CWORLD Finals PDF

CWORLD – FINALS Sheila Eran|1ST Semester | BS PSYCHOLOGY 2ND YEAR - GWAI SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT environment. “Nations cannot build economies DEFINITION OF TERMS on the basis of human suffering.” (A quote from BIODIVERSITY -...

CWORLD – FINALS Sheila Eran|1ST Semester | BS PSYCHOLOGY 2ND YEAR - GWAI SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT environment. “Nations cannot build economies DEFINITION OF TERMS on the basis of human suffering.” (A quote from BIODIVERSITY - Variability and variety of living Gina Lopez, former DENR presidential appointee.) organisms and life in general from all sources on earth. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND ECOSYSTEM - Living and non-living organisms EXISTENTIALISM ENVIRONMENT - Aggregate of all external and internal conditions affecting organisms. CLIMATE - Weather of a locality or region over an extended period of time. NATURE - Entire material universe and its phenomena. Man is included in nature. POLLUTION - Harmful, poisonous substances, or energy source introduced at a rate which is faster than the environment can disperse leading to adverse societal effects. Is the way to preserve our natural DEFINING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT resources ad protect the Earth from all Sustainability is the key to winning the game of kinds of issues and extinctions for the survivability in the arena called future generations. development. It implies economic growth together with SUSTAINABLE/SUSTAINABILITY DEFINED BY DIFFERENT SOURCES: the protection of environmental quality, Merriam Webster’s Dictionary – capable of each reinforcing the other. (Mintzer, 1992) being sustained or relating to, or being a method of using resource so that the resource is A guiding rules are that people must not depleted or permanently damaged. share with each other and care for the www. acciona.com– development that satisfies Earth. (Caring for the Earth, IUCN, p8) the needs of the future generations, guaranteeing the balance between economic It refers to achieving economic and growth, care for the environment, and social well social development in ways that do not being exhaust a country’s natural resources. (Ashford, 1995) THREE PILLARS OF SUSTAINABILITY ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY - It is a process of change in which the Sustainability prevents nature from being used exploitation of resources, the direction of at an inexhaustible source or resources and investment, the orientation of ensures its protection and rational use. technological development and Extinction of resources is consequently, institutional change are made consistent extinction of humanity. with the future as well as present needs. SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY - Sustainability foster the development of people, communities, and It’s maintaining a delicate balance cultures to help achieve reasonable and fairly between the human need to improve distributed quality of life, health care SAE and lifestyles and feeling of well being on one education. hand and preserving natural resources ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY - Sustainability and ecosystems, on which we and future focuses on equal economic growth that generations depend. generates wealth for all without harming the CWORLD - MIDTERM Sheila Eran|1ST Semester | BS PSYCHOLOGY 2ND YEAR - GWAI In broadest sense sustainable In 1987, the report Our Common Future was development is define as a system published by the United Nations World approach to growth and development Commission on Environment and Development, that administers, produces natural, contained the iconic and universally accepted including social capital for the welfare of definition of sustainable development. the current and future generations. Is a development that meets the needs of the 3 PARTS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT present without compromising the ability of SUSTAINABLE ECOLOGY - Which amplifies on future generations to meet their own needs. It resources relevant to human health. includes two key concept: SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE - Where nature- 1. The concept of ‘needs’ the essential friendly schemes in the field of farming, livestock needs of the world’s poor, to which raising and fishing should be utilize. overriding priority should be given. SUSTAINABLE ENERGY - Radiating the relevance 2. The idea of ‘limitations’ imposed by the and timely proliferation of renewable energy at state of technology and social our disposal for the purpose of sustainability organizations on the environment ability to meet present and future needs. DEVELOPMENT APPROACH - that is deemed to balance the different and oftentimes, competing needs versus the awareness to the environmental, economic, and social limitations of the universe and its components. