Social Psychology Past Paper PDF

Introduction & Methods\ \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--\ What are the goals of (social) psychological research?\ Define \*social psychology\*.\ Does social psychological research over time reflect contemporary society? (Examples?)\ What are the key elements of \*quantitative\* and \*qual...

Introduction & Methods\ \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--\ What are the goals of (social) psychological research?\ Define \*social psychology\*.\ Does social psychological research over time reflect contemporary society? (Examples?)\ What are the key elements of \*quantitative\* and \*qualitative\* research methods?\ What is a statistical correlation and what conclusions can be drawn from correlational research?\ What are the main aspects of experimental research?\ What are \*independent\* and \*dependent variables\* in experimental research? Beliefs and Judgments\ \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--\ What are \*schemata\* and what function do they have?\ What is \*priming\*?\ What is the consequence of some personality traits being more central than others?\ What is the \*confirmation bias\*?\ Name and explain the \*representativeness heuristic\* and \*availability heuristic\*.\ What is an \*illusory correlation\*?\ What is the \*fundamental attribution error\*?\ What is the \*belief in a just world\*?\ What is a \*self-fulfilling prophecy\*?\ What are attributions?\ What attribution dimensions are there?\ Provide examples of what kinds of reasoning leads us to assume internal versus external causes for behavior.\ What is the meaning of the statements: \"we respond not to reality as it is but to reality as we construe it\" (Myers, 2020) - provide example studies illustrating this idea. The Social Self\ \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--\ What is the \*self-concept\*, \*self-esteem\*, and \*self-presentation\* and what are their main/defining differences?  \ What is the difference between \*introspection\* and \*self-perception theory\*?  \ In what ways can we use \*social comparison\* to learn something about ourself?\ What are potential problems with autobiographic memory as a source to understand the self?\ How may culture influence the developing self?\ High self-esteem correlates with many positive outcomes -- what is the problem with the correlation?\ Explain the three \"selfs\" in Higgins (1987, 1989) \*self-discrepancy theory\*?\ How does self-discrepancy theory explain the activation of specific emotions?\ What is the \"self-awareness trap\" and how does it relate to comparison discrepancies?\ What is the relation between \*self-awareness\* and (normative) behavior?  \ What is \*self-regulation\* and when do we need it?  \ Name and explain at least two mechanisms of \*self-enhancement\*.\ Why might positive illusions be adaptive (i.e., having an advantage)?\ Differentiate strategic \*self-presentation\*, \*self-verification\* and \*self-monitoring\*. Attitudes\ \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--\ What is an \*attitude\* and what are its three components?\ What is the mere exposure effect?\ What is evaluative conditioning?\ Provide an example of how attitudes can form/change according to balance theory and cognitive dissonance theory (Heider; Festinger).\ What are the functions of attitudes?\ Describe an experiment that illustrates that attitudes can be activated \"automatically\".\ What is a central problems with direct (explicit) attitude measures?\ What factors increase the predictive value of attitudes on behavior.