Environmental Protection and Management PDF

DCNB - NSTP Environmental Protection and Management MODULE 5  I think the environment should be put in the category of our national security. Defense of our resourcess is just as important as defense abroad. Otherwise what is there to defense? -Robe...

DCNB - NSTP Environmental Protection and Management MODULE 5  I think the environment should be put in the category of our national security. Defense of our resourcess is just as important as defense abroad. Otherwise what is there to defense? -Robert Redford, yosemite national park dedication, 1985 LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Gain and verbalize concepts, principles and importance of Environmental Education; Restriçtion and Management. 2. Formulate action plan that shall address environmental concerns. 3. Value the importance of Environment Education, protection and management as a way of developing the youth to be good Pilipino citizens.  Input No. 1 Basic Concepts and Laws Governing Environmental Education, Protection and Management Environmental education refers to organize 1 and, particularly, how human beings can m d efforts to teach about how natural envi anage their behavior and ecosystems in or ronments function der to live sustainably. Environmental education is a learning proc ess that increases people's knowledge and associated challenges, develops the necess awareness about the environment and ary slkills and expertise to address the ch motivations, and commitments to make info rmed decisions and take responsible action allenges, and fosters attitudes, (UNESCO, Tbilisi Declaration, 1978). 2 Environmental protection is the process of 3 keeping the natural environment by everyone, organization and the government. Environment protection and management is a sustainable action to ensure that manag ement of natural resources balance utilization, and importan t values for the present and the next gene ration shall prevail. 4 Importance of Environmental Education, Protection, and Management Natural resources Changing people's attitude are irreparable damage. Sustainable provision for Represents a relevant ecosystem services means of prevention Delivered with Making the young aware moral concept Conceived to sustain Limited way of Science and participation of the citizens Technology  Related Laws and Directives in Promoting Environment Education Republic Act No. 9512 Republic Act No. CHED or 9275 or Memorandum The National the Philippine Environmental Order No. 33 Awareness and Clean Water Act Series of 2009 Education Act of 2008 of 2004 Environmental Republic Act Repubiic Act No. 9147 Protection and or Wildife Resources No. 9175 or Management Conservation Chainsaw Act Act (No. 10 of and Protection Act of of 2002 2019) 2001 Republic Act Republic Act 9003 or The 8749 or Ecological Solid Philippines Waste Clean Air Act Management Act of 2000 1999  Definition of Terms Related to Solid Waste Management Biodegradable Composting Domestic Food Materials Waste Any material that can be Biological degradation Refuse from households, Includes certain kinds of broken down by naturally under controlled as distinguished from seeds, pulp, peelings, occurring organisms conditions industrial waste, pickles, sweets or snacks such as bacteria and fungi hospital waste, etc, in air, water, and soil which maybe classified as a biodegradable or non-biodegradable  Definition of Terms Related to Solid Waste Management Hazardous Incineration Non- Putrescible Waste biodegradable Special types of waste The controlled process Any material that cannot A substance that containing the chemical by which combustible be degraded or decomposes at certain biological and materials are burned decomposed by naturally temperature in contact radioactive elements and occurring organisms with air which are harmful to changed into gases and such as bacteria and and moisture; generally human health residues that contain fungi in air, water and containing nitrogen little or no combustible soil materials  Definition of Terms Related to Solid Waste Management Recycling Solid waste. The re-use, retrieval, recommission of element/matter for any and all Include any thing thrown purposes necessary to healthful and away such as garbage, productive living; the process by rubbish, trash, litter, which waste junk materials are transformed into new and refuse of any source products in such a manner that the original products may lose their identity  INPUT NO. 2 Climate Change It is a change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere. An addition to natural climate variability, observed over comparable time periods (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change). Climate change is caused by the increasing volume of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases absorb and re-emit infrared radiation, warming the earth's surface and contributing to climate change (UNEP 1988). These gases are water vapor, methane, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, ozone, Hydro Fluoro Carbon (HFC), perfluorocarbon (PFC), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). When these gases increase in volume, more solar heat will be trapped resulting to a warmer atmospheric condition. This phenomenon is known as the greenhouse effect." Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the earth's near-surface air and oceans that is associated with the increased concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.  WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE The warming of the Earth's atmosphere results in the melting of snow covers and glaciers, the rìse of sea level, shorter winters, early springs, hotter summers and delayed coming of autumns, altered forest productivity and composition, habitat shifts of some animals, changes in the behavior patterns of flora and fauna, spread of diseases, stronger and mnore frequent typhoons, more floods, severe droughts, stronger heat waves and heavier rains and more.  CLIMATE CHANGE AFFECTS THE PHILIPPINES 01 02 03 Ranked 4th in the Global Climate Located in an earthquake-prone Vulnerable to extreme Risk Index region weather CULTURE INNOVATION EQUITY Link: chrome-extension://kdpelmjpfafjppnhbloffcjpeomlnpah/https://ccpi.org/wp-content/uploads/CCPI-2024-Results.pdf See CLIMATE CHANGE PERFORMANCE INDEX 2024 WHAT CAN BE DONE LOCALLY?  Key Action to be Done 1. Reduce the sources of 2. Moderate the harmful effects of 3. Support or join awareness greenhouse gas emissions or climate change and exploit its raising of people in your enhance their sink or beneficial locality/community capture (mitigation). opportunities (adaptation). about climate change. 4. Carry out concrete disaster 5. Suggest or advocate the integration of 6. Lobby for and/or support prevention, mitigation and climate change mitigation and climate change responsive managenment adaptation into organizational/ activities (capacity building). policies and ordinances (policy institutional plans to mainstream this consciousness. development). 7. Synergize efforts with 8. Develop a stable resource mobilization mechanism or system to other enlightened individual ensure and facilitate the flow of or group stakeholders financial and technical support to local implementers. Input No. 3 ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT refers to the supervised handling of waste material from generation at the source through the recovery processes to disposal. Based on studies made by the National Solid Waste Management Commission Secretariat based at the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB), it is estimated that the per capita waste production daily is 0.5 kg. This means that for every person living in the metropolis, he or she generates half a kilo of waste a day. Within estimated population of 10.5 million, total waste generated in Metro Manila alone could run up to 5,250 metric tons per day; or, 162,750 metric tons per month; or, 1.95 million metric tons per year. Based on studies made by the National Solid Waste Management Commission Secretariat based at the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB), it is estimated that the per capita waste production daily is 0.5 kg. This means that for every person living in the metropolis, he or she generates half a kilo of waste a day. Within estimated population of 10.5 million, total waste generated in Metro Manila alone could run up to 5,250 metric tons per day; or, 162,750 metric tons per month; or, 1.95 million metric tons per year.  Republic Act R.A. No. 9003, otherwise known as the "Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000", marked the turning point in the national development agenda for improved solid waste management and resource conservation. What is R.A. No. 9003? What are the salient features of R.A. No. 9003? How can we help solve the solid waste problem?  HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT A comprehensive and integrated management of toxic substances and hazardous wastes which adheres to the waste management hierarchy of source reduction, recycling, treatment and safe disposal for the protection of personne environment and property. HAZARDOUS WASTE - these are solid wastes or a combination of solid waste which identify concentration, or physical, chemical or infectious characteristics may do the following: 1. cause or significantly contribute to the increase in mortality or an increase in serious irreversible or incapacitating reversible illness; and 2. cause a substantial present or potential hazard to human health or the environment when improperly treated, stored or transported. FOUR CHARACTERISTICS OF HAZARDOUS WASTES THE TRHEE MAIN GOALS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT (ISWM) ZERO WASTE MANAGEMENT Modern waste reduction consists of three (3) components namely: 1. Reuse. Means re-utilization of materials for particular purpose. 