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES - The idea, that human activities undeniably yields to planetary atrocities and as a consequence results to climate change and global warming that further aggravates into environmental problems SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT DETOUR AND DIVERSION: THE CASE OF CHINA In 1972, was the first major international AND JAPAN recognition at the United Nation’s Conference on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) also the Human Environment held in Stockholm. known as global goals or “Transforming our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable In 1980, a world conservation strategy which Development” in short , the 2030 Agenda. The include one of the pioneering references to Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) which sustainable development, making it a global coverage was only until 2015 was replaced by priority was published by the International Union the current SDGs which framework does not of the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). distinguish between “developing” (third-world) and developed (first-world) countries. In 1982, five principles of ‘conservation’ was raised by the United Nations World Charter for Its goals therefore are universal and applicable Nature, used as the guiding principles for to all nations around the world. The United judging human conduct that affects nature. Nations’ (UN) General Assembly formally adopted in September 2015 the “universal, CWORLD - MIDTERM Sheila Eran|1ST Semester | BS PSYCHOLOGY 2ND YEAR - GWAI integrated, and transformative” 2030 Agenda Japanese Policy on renewables revealed that for sustainable development Goals (SDGs). the percentage of transmission capacity is not These goals should be carried-out and be enough because remaining capacities are realized in each and every country from the year reserved when nuclear energy supply go full 2016-2030. swing in the future. It needs to secure full transmission capacity for this purpose to ensure Generation costs of renewable are diminishing safety and stability. The company must SAE every year due to technological progress and consider all the sources set to go into full cost cutting have progressed in other countries operation. Land based wind power could compete with On the other hand, China does not have the thermal power costs have dropped and become same equation in the energy business, while competitive with thermal power. It is not the shift Japan has a program where the utilities buy to renewables will stop because of the lack of renewable energy at a fixed price under the government policy, things are moving ahead at “fixed-price purchase scheme”, which a place and scale exceeding government guarantees price stability. China can turn into expectations. profit even if the initial investment is high. Despite the many challenges faced by A key to issue of channel stability is into Japanese firms, Chinese companies go to distribution the system are ways issue storage Japan and entering the market. thermo to how. power deal through or power adjusting over a possible, of with There FACTORS WHY CHINA WANTS TO DO BUSINESS electricity the adjustments stations. power line IN JAPAN at By wide an usage area renewable sources THE PRICE PAY TO PRODUCERS energy can as incorporated into and this is the Is set higher in Japan because Japanese the cheapest be system way market has a very high potential expansion which makes Japan very attractive in business. After the mass earthquake in Japan, the number of new entrants in solar power CHINESE FIRMS generation had surge. Numbers of firms Will gain brand recognition if they succeed, continued to decline as well as bankruptcies. they believe that this will be a huge plus to Until Chinese businesses are focused and expanding their business around the world. bought struggling Japanese firms. YUKARI TAKAMURA - Professor of graduate CHALLENGES IN JAPANESE ENERGY GENERATION school of environmental studies in Japan FIRMS suggested that they need to make full use of LIMITED ACCESS TO INFRASTRACTURE existing power lines would be the key to cutting Akhiro Hanzawa sells renewable across Japan. cost to address the issue of high cost due to Then something unexpectedly happened. Juts transmission infrastructure. The information after building a new wind power plant, he was about lines usage needs to be transparent to informed that transmission lines do not have the renewable energy producers and other capacity anymore. He has to stop the wind stakeholders. turbines during certain days. This makes his situation extremely unstable. Takamura, also suggested further that Japan must create an investment in regulatory HIGH COST environment including rules in using power lines Number one challenge in Japanese to cut cost. Green energy must be spread to businesses. For example, a company still has to make industry competitive. To this direction, pay real estate tax but the local electric power Japan needs to reshape its energy policy. utility demanded an unexpected fee. CWORLD - MIDTERM Sheila Eran|1ST Semester | BS PSYCHOLOGY 2ND YEAR - GWAI ENERGY BUSINESS PAPAL ENCYCLICAL - A specific category of Is necessary to understand, especially papal document, a kind of letter concerning we, Filipino here in the Philippines and Catholic Doctrine, sent by the pope and usually other countries