Science Technology & Society (GEC 4103) Module 1 Midterm PDF

Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology Acc. No.: M2700903PM First Semester, A.Y 202...

Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology Acc. No.: M2700903PM First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Certificate Number: AJA16.0920 SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY ( GEC 4103 ) Module 1 MIDTERM PERIOD PREPARED BY: ASSOC. PROF.OLIVIA B.PINEDA, MPA ASSOC. PROF. LUDIVINA A. CUNANAN, MT Philippine State College of Aeronautics,Basa Air Base Campus Page i of iv  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology Acc. No.: M2700903PM First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Certificate Number: AJA16.0920 Course Learning Outcomes ( CLO) CLO 3. Articulate ways by which Module Learning society is transformed in Science Outcomes (MLO) and Technology. CLO 4 Analyze the human condition Topic Learning in order to deeply reflect and Outcomes express philosophical ramifications MLO 11.Describe that are meaningful to the student human flourishing. as a part of society of the Filipino nation. MLO 12. Discuss the TLO 11.Interpret and CLO 6. Critique human flourishing different conceptions of explain human vis-à-vis the progress of science human flourishing flourishing. and technology such that the student may be able to define for MLO 13.Crtique human TLO 12. Identify the himself the meaning of the good flourishing vis-à-vis different conceptions of life progress of Science and human flourishing CLO 7. Creatively present the Technology to be able to importance and contributions of TLO 13.Analyze human define for themselves science and technology to society flourishing vis-à-vis the meaning of good CLO 8. Creatively present the progress of Science and life,. importance and contributions of Technology to be able to science and technology to society. MLO 14. Describe the define for themselves the CLO 9. Examine shared concerns meaning of good life,. meaning of good life. that make up the good life in order to come up with innovative and TO 14. Apply the creative solutions to contemporary meaning of good life. issues guided by ethical standards Page ii of iv  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology Acc. No.: M2700903PM First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Certificate Number: AJA16.0920 TABLE OF CONTENTS: Course Mapping…………………………………………………………………………i Table of Contents ………………………………………………………………………ii iii TOPICS Page Time allotment ( minutes) 1. Define Human Flourishing 1 31 2.Science,Technology and Human Flourishing 1 25 3. Assignment 1 2 25 3. Heidegger View on Technology 2 25 4 Technology as a Mode of Revealing 2-3 30 5 Reason why Technology is not a Human activity 4 26 3. Key Points 5 x 7. Enrichment activities 5 25 8 Formative Assessments ( Quiz 1) 7 30 9 Different Conceptions of Human Flourishing 8 30 10 Verification and Falsification Theory 9 28 11 Science and Social Endeavor 10 30 12 Science and results & Education 11 30 13 Ideal Human Flourishing 11 30 14 Function of Theory on Education 12 50 15 Key Points 13 x 18 Meaning of Good life 14 30 19. Key Points 15 x 19 Assignment 2 16 25 20 Formative Assessments ( Quiz 2) 17 30 21 Summary 18 x 22 References 19 x 23 Academic Honesty Clause 20 x 24.Appendix A 21 x Page iii of iv  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology Acc. No.: M2700903PM First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Certificate Number: AJA16.0920 MIDTERM PERIOD: MODULE :1 GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society 1st Sem.2023-2024 Page iv of iv  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology Acc. No.: M2700903PM First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Certificate Number: AJA16.0920 Describe and Explain Human Flourishing: 1. WHAT IS HUMAN FLOURISHING? -EUDAIMONIA- literally” good spirited” is a term coined by renowned Greek philosopher Aristotle (85-325 BC) to describe the pinnacle of happiness that is attainable by humans. In other words, human flourishing occurs when a person is concurrently doing what he ought to do and doing what he wants to do. » According to Aristotle, the "moral" refers to whatever is related to a person's character. He taught that the value of virtuous activity resides in realizing a state of eudaimonic character. Plato viewed human beings as inherently rational, social souls burdened by imprisonment within their physical bodies. According to him, the soul or mind attains knowledge of the forms, as opposed to the senses. * HUMAN FLOURISHING IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: TECHNOLOGY AS A MODE OF REVEALING: -Flourishing - is a state where people experience positive emotions, positive psychological functioning & positive social functioning, most of the time," living "within an optimal range of human functioning.. POSITIVITY: *Human Flourishing -an effort to achieve self-actualization and fulfillment within the context of a larger community of individuals, each with the right to pursue his or her own such efforts. GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society 1st Sem.2023-2024 Page 1 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology Acc. No.: M2700903PM First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Certificate Number: AJA16.0920 * Human flourishing - involves the rational