Fluorescent Lamp Assembly PDF

1 FLUORESCENT LAMP ASSEMBLY 2  1856 - Heinrich 3 Geissler by my by by by was the first to extensively study the arc tube. His Geissler tube was the foundations for all arc discharge lamps including high- intensity discharge...

1 FLUORESCENT LAMP ASSEMBLY 2  1856 - Heinrich 3 Geissler by my by by by was the first to extensively study the arc tube. His Geissler tube was the foundations for all arc discharge lamps including high- intensity discharge HeinriPeter  4 Source: © SSPL/Getty Images  The true foundation for fluorescent lighting was laid 5 by Peter Cooper Hewitt, who introduced the mercury vapor lamp in the same era. patented (U.S. patent 889,692) the very first prototype of today's modern fluorescent lights Peter Cooper Hewitt  6 Cooper-Hewitt u-shape mercury-vapor lamp, about 1920  FLUORESCENT 7 LAMP A light source consisting of a long glass tube containing mercury in a partial vacuum. Available in many lengths and several diameters, the tube is lined with a fluorescent phosphor. When the mercury is excited by electricity, it emits ultraviolet (UV) light, which causes the phosphor to emit visible light.  FLUORESCENT LAMP 8 Fluorescent lamps produce light ranging from 60 to 74 lumens per watt. It was first introduced in 1937 The typical fluorescent lamp is a hot- cathode type which consists of a sealed glass tube provided with a mixture of inert gas and mercury vapor. https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/fluorescent-bulb  PARTS AND FUNCTION OF FLUORESCENT TUBE 9 VALUES  PARTS AND FUNCTION OF FLUORESCENT TUBE 10 Glass Bulb- usually a straight glass VALUES tube that is spherical or U-shaped.  PARTS AND FUNCTION OF FLUORESCENT TUBE 11 Inert Gas- typically argon mixedVALUES with neon, krypton, or xenon at low pressure.   PARTS AND FUNCTION OF FLUORESCENT TUBE 12 VALUES Phosphor- coating inside the bulb which transforms ultraviolet radiation into visible light. Color of light produced depends on the composition of phosphor.   PARTS AND FUNCTION OF FLUORESCENT TUBE 13 VALUES Cathode- Otherwise known as Hot Cathode, made of thin tungsten wire coated with a material that emits electrons at each end of the lamp.   PARTS AND FUNCTION OF FLUORESCENT TUBE 14 VALUES Exhaust Tube- during manufacturing process ordinary air is exhausted through this tube and inert gas is introduced into the bulb.   PARTS AND FUNCTION OF FLUORESCENT TUBE 15 VALUES Lead-in Wires- connected to the base pins and carry the current to and from the cathode and the mercury arc.   PARTS AND FUNCTION OF FLUORESCENT TUBE 16 VALUES Stem Press- made of a wire that maintains the same coefficient value of expansion as the glass. This provides airtight seal to the lead-in wires.  PARTS AND FUNCTION OF FLUORESCENT TUBE 17 VALUES Arc Discharge- the arc that stimulates the mercury vapors which generates glowing energy.  PARTS AND FUNCTION OF FLUORESCENT TUBE 18 VALUES Mercury Atom- small quantity of mercury liquid placed inside the bulb to give mercury vapour.  PARTS AND FUNCTION OF FLUORESCENT TUBE 19 VALUES Base- typically made of aluminium used to connect the tube to the electric current and support it in the lamp holders.  WHAT MAKES THE 20 FLUORESCENT BETTER THAN THE INCANDESCENT LAMP? MERCURY ARC PHOSPHOR ATOM DISCHARGE COATING  PARTS OF THE FLUORESCENT 21 LAMP ASSEMBLY FLUORESCENT TUBE is usually a tubular or linear and circular type bulb containing mercury vapour and inert gas with phosphor coating inside.  PARTS OF THE FLUORESCENT 22 LAMP ASSEMBLY FLUORESCENT FRAME is the metal housing of the whole fixture. This holds and supports the fluorescent tube.  PARTS OF THE FLUORESCENT 23 LAMP ASSEMBLY LAMP HOLDERS AND STARTER SOCKET are the point of connection of the fluorescent tube and starter. Lamp Starter  PARTS OF THE FLUORESCENT 24 LAMP ASSEMBLY 4. STARTER is a glow switch that opens and closes the circuit so as to produce a high voltage or inductive kick across the bulb at the filament during the starting period. Current moves in utilizing the rare gas as conducting means and the rare gas produces a “glow”. The glow generates heat and causes the bimetallic  PARTS OF THE FLUORESCENT 25 LAMP ASSEMBLY FLUORESCENT BALLAST is an induction coil, which produces high voltage to start the lamp into operation. It also limits the flow of current during the operation of the lamp. Ballast consumes power, which is between 10-20% of power consumed by the lamp itself. 26  27 Pre-heat starting- is also called hot cathode. This requires starter (glow switch) and is pre-heated during starting. It uses a ballast to produce high voltage to start the lamp into operation and to limit the flow of current. ADVANTAGES OF FLUORESCENT LAMP Can produce almost any shade of white Color rendering is good to excellent Dimmable with special ballasts Even and glare-free light distribution Long lifetime, highly durable product 28 Low cost and simple control gear DISADVANTAGES OF FLUORESCENT LAMP Contains toxic mercury vapor Flickering light on 50Hz magnetic ballasts Light output drops in cold areas Light output drops in hotter luminaries Lumen output decreases through lifetime Quite sensitive to ambient temperature 29 Quiz #2 Identification. 1. It is a glow switch that opens and closes the circuit so as to produce a high voltage or inductive kick across the bulb at the filament during the starting period. 2. It limits the flow of current during the operation of the lamp. 3. It is made of thin tungsten wire coated with a material that emits electrons at each end of the lamp. 4. He introduced the mercury vapor lamp. 5. It stimulates the mercury vapors which generates Quiz #2 Identification. 6. It is the power required to operate the linear fluorescent tubes. 7. It is essentially a gauge of how yellow or blue the color of light emitted from a light bulb appears. 8. This is the smallest fluorescent tube. 9. It stops the oxygen in the light bulbs from corroding the hot tungsten filament. 10. It transforms ultraviolet radiation into visible light.