Kolhberg's Theory of Moral Development PDF

Let’s learn all about KOHLBERG'S THEORY OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT REPORTERS: BARTOLOME, JENELYN TORRECHILLA, QUEZIAH NICOLE OMAR, FARHANNAH ROMERO, ARNIE VARGAS, FRENCIS ERIKA ANDOR, MOHAMMAD AL-QAF SERRANO, GLEZZA BREAKER  UH-OH! WHAT WILL YOU CHOOSE? MECHANICS...

Let’s learn all about KOHLBERG'S THEORY OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT REPORTERS: BARTOLOME, JENELYN TORRECHILLA, QUEZIAH NICOLE OMAR, FARHANNAH ROMERO, ARNIE VARGAS, FRENCIS ERIKA ANDOR, MOHAMMAD AL-QAF SERRANO, GLEZZA BREAKER  UH-OH! WHAT WILL YOU CHOOSE? MECHANICS 1. WE PLAY MUSIC AND PASS THE RULER AROUND THE ROOM. 2. WHEN THE MUSIC STOPS, THE PERSON HOLDING THE RULER WILL PARTICIPATE. 3. THE SELECTED PARTICIPANT CHOOSES A NUMBER (1 TO 5) FROM THE POWERPOINT SLIDE. 4. READ THE DILEMMA LINKED TO THE CHOSEN NUMBER, AND THE PARTICIPANT ANSWERS IT. 5. ALLOW FOR A BRIEF DISCUSSION WHERE OTHER PARTICIPANTS CAN SHARE THEIR THOUGHTS. 6. PLAY MUSIC AGAIN, PASS THE RULER, AND CONTINUE UNTIL EVERYONE HAS HAD A CHANCE TO ANSWER. While walking, you find a wallet full of money. Your mother is seriously ill and needs money for her treatment, and This is the only opportunity you have to get money for her treatment. Would you keep the wallet to help pay for her treatment, or return it, even though you can’t afford her treatment? Imagine you are on a lifeboat in the middle of the ocean with a limited supply of food and water. There are 10 people on the lifeboat, but it can only support 7 people without sinking. How do you decide who gets to stay on the lifeboat and who has to leave? You see a friend cheating during your midterm examination. Do you report it to the teacher, or ignore it to avoid ruining your friendship? You are a doctor in a country with expensive healthcare. A young patient needs surgery but cannot afford it. You know that without the surgery, the patient could die. The hospital refuses to perform the surgery due to cost. Would you break the hospital’s policy and treat the patient for free, prioritizing their life, or would you follow the rules and deny treatment to avoid personal consequences? Your friend asks you to lie to their parents about where they were last night. Do you agree, refuse, or try to find a compromise?  TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE THEORY DISCUSSION OF THE THEORY EXAMPLE SITUATION CONCLUSION  LEARNING GOALS Students will understand... Students will be able to... How Kohlberg’s theory shows the Identify Kohlberg’s stages of moral development of moral thinking from development and apply them to real-life following rules to using ethical principles. situations. The link between cognitive growth and Analyze how people at different moral moral development, and how it affects stages (preconventional, conventional, decision-making at different stages. postconventional) would solve the same The importance of moral dilemmas in moral problem. understanding moral development and Explain how Kohlberg’s theory helps to how people think through ethical understand moral reasoning in different decisions. cultures and ages. LAWRENCE KOHLBERG LAWRENCE KOHLBERG (1927-1987) AN AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST KNOWN FOR HIS THEORY OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT. HE EXPANDED ON JEAN PIAGET'S WORK PROPOSING SIX STAGES OF MORAL REASONING, GROUPED INTO THREE LEVELS. HEINZ DILEMMA WHAT IS HEINZ DILEMMA? WHAT SHOULD HEINZ DO?  HEINZ DILEMMA Heinz Dilemma is a famous moral dilemma posed by Kohlberg to study moral reasoning and development. "A European woman was dying of cancer. Her husband, Heinz, couldn't afford the $2,000 life- saving medicine, offered $1,000, but the druggist refused. Desperate, Heinz broke into the store to steal the medicine to save his wife" WHAT IS MORAL DEVELOPMENT?  