use of one's individual human potentialities, including talents, abilities, and virtues in the pursuit of his freely and rationally chosen values and goals. Human civilizations and the development of science and technology. Human person as both the bearer and beneficiary of science and technology. bearer – a person or thing that carries or holds something beneficiary. *Human flourishes and finds meaning in the world that he/she builds. **Human may unconsciously acquire, consume or destroy what the world has to offer. Science and Technology must be treated as part of human life that needs reflective and meditative thinking. * Human flourishing is the reward of the virtues and values and happiness is the goal and reward of human flourishing. Self-direction (i.e., autonomy) involves the use of one's reason and is central and necessary for the possibility of attaining human flourishing, self-esteem, and happiness. NAME:________________________ DATE:___________________ Prog. Year & Section:___________ INSTRUCTOR:_____________________ Assignment 1 1.What is the importance of Human Flourishing to Science and technology ? 2. What are the different conceptions of human flourishing? _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society 1st Sem.2023-2024 Page 2 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology Acc. No.: M2700903PM First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Certificate Number: AJA16.0920 REFLECTIVE THINKING Meditative thinking- is a kind of thinking that thinks the truth of being, that belongs to being and listens to it. *Science and Technology must be examined for their greater impact on humanity as a whole. *TECHNOLOGY AS A MODE OF REVEALING MARTIN HEIDEGGER - a German philosopher and a seminal thinker in the Continental tradition of philosophy. widely acknowledged to be one of the most original and important philosophers of the 20th century. HEIDEGGER’S VIEW ON TECHNOLOGY. He strongly opposes the view that technology is “a means to an end” or “a human activity.” These two approaches, which he calls, respectively, the “instrumental” and “anthropological” definitions, are indeed “correct”, but do not go deep enough; as he says, they are not yet “true.” Heidegger points out, technological objects are means for ends, and are built and operated by human beings, but the essence of technology is something else entirely. Since the essence of a tree is not itself a tree, he points out, so the essence of technology is not anything technological. What, then, is technology, if it is neither a means to an end nor a human activity? *Technology-according to Heidegger must be understood as “a way of revealing” (Heidegger 1977, 12 This means that everything we perceive or think of or interact with “emerges out of concealment into unconcealment,” in Heidegger's words. By entering into a particular relation with reality, reality is 'revealed' in a specific way. * Revealing is his translation of the Greek word alètheuein, which means ‘to discover’ – to uncover what was covered over. Related to this verb is the independent noun alètheia, which is usually translated as “truth,” though Heidegger insists that a more adequate translation would be “un- concealment.” * What is reality? according to Heidegger, it is not given the same way in all times and all cultures (Seubold 1986, 35-6). not something absolute that human beings can ever know once and for all is relative in the most literal sense of the word – it exists only in relations. inaccessible for human beings. As soon as we perceive or try to understand it, it is not ‘in itself’ anymore, but ‘reality for us.’ How can technology be ‘a way of revealing’? *What does this have to do with technology? 2. What does Heidegger mean when he says that technology is “a way of revealing”? *everything we perceive or think of or interact with “emerges out of concealment into unconcealment, by entering into a particular relation with reality, reality is ‘revealed’ in a specific way. *technology is the way of revealing that characterizes our time. *technology embodies a specific way of revealing the world, a revealing in which humans take power over reality. GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society 1st Sem.2023-2024 Page 3 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology Acc. No.: M2700903PM First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Certificate Number: AJA16.0920 *The essence of technology is not something we make; it is a mode of being, or of revealing. This means that technological things have their own novel kind of presence, endurance, and connections among parts and wholes. They have their own way of presenting themselves and the world in which they operate. *While the ancient Greeks experienced the ‘making’ of something as ‘helping something to come into being’ – as Heidegger explains that modern technology is rather a ‘forcing into being. Competition as a means of survival has become passé, coordination is the new trend. Individual , Interestingly, there exists a discrepancy between eastern and western conception regarding conception regarding society and human flourishing. It has been observed that western civilization tends to be more focused on the Individual ,while those from the east are more community –centric. Human flourishing as an end then is primarily more of a concern for western