2. Reduce. The process of lessening the fresh raw materials that affects air, water and land pollution through proper waste disposal. 3. Recycling. Involves processing used, unwanted materials (waste) into new products to prevent waste of potentially useful materials. INPUT NO. 4 Air Pollution Awareness and Prevention Air pollution is the contamination of air due to the presence of substances called pollutants in the atmosphere that are harmful to the health of humans and other living beings, or cause damage to the climate or to materials. It is also the contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment either by chemical, physical, or biological agents that alters the natural features of the atmosphere  The main categories of pollutants are: 1. particulates are very fine solids, collectively referred to as total susp particulates (TSP); 2. carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen and sulfur; 3. volatle organic compounds (VOCs); and 4. ozone.  Effects of Air Pollution from Fossil Fuels Sources of Air Sulfur and nitrogen oxides, particulate matter and Pollution soot irritate the mucous membranes of the respiratory system. If irritation is prolonged, it can 1. Mobile Sources. There are 3.9 million lead to respiratory disease - persistent cough, vehicles registered in the whole emphysema, asthma, and other allergies, and worst, country. Around 80% use gasoline and cancer. Carbon monoxide is hazardous because it 30% use diesel. Only a small bonds strongly with percentage of Filipinos own cars, 20% hemoglobin of the blood, replacing oxygen. As a result, the tissues and organs of the body are in Metro Manila. The rest take public deprived of the vital gas, oxygen. Ozone causes a transportation. range of acute effects including eyes, nose and throat irritation. It also impairs respiratory functions. 2. Stationary Sources. Stationary Ozone is a highly oxidizing gas that causes damage sources that account for most of the to materials so do sulfuric and nitric acid from sulfur air pollution are emissions from power and nitrogen oxide, respectively Increased plants, cement plants and oil temperatures will negatively affect agriculture, refineries. ecology of microorganisms and thus incidence of diseases..  The Clean Air Act of 1999 Eight technical working groups were organised to tackle needs and concern in eight major sectors: Agriculture, Biodiversity; Coastal and 1. Principles which state the Marine; Forestry; Water; Health; Energy; and Infrastructure. Persistent Organic Pollutants. The DENR shall prepare an inventory of over-all mandate of the S tate 2. Recognition of rights of a. POPs in the Country and a program for elimination of these citizens which the State shall substances. The Philippines ratified the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) on February 27, 2004. Since POPs guarantee covered by the Stockholm Convention span pesticide chemicals, 3. The noteworthy features of the industríal chemicals as well as unintentional by products, the adoption Air Quality Management Systems of the Convention in most countries usually involves multiple agencies. The Philippines is no exception. are the provisions regarding b. Radioactive Substances. The Philippine Nuclear Research Institute, airsheds and non-attainment DENR and related agencies shall regulate all projects that involve release of radioactive substances. Pollution from Smoking. Smoking in areas. any enclosed public space including 4. The Act gives an initial list of C. public yehicles and private spaces outside of one's residence is hazardous air pollutants and strictly prohibited. This probation shall be implemented by the LGU. d. Leaded Gasoline. The manufacture, importation, sale, disposal of guidelines for ambient air leaded gasoline and engines and components requiring leaded- quality. gasoline is prohibited. In 2014, the country finally enforces the law. 5. Prohibition and regulation of other substances INPUT NO. 5 WATER SANITATION AND CONSERVATION  Republic Act 9275 known as the Philippine Water Act of 2004 aims to protect the country's water bodies from population and from land – based resources. Italso provides a comprehensive water quality management and for other purposes. Water conservation is the process of using water supply wisely and be responsible in keeping the water safe and pure for the generations to come. Thus, water sanitation and recycling are encouraged to help save energy, and meet the current and future demands of the population. Possible action to be undertaken to conserve water. 1. Avoid leakage of water from the taps 2. Shut water off while brushing or washing clothes; 3. Be mindful of running water; 4. Turn off faucet when not in use 5. Recyde the use of water 6. Take short shower 7. Use water just enough for your needs during washing/ run full loads of dishes/ laundry and cooking.  Thank You and God Bless