because surely we are address especially to patriarchs, primates, undeniable one of the global consumers archbishops and bishops who are in of energy. It has clearly manifested to us communion with the Holy See” the sustainable development is the balance combination of infrastructure 3. THE MEDIA - Through Broadcast Channels mobilization. which stressed on the theme “One Vision, One Identity, One Community” SECTORAL RESPONSE 1. THE GOVERNMENT - The conduct of the ONE VISION, ONE IDENTITY, ONE COMMUNITY - government in its every dealings with its Relates to the sensitivity of our oneness to constituents or fellow states is legitimate address the concerns of our environment is for according to peoples’ mandate under of us to act as one people of the world in unison constitutionalism which implies constitutional with our Sustainable Development Goals. supremacy rather than governmental supremacy. It teach us to be part of it which dedicated to the promotion and eventual promulgation of our Treaties compromises international agreements Sustainable Development Goals compromises international law which includes the mandate of promulgating the Sustainable MEDIA AND GLOBALIZATION Development Goals in each of the states COMMUNICATION - the imparting or regardless of economic status. exchange of information by speaking, writing, or using some other medium; the NATIONAL ECONOMY & PATRIMONY - Which laid successful conveying or sharing of ideas down our duties and responsibilities towards our and feelings. National Patrimony. DIGITAL - relating to, using, or storing data or information in the form of digital PATRIMONY - Referred to our inheritance, and signals; involving or relating to the use of what we inherit as a race, as a people, as computer technology. Filipinos is no other than our natural resources. SCRIPT - Handwriting as distinct from print; written characters; writing using a OUR DUTIES TOWARDS NATIONAL PATRIMONY particular alphabet; an automated series 1. Love and Protect of instructions carried out in a specific 2. Conserve and develop our natural order. resources for the future generations. ELECTRONIC - having or operating with components such as microchips and 2. THE CHURCH - The efforts of the church to be transistors that control and direct electric involved in universal humanitarian concerns currents. that affects the spirit and ultimately, the society MEDIA - the main means of mass in general as God is the Father of all mankind. communication (broadcasting, publishing, and the internet) regarded There are quite number of noticeable efforts and collectively. initiatives done by the church but one of the BROADCAST MEDIA - media channels most crucial is the personal exertion by no less which transmit information basically than the Pope himself through his encyclical through radio or television and recently, letter. the internet through social networking CWORLD - MIDTERM Sheila Eran|1ST Semester | BS PSYCHOLOGY 2ND YEAR - GWAI sites and other search engines and web Media, just like religion and reason itself are explorers. instruments of man's paradigm shift from PRINT MEDIA - means of mass bestiality to humanity. These are bases of his communication in the form of printed activities if not the very activity itself which takes publications, such as newspapers and place emanating from his very self to his locality magazines. and being radiated to the world as the current PERFORMING ARTS MEDIA - media condition of globality. But in between global channels that convey a message/s condition is the continuous process of through creative activity that are globalization. performed in front of an audience, such as drama, music, and dance. Globalization, though a process, simultaneously PRESS - newspapers or journalists viewed draws an outcome. To maintain collectively. the good outcome and sustain the process requires medium. GLOBALIZATION Hard medium- man's discovery of the truth Is both a process and an outcome. The outcome through knowing of the self and the of the still ongoing process is appropriately understanding of the social environment in the referred to as the condition that is. This can be hard way. manifested in the globality or interconnectivity Soft medium-those that man learn through of economics, culture, and politics and such are desirable experiences. undeniably, a condition of contemporaneous reality but the global intensification of Globalization could not occur without interconnections of the aforementioned media. Lule, (2012) societal aspects is still in progress. One that is instrumental and would simply qualify as truly Media then becomes significant and is very the force behind the process of humanization instrumental in the birth of one of the most by media communication. complementing word-reality tandem of all time- media and globalization. HUMANIZATION BY MEDIA COMMUNICATION Humanization by Media Communication is the Media and Globalization are oppositely process of transmitting a message of hope and attracted to each other just like the Taoist Yin renewal for intrinsic self-change through media yang (disambiguation) representing "dark- outlets in the guise of promoting