civilizations over eastern ones. *WHY IS TECHNOLOGY NOT A HUMAN ACTIVITY? According to Heidegger, there is something wrong with the modern, technological culture we live in today. In our ‘age of technology’ reality can only be present as a raw material (as a ‘standing reserve’). This state of affairs has not been brought about by humans; the technological way of revealing was not chosen by humans. Every attempt to climb out of technology throws us back in. The only way out for Heidegger is “the will not to will”. *Just as the essence of a tree is not itself a tree, Heidegger points out, so the essence of technology is not anything technological. What, then, is technology, if it is neither a means to an end nor a human activity? Technology, according to Heidegger must be understood as “a way of revealing” (Heidegger 1977, 12). GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society Page 4 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology Acc. No.: M2700903PM First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Certificate Number: AJA16.0920 1st Sem.2023-2024 KEY POINTS: *Eudaimonia- a word coined by Aristotle which means good spirited. * Aristotle- Greek philosopher (85-325 BC) to describe the pinnacle of happiness that is attainable by humans. *Plato viewed human beings as inherently rational, social souls burdened by imprisonment within their physical bodies. According to him, the soul or mind attains knowledge of the forms, as opposed to the senses *Human Flourishing - is a state where people experience positive emotions, positive psychological functioning & positive social functioning, most of the time," living "within an optimal range of human functioning. * Human flourishing - involves the rational use of one's individual human potentialities, including talents, abilities, and virtues in the pursuit of his freely and rationally chosen values and goals * Martin Heidegger - a German philosopher and a seminal thinker in the Continental tradition of philosophy. widely acknowledged to be one of the most original and important philosophers of the 20th century. * Competition as a means of survival has become passé,coordination is the new trend. Individual , * Revealing is his translation of the Greek word alètheuein, which means ‘to discover’ – to uncover what was covered over. Related to this verb is the independent noun alètheia, which is usually translated as “truth,” though Heidegger insists that a more adequate translation would be “un- concealment.” *The essence of technology is not something we make; it is a mode of being, or of revealing. This means that technological things have their own novel kind of presence, endurance, and connections among parts and wholes * Heidegger points out, so the essence of technology is not anything technological. What, then, is technology, if it is neither a means to an end nor a human activity? Technology, according to Heidegger must be understood as “a way of revealing” (Heidegger 1977, 12). Page 5 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology Acc. No.: M2700903PM First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Certificate Number: AJA16.0920 GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society 1st Sem.2023-2024 NAME:________________________ DATE:_______________ Prog. Year & Section:___________ INSTRUCTOR:__________________ Formative Assessment.Quiz 1 I. ESSAY: Answer briefly and comprehensively. _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society Page 6 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology Acc. No.: M2700903PM First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Certificate Number: AJA16.0920 1st Sem.2023-2024 GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society MIDTERM PEROD. MODULE 1.  DIFFERENT CONCEPTIONS OF HUMAN FLOURISHING *Technology changes us—and the world around us—in countless ways. It eases our labor, cures diseases, provides abundant food and clean water, enables communication and travel across the globe and expands our knowledge of the natural world and the cosmos. *It encompasses the uniqueness, dignity, diversity, freedom, happiness, and holistic well-being of the individual within the larger family, community, and population. Achieving human flourishing is a life-long existential journey of hopes, achievements, regrets, losses, illness, suffering, and coping. 1.SCIENCE AS METHOD AND RESULTS: When conducting research, scientists use the scientific method to collect measurable, empirical evidence in an experiment related to a hypothesis (often in the form of an if/then statement), the results aiming to support or contradict a theory. Steps in Scientific Method. 1. Observe and determine if there are unexplained occurrences unfolding’ 2. Determine the problem and identify factors involved. 3. Hypothesis- a scientific guess. 4 Conduct experiment Page 7 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology Acc. No.: M2700903PM First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Certificate Number: AJA16.0920 5. Gather and analyze. 