EAPP Module - 2nd Quarter - Week 2 PDF

Philippine Christian University Sampaloc 1, Dasmariñas City, Cavite 4114 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL S.Y. 2024-2025 MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION (GRADE 11)...

Philippine Christian University Sampaloc 1, Dasmariñas City, Cavite 4114 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL S.Y. 2024-2025 MODULE IN ORAL COMMUNICATION (GRADE 11) QUARTER 1 - WEEK 1 (AUGUST 5-9, 2024) LESSON 2: WRITING A POSITION PAPER Overview The main motive of a position paper is to induce assistance to an issue. It defines a position on a matter and the logic for that position. The position paper is built on pieces of evidence that provide a rock-solid base for your line of reasoning. Some people mix up a position paper for being just like a regular report. However, a position paper involves the writer taking on one side of the subject under debate. While writing a position paper, you need to give your stance on the matter at hand. A position paper can be written in various cases such as in a discussion of international challenges affecting different nations and devising of strategies to control the issues. Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited. Course Learning Outcome 1. Identify the objectives and structures of concept papers, various kinds of reports and position papers Lesson Objectives At the end of this lesson, you are expected to: 1. Explain the meaning, characteristics, and components of a position paper 2. Identify and scrutinize parts of a sample position paper. 3. Appreciate and apply the guidelines of a position paper. 4. Write a position paper based on a certain issue in the community Essential Question Why is it important for students to write position papers? Test Yourself DIRECTIONS: Put a check ( ) if a statement shows a characteristic of a position paper, if not, leave the space provided blank. _____ 1. Use proof to back your position, such as statistical proofs or dates and events. _____ 2. One fact should be enough. _____ 3. Authenticate your stand with authoritative citations or primary source quotations. _____ 4. Allow flaws in your position. _____ 5. Appraise likely solutions and recommend courses of action. Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited.  _____ 6. Use evidence to support your position _____ 7. Never examine the strength and weakness of your paper. _____ 8. A good position paper will now provide facts. _____ 9. Position paper has three (3) parts. _____ 10. You should suggest a course of action in writing a position paper. Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited. Study these terms Position paper – is a common type of academic argument writing assignment. Argument – a strong and sometimes angry disagreement in talking or discussing something. Ethical – about or dealing with morals or the principles of morality; about right and wrong in conduct. Lesson Proper ⮚ What is POSITION PAPER? A position paper presents an arguable opinion about an issue. The goal of a position paper is to convince the audience that your opinion is valid and worth listening to. Ideas that you are considering need to be carefully examined in choosing a topic, developing your argument, and organizing your paper. Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited.  ⮚ Characteristics of a Position Paper 1. A paper should be in the author’s own words. This is probably the most basic requirement. Plagiarism is intentionally or unintentionally representing somebody else’s ideas as one’s own, and should be avoided at all costs. You may, of course, appeal to the ideas of others, if you acknowledge doing so and cite your sources appropriately. 2. A position paper should have a clear purpose. Your readers should always have a clear understanding of what you’re going to do in your paper. I find it helpful to think about position papers as attempts to answer specific questions, and to think about think of position papers as falling to four general kinds, according to the types of questions they attempt to address. There are four general kinds of position papers, and each has its own type of objective. They are expositive writing, comparative writing, evaluative writing, and constructive writing. 3. A paper should be well organized. Your paper as a whole, and each part of your paper, should work to fulfill the purpose of the paper. It should take up each task in the order most helpful to meeting that objective and finish one thing before starting another. 4. A paper should flow. Ensure that your paper flows nicely from one point to the next. Avoid sudden jerks. Use smooth transitions. Organizational cues, including section headings, transitions, subject changes, and summaries of what will be or has been done, can help your reader follow your paper. 5. A paper should be clear. Make sure that you really understand what you’re saying and that an average member of your audience could be expected to understand it, too. 6. A paper should be complete. Think slowly. Don’t jump to conclusions. Flesh out all ideas and arguments in sufficient detail and ensure that you adequately defend claims that need defending. Sometimes, specific examples can help to flesh out and support general claims. 