humanity. bright". "negative-positive" describes how apparently opposite and contrasting parties All activities related to man are his 'conscious' may practically be complementary, filling each or 'unconscious' designs to make him more other's gap. Independently strong yet human. Even the most dreaded of misfortunes interconnectedly stronger and more that plague his very existence are his to ponder meaningful than ever. and learn, to develop a better self and subsequently, an improved person. Self- Media, is the plural form of medium that developments could be in the intrinsic or etymologically originated from the Latin word extrinsic sides where the former subscribes to 'medius' which, true to its crucial role in both the the elevation of nobility, dignity, and outcome and process of globalization means an righteousness. While the latter relegates to "intervening agency", a "means", or an man's comfort and conveniences in life specially "instrument". Media indeed is the instrument for the creation of technologies and other globalization. inventions that complement man's struggles. CWORLD - MIDTERM Sheila Eran|1ST Semester | BS PSYCHOLOGY 2ND YEAR - GWAI According to Lule (2012), media- the plural form of the word medium - is a means of conveying something, such as a channel of communication. The plural form only came into the general circulation in the 1920s. Like its tandem-partner, globalization, the need for describing a new social issue and facilitate its discussion, paved the way for its conception into the world of words. MARSHALL MCLUHAN Nayan Chanda is an Indian national, the COSMOPOLITANISM - is one special feature of founder and editor-in- chief of Yale Global globalization that refers to all persons as Online, an online magazine that publishes cosmopolite adapting the ideology that human articles about globalization, posited that beings belong to a single community and globalization 'is a process that has worked following a standard common morality. This silently for millennia without having been depicts an imaginary reality of the whole world given a name' and that, as a trend, 'globalization being a 'global village' as coined by Marshall has been with us since the beginning of history. McLuhan, where everything shrank and reduced into tiny accessible existence in just a press of a Jack Lule, an American professor in journalism button establishing the famous phraseology at Lehigh University, in his contentions, he "what a small world". All these imaginary- assumed that globalization has worked in imagery-reality are made possible in a blink of concert with media from the dawn of time to our an eye through media channels like social present day, and globalization and media - two media and social networking sites in particular. words that only came into usage in the twentieth century- capture practices that have HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE roots deep in the history of humanity. Humans Just few decades ago, and not centuries or have always been globalizing, though they have millennia, it begun probably in the late 1900s. not used that word. And human have always This was so when transportation technology been communicating with media, though they (an indispensable aid to migration and have not used that word. transport of economic commodities and printed ideas) and media milestones consequently globalized the world. Indian contemporary social-cultural sociologist, Arjun Appadurai, a celebrated theorist in globalization studies, postulated that there was a 'disruption' within social life in the second half of the twentieth century. He asserted that technological boost in media such as computers, cellphones, and television is fused with patterns in global migrations or convenient 'hereto forth' flow of people around the world. Those two 'diacritics' — The earliest system of communication that can media and migration - fundamentally cover a vast distances was through letters. This changed human life and proved very was written correspondence made possible instrumental to the beginnings of globalization. through hand delivery. In the process, the (Appadurai, 1996:1-11) telegraph was invented in 1972. It neutralized time-issue element. The only downside with the telegraph is that the messages were short. CWORLD - MIDTERM Sheila Eran|1ST Semester | BS PSYCHOLOGY 2ND YEAR - GWAI Rapid technological changes in communication to his distinguish audience or message receiver happened in twentieth century. This was or decoder. Media channels/outlets may be highlighted by the creation of super computers classified as: The Speech Medium, The Script and to respond the demands of globalization, Medium, Broadcast Media, Performing Arts The birth to the internet. Media and Print Media. The earliest system of communication BASED ON THE FOREGOING, MEDIA CHANNELS/ that can cover vast distance was OUTLETS MAY BE CLASSIFIED AS: through letters. The earliest known postal 1. THE SPEECH MEDIUM service dates back as early as 550 B.C Oral medium-human speech is the oldest and In 1792, the telegraph was invented. In the most enduring of all media. Language was 1890, the telephone was discovered