6. Formulate conclusion and provide recommendation. GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society 1st Sem.2023-2024 2. VERIFICATION THEORY The earliest criterion that distinguishes Philosophy and Science is verification theory. The idea proposes that a discipline is science if it can be confirmed or interpreted in the event of an alternative hypothesis being accepted. In that regard ,said theory gives premium in empiricism and only takes into account those results which are measurable and experiments which are repeatable. This was expoused by a movement in the early 20th century called as meaningless the Vienna Circle- a group of scholars who believed that only those which can be observed should be regarded as meaningful and reject those which cannot be directly accessed as meaningless. 3. FALSIFICATION THEORY Perhaps the current prevalent methodology in Science ,falsification theory asserts that as long as an ideology is not proven to be false and can best explain a phenomenon over alternative theories ,we should accept the said ideology. The Falsification Principle, proposed by Karl Popper, is a way of demarcating science from non-science. It suggests that for a theory to be considered scientific it must be able to be tested and proven false. For example, the hypothesis that "all swans are white," can be falsified by observing a black swan. Falsified is the capacity for some proposition, statement, theory or hypothesis to be proven wrong. That capacity is an essential component of the scientific method and hypothesis testing.... The requirement of falsifiability means that conclusions cannot be drawn from simple observation of a particular phenomenon. Page 8 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology Acc. No.: M2700903PM First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Certificate Number: AJA16.0920 GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society 1st Sem.2023-2024 FALSIFICATION THEORY 4. SCIENCE as SOCIAL ENDEAVOR One of the key points raised by the cervical cancer example is that science is a social endeavor. For example, scientist may be motivated to study some topics and not others. Like all people, scientists are flawed and can make mistakes. Therefore, it is critical that science is open to replication and revision. It took many individuals many years of study, involving thousands of individuals, to establish HPV as a cause of many cervical cancers. And our knowledge is still imperfect. Also, scientific findings matter to people. If the Pill really were the main cause of a deadly cancer, then many women would need to re-think their choice of contraceptives. Alternatively, many women might have decided to forego contraceptives altogether, possibly resulting in many unplanned pregnancies, higher abortion rates, etc. Further, if the HPV vaccine really does lead to more teenage sex, then many parents might opt not to have their children vaccinated, for a variety of reasons (religious, cultural, etc.). Page 9 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology Acc. No.: M2700903PM First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Certificate Number: AJA16.0920 5. SCIENCE AND RESULTS: For the most part,people who do not understand science are won over when the discipline is able to produce results. Similar to when Jesus performed miracles and garnered followers ,people are sold over the capacity of Science to do stuff they cannot fully comprehend. In this particular argument ,however, Science is not the only discipline which is able to produce results –religion ,luck, and human randomness are some of its contemporaries in the field. Weather reports, for one, illustrate fallibility and limitations of their scope ,as well as their inability to predict disasters. The best that can be done during an upcoming disaster is to reinforce materials to be more calamity proof and restore the area upon impact. It can be then concluded that science does not monopolize the claim for definite results. GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society 1st Sem.2023-2024 6. SCIENCE AS EDUCATION: *Science education is the teaching and learning of science to non-scientists, such as school children, college students, or adults within the general public. The field of science education includes work in science content, science process (the scientific method), some social science, and some teaching pedagogy. (Kristjánsson, 2016, p. 2). We will look at the work of these prominent advocates, including Kristjánsson himself, to see what kind of theorizing they engage in. We can distinguish between theorizing about education for flourishing, i.e. what teachers and parents should do (to give children the best chance of a flourishing life ) , and theorizing about flourishing as an aim of education. It is plausible that these are related in the sense that if the theory on the aim of education is ideal theory, the theory on Page 10 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology Acc. No.: M2700903PM First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Certificate Number: AJA16.0920 education is likely to be ideal theory as well. This is not necessarily the case, but we have assumed it to be related in this way for the abovementioned theories. In line with these theories, we will focus on theory on education for flourishing, unless specified otherwise. *The Ideal of Human Flourishing: Human flourishing is presented in educational theory as an ideal aim, although this is not made explicit in all the texts of the scholars. We can speak of an ideal situation or of an ideal quality when it refers to an excellent or perfect situation or quality, which is highly valued, and