7. A position paper should be focused. Try not to include irrelevant or inessential material, unrelated the attainment of the paper’s purpose. If you aren’t going to discuss an argument, for example, don’t spend time setting it out. 8. A position paper should be substantively correct. Attribute positions to the right person and represent those positions correctly. Always try to avoid speculating about an author’s motivations because motivations are difficult to establish and are usually irrelevant to the merits of an author’s case. 9. A position paper should be mechanically correct, adhering to the rules of style and usage. This refers to how the text construction and styles used should be mechanically correct since a position paper gives the author’s insights and perspective to a large number of specific audiences. ⮚ Difference between a Position Paper Concept Paper and a Critique Paper Concept papers between Position papers- Concept papers are descriptions of projects or issues that show the author's or organization's interest, experience, and competence. Position papers are essays that offer a debatable viewpoint on a subject. Critique Papers between Position papers- A critique paper evaluates or analyzes a work or concept, such as a book, article, film, research study, or artistic piece. The goal is to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the work and provide a critical assessment of Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited.  its content, arguments, methodology, or implications. A position paper presents and defends a particular position or viewpoint on a controversial or debatable issue. The goal is to persuade the reader to agree with your stance by providing logical arguments, evidence, and reasoning. ⮚ Parts of Position Paper 1. An Introduction Identification of the Issue Statement of the Position The Introduction should identify the issue of the author’s position. It should be written in a way that catches the reader’s attention. 2. The Body Background information Supporting evidence or facts A discussion of both sides of the issue. The Body of the position paper may contain several paragraphs. Each paragraph should present an idea or main concept that clarifies the portion of the position statement and is supported by evidence or fact. 3. A Conclusion Suggested courses of action Possible solutions Position Paper Sample Katherine Z. Villaluna Philippines English for Academic and Professional Purposes Santa Cruz National High School Support on Senor High School Institution Introduction Senior High School institutions should not be removed from the new curriculum. It has been and will sleep offering practical benefits to new graduates. Senior High School is the additional two years of secondary education implemented in (2014) to ensure that high school graduates are equipped for work, entrepreneurship, or higher education. The Senior High School falls under seven core curricula: Languages, Literature, Communication, Mathematics, Natural Sciences, and Social Sciences; and three Academic Tracks: Academics, Technical- Vocational- Livelihood, and Sports and Arts. The Academic track includes three strands: Business, Accountancy, Management, Humanities, Education, and Social Sciences; and Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). Deped Tagbilaran (2020. Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited. Body A position from change.org to stop the K to 12 Program started even before the program was implemented, on May 20, 2015. The petition claims that the K to-12 Program will increase joblessness and depress wages, only bringing additional burdens to Filipino youth and their parents, and worsening educational woes. On May 20, 2018, a few weeks before the graduation of the Senior High School pioneers, the Department of Education stated on its website that sentiments and questions on social media about the supposed scrap of the K to 12 Basic Education Program are based on misinformation and lack of critical discernment. Philippine Business Education stated that Senior High School Institution helps students prepare for tertiary education. The transition from High School to College will not be tough since Senior High School graduates already know what to expect in college education. Conclusion Some parties appeal to cancel the Senior High School Institution and some strongly support its implementation. For the latter, Senor High School helps the students be prepared for tertiary level, ready to join the workforce, and skill competent in the global job market. Senior High School Institution has been implemented and practiced now for six years. Removing it and returning to a 10-year Basic Education Program will only bring chaos. Instead of antagonizing the program, it is best to support it and help improve its implementation. Supporting the graduates whether they choose to further their education or enter the world of work will help them boost their confidence and be successful individuals in future. Guidelines for Writing a Position Paper 1. Choose an issue. When choosing one, keep the following guidelines in mind. a. The issue should be debatable – you won’t be able to take a stand if the topic is not debatable. b. The issue should be current and relevant. c. The issue should be written in a question form and answerable by yes or no. d. The issue should be narrow and manageable. 2. Begin the writing process by conducting in-depth research on the issue. 