and born out of oral communication which the radio the following year. consequently gave homo sapiens the ultimate 20th century was highlighted by the edge over other creature. It has given people creation of super computers, then peculiar culture and distinct identity, a source of scientists and engineers innovated it by pride, momentum towards internationally creating international networks for relationship, interconnectedness, and computers which gave birth to the globalization. internet Language allowed humans to cooperate, It In 1960s, primitive forms of email were helped humans wander the world, opened up being developed with the emergence of markets, It also created permanent center for CompuServe, the earliest version of trades and investments. internet. In 1997, Six Degrees, the first known social media site, came into web existence. Enabling for profile uploading and friends-making. The first blogging site became common that creates a sensation in social media that it is the hottest media commodity. In 2005, YouTube started making noise. In 2006, Facebook and Twitter followed, and not to be outran in this social media 2. THE SCRIPT MEDIUM race. Facebook catered to specific needs This era has proven time and again its critical of its users. role to media and globalization. The script, the very first form of writing, enabled human beings MEDIA AND GLOBALIZATION TRANSFORMATION to transmit messages and impart revolutionary Globalization came into conception through ideas and unique knowledge across huge time media evolution. Media development has been and in much humungous space intertwined with various unique human Writing evolved and developed from simple expressions as conveying a message is an writings in the caves, to hieroglyphs and expression of the self which takes into several petroglyphs, to cuneiform and the Philippines' ways and forms. very own ancient system of writing. Self-expression is either for the purpose of survival per se (pure struggle) or stylish survival (enjoyment of existence. This results to different media classifications hitherto referred as media cannels according to specific needs, desires, goals and objectives of the conveyor or sender CWORLD - MIDTERM Sheila Eran|1ST Semester | BS PSYCHOLOGY 2ND YEAR - GWAI 4. PRINT MEDIA Markings, symbols and Alphabets The histories of media and globalization Representing the different syllables of indispensably avowed the essential role of the languages printing press to both their societal proliferation and diffusion. Great societies, paramount organizations, complex relationships, even life’s goals and individual mindsets have been somehow affected by this ‘information revolution’. This touchstone for reaching mass of people truly gave rise to the mass media concept facilitating the arrival of another concept which is mass communication. The English word paper was originated from the Egyptian Nile river- plant, the Papyrus which the MASS MEDIA AND MASS COMMUNICATION Egyptian themselves used. With scripts on MASS MEDIA – is used to refer to technologies sheets of the papyrus and parchment, humans that are intended to reach a mass audience. had a medium that catapulted globalization. The most common media platforms are Script facilitated for the writing and permanent television, radio, newspapers, magazines, and codification of political, economic, cultural, the currently dominant of all, the internet. social and specifically religious practices. MASS COMMUNICATION – is used to refer to the process in which an individual, group of people, 3. BROADCAST MEDIA or an organization sends a message through Electronic and digital media comprised the channels of communication to a large group of broadcast media. The usual media channels anonymous or identified and heterogenous or collected under this aspect are telegraph, homogenous people and organizations. telephone, radio, film, and television. Elizabeth Eisenstein - An American historian who probed on the profound impact of the printing press. ELIZABETH EISENSTEIN’S OUTSTANDING OBSERVATIONS ON THE IMPACT OF PRINTING PRESS Firstly, the printing press changed the very essence of knowledge by preserving and standardizing knowledge itself. Secondly, the printing press pose a challenge to long-established authorities in the province of religion and politics since it propagates heterogeneity inviting diversity, peculiarity, and uniqueness resulting to debates and dialogues in a way to present competing views. CWORLD - MIDTERM Sheila Eran|1ST Semester | BS PSYCHOLOGY 2ND YEAR - GWAI 5. PERFORMING MEDIA ARTS Performing arts is an art form that utilizes the artists’ physique or body to their projected feelings or emotions. THEATER, is one of the branches of performing arts that deals with.Byway of expressing the self through feelings and emotions, the performers’ actions tell a story and unfold the plot and sequence in front of an audience. DANCE, is another branch of performing arts has always been associated primarily with the locus of performance which is the artists’ graceful physique or body language that are harmoniously showcased in the dance execution itself. MUSIC, is as