which people aspire to achieve (see De Ruyter, 2007, p. 24). Of the abovementioned scholars only De Ruyter writes explicitly that she defends an ideal, and that she is describing an idealized education (e.g. De Ruyter, 2012). Kristjánsson also uses the word ideal, although he does not explain what he means by it. He also speaks of an ‘overarching aim’ or ‘central purpose’, which is similar to the wording of White and Brighouse. White (2007, p. 40) writes about well-being as a ‘rationale’, and a ‘vision of education’ that is behind educational aims. A distinction can be made between realizable and unrealizable ideals (Rescher, 1987), or common ideals and ultimate ideals (De Ruyter, 2007, p. 25). Common ideals refer to excellence, whereas ultimate ideals are perfections. Human flourishing can be interpreted on a continuum of realizability; from a common ideal, which implies that children are to be equipped to become the ‘best a person can imagine achieving in his or her lifetime’ and is thus an achievable ideal for average human beings, to the ultimate ideal of perfect flourishing, which implies that it might be worth striving for, but average human beings will never be (fully) achievable (De Ruyter, 2007, p. 25). In the second sense it functions as a regulative ideal; it ‘set[s] a direction for a practice and prevent[s] us from settling for surrogates’ (Emmet, 1994, p. 2). We found it often unclear whether the theories presented by the prominent advocates for human flourishing describe an ultimate or a common ideal – or, where on the spectrum of realizability it lies. It is clear however that the ideal of flourishing has an important role in the educational theories of White, Brighouse, Kristjánsson and De Ruyter, but this alone does not necessarily mean that the theories are ideal theory (Mills, 2005). GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society 1st Sem.2023-2024 Page 11 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology Acc. No.: M2700903PM First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Certificate Number: AJA16.0920 *Functions of Theory on Education for Flourishing Function and type of theory are interrelated; a theory that is intended to be action-guiding is more likely to be an instance of non-ideal theory, for instance. Therefore it is useful to see what function or purpose the advocates of educational theory on flourishing ascribe to their theory. According to White (2011, p. 2) the primary purpose of philosophy of education is clarification, albeit that the discussions in his book are ‘always harnessed to educational ends’. The subtitle of that book is ‘a guide to making children’s lives more fulfilling’, which reveals that besides clarification it aspires to ‘guide’ schools as well. De Ruyter (2012), too, writes in a footnote about the possibility of translating her proposal to policy. In a sense we will explain further on, Brighouse’s orientation is quite practical (2008, pp. 64–70), offering suggestions as to what the curriculum on a very practical level should look like to better equip children to live flourishing lives. This also suggests a stronger role for his philosophy than inspiration alone, although Brighouse’s text is written in a style too general to count as direct action guiding for any particular school. All in all, we would say that most educational theory on flourishing aims to offer ‘indirect’ guidance, in the sense that it does not offer direct (policy) advice to schools and parents, but it does hope to guide, for example, the development of educational policy, or empirical research that leads to practical implementations with their clarifications of concepts and justifications of claims and possible practices. If one is really in pursuit of human flourishing, it would make sense for them to pursue it holistically. Simply mastering Science and technology would be in adequate if we are to say, socialize with people or ruminate on our inner self. Aristotle’s is required to be knowledgeable about Science among other things of equal importance. THE END GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society 1st Sem.2023-2024 KEY POINTS: * Human flourishing is a life-long existential journey of hopes, achievements, regrets, losses, illness, suffering, and coping. * Science As Method And Results:-When conducting research, scientists use the scientific method to collect measurable, empirical evidence in an experiment related to a hypothesis (often in the form of an if/then statement), the results aiming to support or contradict a theory. steps in scientific method. Page 12 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology Acc. No.: M2700903PM First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Certificate Number: AJA16.0920 GEC 4103 STS –Science Technology & Society * Verification theory- the earliest criterion that distinguishes Philosophy and Science is verification theory. The idea proposes that a discipline is science if it can be confirmed or interpreted in the event of an alternative hypothesis being accepted. * Falsification theory asserts that as long as an ideology is not proven to be false and can best explain a phenomenon over alternative theories ,we should accept the said ideology. * One of the key points raised by the cervical cancer example is that science is a social endeavor. For example, scientist may be motivated