3. Make sure to define unfamiliar terms when you first mention them. 4. Be aware of the various positions on the issue and explain and analyze them objectively. 5. Reflect on your position and identify its weaknesses. 6. Cite valid and reliable sources to establish the credibility of your arguments. 7. View the issue in a different perspective so you can present a unique approach. 8. Limit your position paper to two pages. 9. Analyze your target readers and align your arguments to their beliefs, needs, interests, and motivations. 10. Summarize the other side’s counterarguments and use various evidence and data to refute them. 11. Use an active voice as much as possible to achieve a dynamic and firm tone. 12. Arrange your evidence logically using an inductive or deductive approach. 13. In an inductive approach, you discuss specific information first and then look for patterns to create a Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited.  general conclusion. In essence, an inductive approach entails a flow from specific to general ideas. 14. In a deductive approach, you take something general and then branch out and think of specific things that could apply to it. This is a type of reasoning where the flow of discussion starts with a general theory and moves to specific hypothesis. 15. Check your argument for fallacies and eliminate them. Fallacies, or errors in reasoning, weaken your argument. 16. Use ethical, logical, and emotional appeal. An ethical appeal relates to your credibility and competence as a writer; a logical appeal appears to be a rational approach to developing an argument; while an emotional appeal uses arguments in a way that evokes feelings Summary ▪ Position papers are assignments that require you to take a stand on an issue or idea presented in a text. Although your opinion is important and forms the basis for your argument, it should not dominate the assignment. Position papers rely on critical evaluation that goes beyond a mere surface reading or a passionate personal reaction. Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited.  Activity # 1 (Performance Task 1) Name: _______________________________ Strand and Section: _______________ Date/ Week No. _______________________ Score: ________/50_______________ PART 1. DIRECTIONS: Write a position paper using the provided argument topic based on your strand. Apply the given guidelines from the lesson. STEM “Added Features of Computerized Conveniences in Passenger Vehicles: How The Improvement of Human Lives Are Affected?” ABM “Should companies use celebrities to endorse their products?” HUMSS “Are work references a reliable tool in the hiring process?” ICT “Virtual Reality: Transforming Online Gaming and Entertainment” HE “Should biodegradable straws be mandatory in F&B (Food & Beverages) businesses?” PART 2. DIRECTIONS: Write an owned position paper based on a certain issue in the community. 50 pts. POSITION PAPER RUBRIC Learning Resources Argumentative essay topics (business-related). (2023, January 6). Retrieved from https://www.englishcurrent.com/writing/argumentative-essay-topics-business/#health Meanings & definitions of English words. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.dictionary.com/browse/ethical What is the difference between a critique paper and a position paper? (n.d.). Quora. https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-difference-between-a-critique-paper-and-a-position- paper What are some argumentative topics related to your STEM Strand.? (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.quora.com/What-are-some-argumentative-topics-related-to-your-STEM-strand Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited. 1  What are the characteristics of a position paper there are ten 10. (2019, January 1). Course Hero | Own the study hour. https://www.coursehero.com/file/p6524tj/2-What-are-the-characteristics-of-a-position- paper-There-are-Ten-10/ Writing effective position papers. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.agnesscott.edu/center-for-writing-and- speaking/handouts/writing-effective-position-papers.html Writing@CSU.(n.d.). https://writing.colostate.edu/guides/teaching/co301aman/pop8a1.cfm#:~:text=A%20Pos ition%20Paper%20is%20a,a%20particular%20area%20of%20focus. Writing a position paper with an outline and example. (2023, December 19). SlideShare. https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/writing-a-position-paper-with-outline-and- example/264774411 Supplemental Readings and Materials Read the text by clicking on the provided link to get more reading about the lessons. By reading the given text you will learn about another sample of a position paper talks about discrimination and violence. “Preventing Discrimination and Violence against Persons with Disabilities” Page 15 Prepared by: Checked by: Approved by: Vina Angela G. Dumalagan Maurene Reyes A. Reyes Maria Beatriz B. Sico,MM Subject Teacher/s Subject Lead Teacher- English 12 Principal Disclaimer: This module is adapted and modified from the source materials listed in the references list. This is an exclusive property of Philippine Christian University-Dasmariñas SHS and is provided only to enrolled students for their academic use. This module is provided for free by the school through softcopy and/or printed media. Reproduction of this module without official permission is prohibited. 2