Exam 2 Endocrine PDF

Chapter 39 Nursing Care of Patients With Endocrine Disorders Copyright ©2023 F.A. Davis Company  Learning Outcomes ▪ Identify disorders caused by...

Chapter 39 Nursing Care of Patients With Endocrine Disorders Copyright ©2023 F.A. Davis Company  Learning Outcomes ▪ Identify disorders caused by variations in the hormones of the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenal glands. ▪ Explain the pathophysiology of each of the endocrine disorders presented. ▪ Describe the etiologies, signs, and symptoms of each of the endocrine disorders. Copyright ©2023 F.A. Davis Company  Learning Outcomes (continued) ▪ Describe current therapeutic measures used for each of the selected endocrine disorders. ▪ List data to collect when caring for patients with each of the endocrine disorders discussed. ▪ Assist in planning nursing care for patients with each of the disorders. ▪ Explain how you will know if nursing interventions have been effective. Copyright ©2023 F.A. Davis Company  Chapter Concepts ▪ Cellular Regulation ▪ Fluid and Electrolyte Balance ▪ Growth and Development ▪ Nutrition Copyright ©2023 F.A. Davis Company  Endocrine Disorders ▪ Too much or too little hormone activity Production/secretion Tissue sensitivity ▪ Primary disorder ▪ Secondary disorder Copyright ©2023 F.A. Davis Company  Antidiuretic Hormone ▪ Too little antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Increased urine output Diabetes insipidus (DI) ▪ Too much ADH Decreased urine output Syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH) Copyright ©2023 F.A. Davis Company  Diabetes Insipidus ▪ Pathophysiology Insufficient ADH Kidneys do not reabsorb water Diurese 3 to 15 liters per day ▪ Causes Pituitary tumor Head trauma Surgery Drugs Copyright ©2023 F.A. Davis Company  Diabetes Insipidus (continued_1) ▪ Signs and symptoms Polyuria Polydipsia Nocturia Dilute urine Dehydration Hypovolemic shock Decreased level of consciousness Death Copyright ©2023 F.A. Davis Company  Diabetes Insipidus (continued_2) ▪ Diagnostic tests Urine specific gravity 6.5% Copyright ©2023 F.A. Davis Company  Additional Tests ▪ Lipid profile ▪ Serum creatinine ▪ Urine microalbumin ▪ Urinalysis ▪ Electrocardiogram Copyright ©2023 F.A. Davis Company  Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes ▪ 7% body weight loss ▪ Moderate physical activity 150 minutes per week ▪ Metformin in some patients Copyright ©2023 F.A. Davis Company  Goals of Treatment ▪ Preprandial glucose 80 to 130 mg/dL ▪ Peak postprandial glucose