to study some topics and not others. Like all people, scientists are flawed and can make mistakes. * Science And Results- For the most part,people who do not understand science are won over when the discipline is able to produce results. Similar to when Jesus performed miracles and garnered followers ,people are sold over the capacity of Science to do stuff they cannot fully comprehend. * Science education is the teaching and learning of science to non-scientists, such as school children, college students, or adults within the general public. The field of science education includes work in science content, science process (the scientific method), some social science, and some teaching pedagogy. * Human flourishing is presented in educational theory as an ideal aim, although this is not made explicit in all the texts of the scholars. We can speak of an ideal situation or of an ideal quality when it refers to an excellent or perfect situation or quality, which is highly valued, and which people aspire to achieve (see De Ruyter, 2007, p. 24). Of * Function and type of theory are interrelated; a theory that is intended to be action-guiding is more likely to be an instance of non-ideal theory, for instance GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society 1st Sem.2023-2024 Page 13 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Acc. No.: M2700903PM Certificate Number: *WHAT IS GOOD LIFE? -A good life is a satisfied life. when a person is satisfied socially, economically and Psychological he is living a good life.’ Certainly, people value certain aspects of happiness more than others. So, we asked users of BeyondThePurchase.Org to define the "good life." People selected one of four choices— the goodlife is: experiencing pleasure, avoiding negative experience, seeking self- development, or making contributions to others. *A meaningful life connects people to a larger sense of purpose and value, making positive contributions, not only to our personal and spiritual growth, but also to society and the human civilization as a whole. A good life is not one where you have a lot but where you need very little to be happy and contented. A good life is when you learn to enjoy every minute of it. When you learn to be happy NOW. When you realize that you don’t need to wait for something outside of yourself to make you happy in the future.. A good life is when everyone you know associates your name or your image with kindness, goodness, warmth and love. Just think how really precious is the time you have to spend with your family or loved ones and that’s why every minute should be enjoyed and savored. A good life is inevitable when you stay healthy, positive and happy. When you work hard and never give up hope. A good life is when you are open to criticism and keep learning every day. Anyone who stops learning is old, whether at twenty or eighty. When you keep learning you stay young and the greatest thing in life is to keep your mind always young. A good life is when you surround yourself with loving, happy, warm, and genuine people. A good life is one where you have someone to share it with. A good life is when your heart is full of love and you have someone to give that love to. A Good Life is a series of trials and errors and the sooner you accept that the better. What looks like a mistake to others has been a milestone for me. Even if people have betrayed me, even if my heart was broken, even if I was misunderstood or judged, I have managed to learn from everything and never lost the lesson, even when I lost everything else. We are human, we are flawed and we all make mistakes but learning from them, not losing the lesson, is what makes all the difference in the world. Learning life’s lessons is not about making your life perfect but about seeing life as it was meant to be. Open link for Power point about Good life https://drive.google.com/file/d/15cYXjuelNmx9uGk-2cgRrK-0unD-7BNM/view?usp=sharing GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society 1st Sem.2023-2024 Page 14 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Acc. No.: M2700903PM Certificate Number: KEY POINTS: * A good life is a satisfied life. when a person is satisfied socially, economically and psychologically * A meaningful life connects people to a larger sense of purpose and value, making positive contributions, not only to our personal and spiritual growth, but also to society and the human civilization as a whole.. * Good life is: experiencing pleasure, avoiding negative experience, seeking self- * A good life is not one where you have a lot but where you need very little to be happy and content. * A good life is when you learn to enjoy every minute of it * A good life is inevitable when you stay healthy, positive and happy. When you work hard and never give up hope. * A good life is when you are open to criticism and keep learning every day. * A good life is when you surround yourself with loving, happy, warm, and genuine people. * A good life is one where you have someone to share it with. * A good life is when your heart is full of love and you have someone to give that love to. * A Good Life is a series of trials and errors and the sooner you accept that the better. What looks like a mistake to others has been a milestone for me. Open link for Power point about Good life https://drive.google.com/file/d/15cYXjuelNmx9uGk-2cgRrK-0unD-7BNM/view?usp=sharing