universally accepted as dance being an art form. Music being a volatile art, can easily synchronize with words to masterfully create that song of MIGRATION AND DEMOGRAPHY varied expressions to the heart and soul Man’s basic instinct is SURVIVAL. Coterminous as body movements do in dance. with this reality is his unending ‘QUEST FOR GREENER PASTURE’ in order to survive Performing Arts is obviously an art. Those who engage in this kind of media are undoubtedly *EARLY NOMADIC “SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST” artists. The moment the artists are ‘on the roll’ or ‘on the move’ executing their routine, they Reiterating once again the relevance of the metamorphose into splendid ‘performers’ state as the venue for the process 0f; captivating audience’ heart, pinning them to 1. Humanization by Rationalization their seats like hypnotized experiment subjects– 2. Racial Settlement the power of media indeed. Transforming the human being from “SAVAGE Performers comes in different types also WANDERER TO A CIVILIZED SETTLER” depending on their masterpieces. Some are the usual dancers, singers, musicians, and actors. Migration and Survival in the Globalization Others do well as comedians, magicians, and Context (p. 159) circus artists or acrobats. To also include the * GLOBALIZATION people are behind the scenes whose * MIGRATION contributions define the success, there are * INCOME and OCCUPATIONAL POLARIZATION artists, songwriters, and those doing the stagecraft whose nature of work classifies them Migration and Survival in the Globalization as artists. Context (p. 159) Conscious Effort: Self - Adjustment for SARAH HANCOCK - a reporter from Australian Demographic Factors Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) and a video SELF DEFENSE MECHANISM ADAPTATION TO NEW journalist in Manchester, England surveyed the SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT (Migration many events in performing arts history and Consequences) came up with overarching historical timeline of the said media channel. CWORLD - MIDTERM Sheila Eran|1ST Semester | BS PSYCHOLOGY 2ND YEAR - GWAI Migration and Survival in the Evolution Context considerations are indispensably crucial to (p.160) address migration issues and challenges and Evolution how to go about the population agenda in Change connection with globalization swings and trends. Climatic and Environmental Polarization Unconscious effort: Self – Adjustment to Climate Factors Self Defense Mechanism: Adaptation to Natural Environment (Migration Consequences) DEFINITION OF TERMS ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF INTERNATIONAL Ageing MIGRATION Fertility Samuel and George (2002) presented that Longevity some of the distinguishing features of Mobility international migration in the last few decades. Mortality First, the migration flows mainly occur from Population developing to developed countries. Second, a higher proportion of migrants are HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE better qualified than the native population in Biblical – religious Accounts most of the countries receiving immigrants. if Book of Genesis, Chapter 1 Verse 28. God said undocumented immigrants are excluded. unto Adam and Eve Third, undocumented immigration has become “Go Forth and Multiply Fill the Earth and Subdue a significant component of International it”. migration despite measures adopted to prevent or reduce such migration. Purely – Historical Scientific Account Fourth, females constitute an increasing Where the theory of evolution is given proportion of international migrants some preference, man’s origin dates back as early as countries (such as Canada ) referring to the 3 to 4 million years ago upon the discovery of “feminization” of migration. what is believed to be the earliest hominid. Fifth, the diaspora of foreign - origin persons in many countries has reached significant In the Evolution Context- Our embedded proportions and they have built up a certain natural self - defense mechanism made us amount of political clout. seemingly different from other peoples of other continents as our bodies adapt to the harsh realities of the environment. Globalization Context- our self defense mechanism is our conscious effort of the migrant to adapt to his new-found environment-community involving his decision for marriage, having children - how many (birth INTERNAL MIGRATION- Rural Urban Migration control and pregnancy). Movement of people away from the rural region (countryside, farms) to an urban (town, city) Choice of job - how much income, the challenge area. of health integrity, that in the absence of familiarity and accessibility, in the not so reassuring and not so providing new territory in order to survive. In other words, demographic CWORLD - MIDTERM Sheila Eran|1ST Semester | BS PSYCHOLOGY 2ND YEAR - GWAI INTERNAL MIGRATION - SEASONAL MIGRATION aid from developed Seasonal Migration - also know as labor countries migration. *locked up in It refers to a movement of people away barricaded detention from their homes to find a livelihood, site usually on temporary basis. Farmers moving their herds from snow - International