Ip Chem Lab Report PDF

**INDEX** +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **S.** | **TOPIC** | **PG.** | | | | | | **NO.** | | **NO.**...

**INDEX** +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **S.** | **TOPIC** | **PG.** | | | | | | **NO.** | | **NO.** | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | 1. | INTRODUCTION | 2 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 2. | AIM | 3 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 3. | REQUIREMENTS | 3 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 4. | PROCEDURE | 5 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 5. | OBSERVATION & | 6 | | | INFERENCE | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 6. | RESULT | 9 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 7. | PRECAUTIONS | 10 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | 8. | BIBLIOGRAPHY | 10 | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ **Introduction** Vegetable juice (*also referred as: Green Drink*) is a juice drink made primarily of blended vegetables and also available in the form of powders. Vegetable juice is often mixed with fruits such as apples or grapes to improve flavor. It is often touted as a low-sugar alternative to fruit juice, although some commercial brands of vegetable juices use fruit juices as sweeteners, and may contain large amounts of sodium. Our body needs important nutrients to support its healthy condition. That is why it is imperative that our food consumption should include healthy foods that contain good amount of nutrients sufficient enough to supply our body with its required daily nutrition. Nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, etc. are play vital and specific role to develop and sustain body. It is said that '*a healthy mind resides in a healthy body*'. Our health is, primarily, dependent on a few key components of our daily life. Of these, the food we eat is one. Food provides us with energy and nutrients our body requires. Thus, these nutrients play a significant role in the maintenance of our health. Vegetables are a good source of these nutrients & provide instant energy. As their juices are digested easily, they are a good form in which to consume these nutrients. *The advantages of consuming vegetable juices are as follows:* 1. *It help retain moisture in the body.* 2. *It provide abundant fibre which cleanses our body of toxins.* 3. *It help maintain regular bowel movements.* **AIM** To detect the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, oils and fats and minerals in vegetable juices. **REQUIREMENTS** I. Vegetable Juice II. pH Paper III. Test Tube IV. Burner V. Funnel VI. Filter Paper VII. Measuring Tube VIII. Iodine Solution IX. Sodium Hydroxide Solution (NaOH) X. Copper Sulphate Solution (CuSO~4~) XI. Fehling's Solution A & B XII. Picric Acid (C~6~H~3~N~3~O~7~) XIII. Ammonium Chloride Solution (NH~4~Cl) XIV. Ammonium Hydroxide Solution (NH~4~OH) XV. Ammonium Oxalate Solution ((NH~4~)~2~C~2~O~4~) XVI. Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate Solution (Na~2~HPO~4~) XVII. Concentrated Nitric Acid (conc.HNO~3~) **PROCEDURE** 1. *Test For Starch* -- Take 2ml of vegetable juice in a test tube, and add a few drops of iodine solution to it. If the solution turns blue in color it indicates the presence of starch. 2. *Test for Proteins* -- Take 5ml of 5% of NaOH solution and add 2 drops of CuSO~4~ and add juice and shake well. If the solution turns violet in color it indicates the presence of proteins. 3. *Test For Carbohydrates* -- To the juice, added 2ml of Fehling's solution A and 1ml of Fehling's solution B in a Test tube. If the solution turns red it indicates the presence of sugar. 4. *Test For Potassium* -- Add 2ml of juice in a test tube and picric acid, yellow color precipitate indicates the presence of potassium. 5. *Test for Magnesium* -- To the juice added NH~4~OH and excess Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate to test tube with a glass rod. White precipitate indicates the presence of magnesium. 6. *Test For Calcium* -- Add 2 ml of vegetable juice, added NH~4~Cl solution. Filter the solution and to the filtrate add 2 ml of ammonium oxalate solution. White precipitate indicates the presence of calcium. 7. *Test For Acidity* -- Take juice in a test tube and pH values should be noted down by dipping it in the test-tube. If it turns red, the juice is acidic else it is basic. **OBSERVATION & INFERENCE** A. Carrot juice: Test Observation Inference --------------- ------------- ----------- Starch Proteins Carbohydrates Potassium Magnesium Calcium Acidity B. Tomato juice: Test Observation Inference --------------- ------------- ----------- Starch Proteins Carbohydrates Potassium Magnesium Calcium Acidity C. Cucumber juice test Observation Inference --------------- ------------- ----------- Starch Proteins Carbohydrates Potassium Magnesium Calcium Acidity **RESULT** After performing the tests for carbohydrates, proteins, fats and minerals, following can be concluded about their presence in different vegetables : - Tomato contains potassium, magnesium & calcium. - Cucumber contains carbohydrates, calcium, potassium. - Carbohydrates and starch are absent in tomato and carrot. **PRECAUTIONS** - Do not add excess acid for various test. - Juices with dark colour are suggested to be diluted, as the colour of juice may change the colour of expected observation. **BIBLIOGRAPHY** - [www.thechemistryguru.com](http://www.thechemistryguru.com) -