References: Taguiling;Pineda Science Technology ,and Society pg.62.St. Andrew Publishing House GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society 1st Sem.2023-2024 Page 15 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Acc. No.: M2700903PM Certificate Number: SUMMARY The Science of human flourishing is a bold and ambitious new project,leaders in the fields of science ,technology and theology would gather to examine some of the key elements that contribute to human flourishing. Science is taken in the extensive sense of “scientia” which includes the whole range of human knowledge.Eudaimonia- a word coined by Aristotle which means goodl spirited. Aristotle- Greek philosopher (85- 325 BC) to describe the pinnacle of happiness that is attainable by humans. Plato viewed human beings as inherently rational, social souls burdened by imprisonment within their physical bodies. According to him, the soul or mind attains knowledge of the forms, as opposed to the senses. The term Human Flourishing - is a state where people experience positive emotions, positive psychological functioning & positive social functioning, most of the time," living "within an optimal range of human functioning. Human flourishing is a life-long existential journey of hopes, achievements, regrets, losses, illness, suffering, and coping. Human flourishes and finds meaning in the world that he/she builds.. Human may unconsciously acquire, consume or destroy what the world has to offer. Human flourishing is a life-long existential journey of hopes, achievements, regrets, losses, illness, suffering, and coping. Concepts of human flourishing are: Science as Method and Results:-When conducting research, scientists use the scientific method to collect measurable, empirical evidence in an experiment related to a hypothesis (often in the form of an if / then statement), the results aiming to support or contradict a theory. steps in scientific method. * Verification theory- the earliest criterion that distinguishes Philosophy and Science is verification theory. The idea proposes that a discipline is science if it can be confirmed or interpreted in the event of an alternative hypothesis being accepted. * Falsification theory asserts that as long as an ideology is not proven to be false and can best explain a phenomenon over alternative theories ,we should accept the said ideology. * One of the key points raised by the cervical cancer example is that science is a social endeavor. For example, scientist may be motivated to study some topics and not others. Like all people, scientists are flawed and can make mistakes. Human civilizations and the development of science and technology. Human person as both the bearer and beneficiary of science and technology. bearer – a person or thing that carries or holds something. beneficiary-. Science and Technology must be treated as part of human life that needs reflective and meditative thinking. A good life is a satisfied life. when a person is satisfied socially, economically and psychologically.A Meaningful life connects people to a larger sense of purpose and value, making positive contributions, not only to our personal and spiritual growth, but also to society and the human civilization as a whole..Good life is: experiencing pleasure avoiding negative experience, seeking self- A good life is not one where you have a lot but where you need very little to be happy and content. Science education is the teaching and learning of science to non-scientists, such as school children, college students, or adults within the general public. The field of science education includes work in science content, science process (the scientific method), some social science, and some teaching pedagogy. Function and type of theory are interrelated; a theory that is intended to be action-guiding is more likely to be an instance of non-ideal theory, for instance. Therefore it is useful to see what function or purpose the advocates of educational theory on flourishing ascribe to their theory GEC 4103 STS –Science Technology & Society 2nd Sem.2021-2022 Page 16 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Acc. No.: M2700903PM Certificate Number: REFERENCES *The-good-life : https://drive.google.com/file/d/15cYXjuelNmx9uGk-2cgRrK-0unD7BNM/view?usp=sharing *TaguilingML.;Pineda OB:Science Technology ,and Society pg.62.St. Andrew Publishing House *The Question Concerning Technology by Martin Heidegger *Caoili. History of Science and Technology of the Philippines *Serafica,J. et al ( 2018 ). Science ,Technology and Society. Rex Bookstore.Manila,Phils. Page 17 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Acc. No.: M2700903PM Certificate Number: GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society 1st Sem.2023-2024 Academic Honesty Clause Plagiarism is the use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the representation of them as one’s original work. (1995 Random House Compact Unabridged Dictionary) In the academe, it is an adaption or reproduction of an original intellectual creation, be it concepts, ideas, methods, pieces of information or expressions of another author, whether individual, group, or organization without proper acknowledgment. Moreover, plagiarism can range from borrowing a particular phrase or sentence to paraphrasing someone else’s original