Migration - Voluntary Migration covered uplands to lowlands CAUSES Lower living cost INTERNAL MIGRATION- PLANNED MIGRATION More relaxed and less stressful lifestyle Refers to large - scale migration of Higher income and better lifestyle people within a country usually carried Better recognition of their talents and skills. out by the government. The most famous example - MIGRANTS LEGAL / ILLEGAL Transmigration Program of Indonesia. Legal Migrants Illegal Migrant Migrants that legally is a person who Transmigration Program of Indonesia - It was enter into the country, owing, to illegal entry an initiative of the Dutch colonial government, have a valid or the expiry of her or and later continued by the Indonesian immigrant visa and his visa, lacks legal government to move landless people from proper status in a transit or densely populated areas of Indonesia to less documentation. host country. The populous areas of the country term applies to migrants who infringe INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION-INVOLUNTARY MIGRATION a country's admission Involuntary Migration = Forced Migration rules and any other Movement of people caused by events person not authorized which forced people to move against to remain in the host their will. country People involved in this movement = Refugees, WHY DO PEOPLE MIGRATE? PULL AND PUSH FACTORS Refugees are persons who owing to well Think of the factors/ reasons that push away founded fear of persecutions for reasons of race, people from a place (PUSH FACTORS) and religion, nationality or political opinions, are (PULL FACTORS) things that pull people outside of their country of origin and cannot or towards a place owing to such fear, do not wish to avail themselves of the protection of that country. INVOLUNTARY MIGRATION CAUSE EFFECT Unfavorable social * refugees cause conditions economic strain in ex: persecution and host country civil wars. * poorly equipped refugee camp Unfavorable * unrest refugees environmental refuse to go home * conditons refugees depend on ex: droughts, floods CWORLD - MIDTERM Sheila Eran|1ST Semester | BS PSYCHOLOGY 2ND YEAR - GWAI HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE : CITIZENSHIP TRIO OF TAPESTRY 1. CITIZENSHIP - Entails the reciprocal duties of allegiance on the part of the citizens its state, and protection on the part of the state to its citizens. 2. GLOBALIZATION- Multidimensional set of social processes. What are the dual Dynamics of Globalization and Citizenship? If you will be given a chance after earning your 3. MEDIA - Medium or instrument that degree, will you migrate to other country? Why? metamorphose the citizenship concept into an or will you stay in your home country? Why? active sprightly undertaking within the meters REASONS FOR MIGRATIONS and bound of globalization. 1. Work and Livelihood 2. Exchange Rates and Inter-State Income A Tale of Three 'Thesaurus' Global Citizenship Disparity 1. Masai Mara National Reserve 3. Technology Trends 2. Zhuo Quiang 4. Politics and Governance 3. Thomas Paine 5. Training and Education 4. Efren Penaflorida From Local to Global 6. Population Explosion WHAT IS GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP? WHAT DOES GLOBAL CITIZEN 7. Development Urbanization MEAN? GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP GLOBAL CITIZEN Web Definition: -It is the idea that - Is a PERSON who is Recognizing the interconnectedness of life, people have universal aware of the wider respecting cultural diversity and human rights, rights, privileges, world perspective advocating global social justice, empathizing duties, and and acts in with suffering people around the world, seeing obligations that come accordance with the world as others see it and feeling a sense of with his membership such developing and moral responsibility for planet Earth to this world. indispensable phenomenon that Global citizenship can be defined as a moral greatly impacts and ethical disposition that can guide the humanity’s promotion understanding of individuals or groups of local in the global stage. and global contexts, and remind them of their relative responsibilities within various communities. CWORLD - MIDTERM Sheila Eran|1ST Semester | BS PSYCHOLOGY 2ND YEAR - GWAI 2 VIEWS: (Modern States) 1. Liberal- 2. Civic-Republican Individualist View View - highlighting - Stresses on entitlements and democratic needs and the basic participation and reciprocal state considers citizenship obligation of not as passive static protection for correlation between inherently passive states and individuals political entities. but as an active and dynamic legal- political concept that traverse around obligations, rights and specific privileges Dual dynamics between Globalization and Citizenship: a) Citizenship being b. Citizenship being a a stable and hyperactive concept invariable concep - globalization limits - Indicating stimuli to its participation to the social and political role of influencing affairs, which can and eventually take the form of the transforming the chain of events twofold relationships. indicating belief, system, systemic disposition and practical tendencies.