MORAL DEVELOPMENT Focuses on the thinking process that occurs when one decides whether a behavior is right or wrong. Theory of moral development states that people's morality evolves over time and can be categorized into three levels and six stage HOW DID KOHLBERG DEVELOP HIS THEORY OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT? EARLY THEORIES IN MORAL DEVELOPMENT JEAN PIAGET  PIAGET TWO MAIN STAGES Heteronomous Morality Autonomous Morality Children see rules as fixed and Children start to understand that unchangeable regardless of the rules are made by people and for people intention to help along better KOHLBERG'S THEORY OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT SIX STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT  Level 1 PRE- CONVENTIONAL MORALITY Stage 1 Stage 2 Obedience and Individualism and Punishment exchange Orientation  EXAMPLES Stage 1 Stage 2 A child avoids stealing a A child shares their cookie because they toy with another child know they will be because they expect punished. something in return, like a toy in exchange.  Level 2 CONVENTIONAL MORALITY Stage 3 Stage 4 Good Interpersonal Maintaining the Relationships social order  EXAMPLES Stage 3 Stage 4 A teenager helps a friend A young adult pays their cheat on a test because taxes because they believe they want to be liked and it's their civic duty to uphold accepted by their peer the law and contribute to group. society.  Level 3 POST-CONVENTIONAL MORALITY Stage 5 Stage 6 Social Contract and Universal individual rights principles  EXAMPLES Stage 5 Stage 6 An adult participates in a Journalists who report on peaceful protest against a government corruption law they believe is unjust, are doing something very even though they risk legal dangerous. consequences. ANOTHER WAY TO VIEW KOHLBERG'S STAGES, ESPECIALLY WHEN COMBINED WITH PIAGET'S THEORY STAGE 1 RESPECT FOR POWER AND PUNISHMENT STAGE 2 LOOKING OUT FOR #1 STAGE 3 BEING A "GOOD BOY" OR "NICE GIRL." STAGE 4 LAW AND ORDER THINKING STAGE 5 JUSTICE THROUGH DEMOCRACY DECIDING ON BASIC MORAL PRINCIPLES BY WHICH YOU STAGE 6 WILL LIVE YOUR LIFE AND RELATE TO EVERYONE FAIRLY RESPECT FOR POWER AND PUNISHMENT Age: 1-5 Motto: "Might makes right." Children follow rules to avoid punishment and gain approval from authority figures. LOOKING OUT FOR #1 Age: 5-10 Motto: "What's in it for me?" Children act out of self-interest, focusing on personal gain, often without regard for others' rights.  BEING A "GOOD BOY" OR "NICE GIRL Age: 8-16 Motto: "I want to be nice." Individuals seek approval from others (parents, teachers, peers) and conform to social expectations. LAW AND ORDER THINKING Age: 16+ Motto: "I'll do my duty." People follow laws and rules to maintain social order, believing that breaking them should lead to punishment.  JUSTICE THROUGH DEMOCRACY Motto: "I'll live by the rules or try to change them." Individuals recognize that laws should serve a moral purpose and can be changed if they no longer do so. DECIDING ON BASIC MORAL PRINCIPLES BY WHICH YOU WILL LIVE YOUR LIFE AND RELATE TO EVERYONE FAIRLY Motto: "I will live by my moral principles." Few individuals reach this stage. They follow universal moral principles, like equality and justice, even if they conflict with laws or traditions.  PROBLEMS WITH KOHLBERG'S THEORY Kohlberg's dilemmas are seen as artificial. Concerns about subjects' lack of real-life experience. All-male sample raises bias claims. Theory reflects a male-centric view of morality. Women's morality is characterized by compassion. CONCLUSION Thanks for listening! THE END! REFERENCES