idea without citing it. The most common form of plagiarism, especially nowadays, is copying and pasting online material without crediting the source. Every student must practice Academic Honesty. Academic misconduct is subject to an academic penalty by the instructor and/or disciplinary sanction by the College. I _____________________________ fully understood the definition and description of plagiarism stated above and I am familiar with the Student Conduct Code. I am aware that I shall be penalized if plagiarism is found evident on my output which includes, gaining a failing grade. As a college student and a member of scholarly community, I shall value other people’s ideas. Thus, I pledged to commit to the following truthful statements: 1. I shall not submit other people’s work and present them as my own. 2. I will not take any passages from their own previous work without adding citations. 3. I will not rewrite someone else’s work without properly citing sources. 4. I shall not use quotations without citing the source. 5. I will not interweave various sources together in my work, without citing. 6. I will not rely too heavily on other people’s work. 7. I shall bring original thought into my own work. 8. I will not disclose any exams/questionnaires/activities after I have taken them. 9. I will not copy any material from another student and submit it as my own. 10. I shall not share my own completed output to another class/student. __________________________ (Signature over Printed Name) Page 18 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Acc. No.: M2700903PM Certificate Number: REFERENCE: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-collegesuccess-lumen1/chapter/academic-honesty/ https://www.business.umt.edu/ethics/academic-honesty.php GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society 1st Sem.2023-2024 APPENDIX A Scoring Rubric for Assignment 1 Exemplary Inadequate Adequate Above Average (Far Exceeds Criteria (Below Standard) (Meets Standard) (Exceeds Standard) Standard) 1 2 3 4 Organization Writing lacks logical Writing is coherent and Writing is coherent and Writing shows high degree organization. It shows logically organized. Some logically organized with of attention some points remain misplaced transitions used between to logic and reasoning of coherence but ideas and ideas and paragraphs to points. Unity lack stray from the topic. create clearly leads the reader to unity. Serious errors. Transitions evident but coherence. Overall unity the not of conclusion and stirs used throughout essay. ideas is present thought regarding the topic. Level of Content Shows some thinking Content indicates thinking Content indicates Content indicates synthesis and and reasoning applied original of ideas, indepth analysis reasoning but most with thinking and develops and evidences original ideas are original thought on a few ideas thought and support for the underdeveloped and ideas. with sufficient and firm topic. unoriginal. evidence. Development Main points lack Main points are present Main points well Main points well developed detailed development. with developed with high Ideas are limited detail and with quality supporting quality and quantity vague with little development. Some details and quantity. support. Reveals evidence of critical Critical high degree of critical critical thinking. thinking is present. thinking is weaved into thinking. points Grammar & Spelling, punctuation, Most spelling, Essay has few spelling, Essay is free of distracting Mechanics and punctuation, punctuation, and spelling, grammatical errors and grammar correct grammatical punctuation, and create allowing errors allowing reader to grammatical errors; distraction, making reader to progress though follow ideas clearly. Very absent of fragments, reading essay. Some errors few fragments or run- comma splices, difficult; fragments, remain. ons. and run-ons. comma splices, run-ons evident. Errors are frequent. Style Mostly in elementary Approaches college level Attains college level Shows outstanding style form with little or no usage of some variety in style; going beyond variety in sentence patterns, diction, tone is appropriate and usual college level; sentence structure, and rhetorical devices used rhetorical devices diction, rhetorical devices. to and tone used effectively; rhetorical devices or enhance content; creative use emphasis. sentence of sentence structure and variety used effectively. coordination Format Fails to follow format Meets format and Meets format and Meets all formal and and assignment assignment assignment Page 19 of 22  Republic of the Philippines PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS Basa Air Base Campus,Pampanga Institute of Engineering and Technology First Semester, A.Y 2020–2021 Acc. No.: M2700903PM Certificate Number: assignment requirements; generally requirements; margins, requirements and requirements; correct margins, spacing, spacing, and evidences attention to incorrect margins, and indentations are detail; all margins, spacing spacing indentations; essay is neat correct; essay is neat and and and indentation; but correctly assembled. indentations are correct; neatness of may have some assembly essay is neat essay needs attention. errors. and correctly assembled with professional look. GEC 3103 STS –Science Technology & Society 1st Sem.2023-2024 Page 20 of 22