitness accounts presented, there is indeed marked disagreement among historical witnesses as to the place and time of the occurrence of Cry. Using primary and secondary sources, four places have been identified: Balintawak, Kangkong, Pugad Lawin, and Bahay Toro, while the dates vary: 23, 24, 25, or 26 August 1896. Valenzuela’s account should be read with caution: He once told a Spanish investigator that the “Cry” happened in Balintawak on Wednesday, 26 August 1896. Much later, he wrote in his Memoirs of the Revolution that it happened at Pugad Lawin on 23 August 1896. Such inconsistencies in accounts should always be seen as a red flag when dealing with primary sources. NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History According to Guerrero, Encarnacion, and Villegas, all these places are in Balintawak, then part of Caloocan, now, in Quezon City. As for the dates, Bonifacio and his troops may have been moving from one place to another to avoid being located by the Spanish government, which could explain why there are several accounts of the Cry. NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History According to Guerrero, Encarnacion, and Villegas, all these places are in Balintawak, then part of Caloocan, now, in Quezon City. As for the dates, Bonifacio and his troops may have been moving from one place to another to avoid being located by the Spanish government, which could explain why there are several accounts of the Cry. NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History According to Guerrero, Encarnacion, and Villegas, all these places are in Balintawak, then part of Caloocan, now, in Quezon City. As for the dates, Bonifacio and his troops may have been moving from one place to another to avoid being located by the Spanish government, which could explain why there are several accounts of the Cry. NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History According to Guerrero, Encarnacion, and Villegas, all these places are in Balintawak, then part of Caloocan, now, in Quezon City. As for the dates, Bonifacio and his troops may have been moving from one place to another to avoid being located by the Spanish government, which could explain why there are several accounts of the Cry. NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History MD-9.1.1 “Argumentative Discourse on The Cry of Balintawak” Pen & Paper none  NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History MD-9.1.1 Let’s Analyze Directions: Answer the following question in paragraph form. 1. Analyze and explain the difference between Masangkay and Valenzuela’s accounts.  NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History MD-9.1.1 For Flexible Distance Learning: ▪ Screenshot of hand written answer on bond paper and uploaded at Edmodo Apps For Modular Distance Learning: ▪ Handwritten bond paper and submitted at AISAT Campus ▪ Five days after the discussion. ▪ December 4, 2020 NO. 9 Readings in Philippine History “Education is the passport to the future, for tomorrow belongs to those who prepare for it today”