Control Devices Group 3 PDF

BASIC CONTROL DEVICES PRESENTATION Presented by : Group 3 our team Elca, Yezha Escoto, Ram Vincent Imperial, Trisha Mae Mapula, Julianna Marie Molina, John Montales, Cedrick Padilla, Christian Vinuya, Martin Joe Sabalboro, Mhelrose  INTRODUCTION Contro...

BASIC CONTROL DEVICES PRESENTATION Presented by : Group 3 our team Elca, Yezha Escoto, Ram Vincent Imperial, Trisha Mae Mapula, Julianna Marie Molina, John Montales, Cedrick Padilla, Christian Vinuya, Martin Joe Sabalboro, Mhelrose  INTRODUCTION Control Devices A Control Device regulates and manages the operation of an electrical circuit by turning on or off the circuit. The control device regulates or limits the condition within the circuit by controlling the voltage and current.  TOPICS Electromagnetic Switches Transistor Devices Diodes Circuit Protection Motors Devices Capacitor Fuses & Fusible Links  SWITCHES Definition A device that can turn an electric circuit on or off, or divert an electric current from one conductor to another. Basic Function Symbol The basic function of a switch is to turn something on or off by connecting or disconnecting an electrical circuit TYPES OF SWITCHES Single Pole, Single Throw (SPST) switch A single-pole, single-throw (SPST) switch controls the current flow in a single path, with one input and one output connection. TYPES OF SWITCHES Single Pole, Double Throw (SPDT) switch A single-pole, double-throw (SPDT) can connect one input to either of two outputs. It has one input and two output connections. TYPES OF SWITCHES Double Pole, Double Throw (DPDT) switch A double-pole, double-throw (DPDT) provides independent control over two circuits with two input and output connections. Its multiple positions allow for different combinations of connections between the inputs and outputs. TYPES OF SWITCHES Momentary Contact Switch A momentary switch, also known as a “momentary contact switch,” works or turns “on” only for a brief period when it is actuated. Unlike a typical latching switch that remains in its current state until manually changed, a momentary switch is spring-loaded to return to its original position once pressure or force is removed.  DIODES Definition Diodes are semiconductor devices with two terminals that have high resistance on one end and low resistance on the other. Diodes are a vital safeguard for many electronic devices by ensuring a consistent and predictable path for the current. Basic Function Symbol A diode allows electric current to pass in one direction, while blocking it in the opposite direction.  TYPES OF DIODES 1 2 Standard Diodes Zener Diodes 3 Light Emitting 4 Schottky Diodes Diodes (LEDs) 5 Photodiodes  FORWARD BIAS VS REVERSE BIAS Forward Bias Reverse Bias When the anode is When the anode is more positive than the negative relative to cathode, allowing the cathode, blocking current to flow current flow  CAPACITOR Definition A capacitor is a two-terminal passive electronic component that stores energy in the form of an electric field between two conductive plates separated by an insulating material (called a dielectric). Capacitance Symbol The ability of a capacitor to store charge, measured in Farads (F).  BASIC CAPACITOR FUNCTION Energy Storage A capacitor stores electrical energy when a voltage difference exists between its two terminals. Charge and discharge When a voltage is applied across the capacitor, it accumulates charge until it reaches the applied voltage. When the voltage is removed, the capacitor discharges its stored energy. TIME CONSTANT The rate at which a capacitor charges or discharges is determined by the RC time constant, which is the product of the resistance (R) in the circuit and the capacitance (C) of the capacitor.  TYPES OF CAPACITOR 2 Electrolytic Capacitors 1 Ceramic Capacitors 3 Tantalum 4 Film Capacitors Capacitors 5 Supercapacitors (Ultracapacitors)  TRANSISTOR Definition A transistor is a semiconductor device that controls the flow of electricity in electronic devices by amplifying or switching electrical signals. A transistor can act as a switch, turning the flow of electricity on or off. Basic Function Symbol The basic function of a transistor is to amplify or switch electrical signals  TYPES OF TRANSISTORS BJT FET BJTs are classified as either Field-effect transistors NPN or PNP, depending on (FETs) are solid-state the order of the doped devices that use an materials. BJTs are known electric field to control for their high voltage gain, the flow of current but they are slower and between two electrodes produce more noise than in a semiconductor FETs  CIRCUIT PROTECTION DEVICES Definition Protection devices for electrical circuits undertake two main utilities such as consistency and protection. Various protection devices act as a protection agent and prevent us from many electrical damages. Generally, these devices remove fire hazards and electrocution.  SPLICE A splice is the joining of two or more conductors together in a manner that results in a permanent electrical termination and mechanical bond, and may be completed by either crimp or solder process. Splice Connectors are used to make quick splices or connections with two or more pieces of wire.  CYCLING CIRCUIT BREAKER A cycling circuit breaker is a Type I circuit breaker that continuously resets or cycles Symbol until the overload is corrected. Automatic Reset, which means the circuit breaker keeps cycling on and off until the overload is removed.  NON-CYCLING CIRCUIT BREAKER A non-cycling circuit breaker, also known as a Type II circuit breaker, remains open while Symbol the circuit has power and resets when the power is turned off. Modified Reset or Non Cycling, where the circuit breaker doesn’t reset until the overload is removed or the power is turned off.  BIMETAL ARM A bi-metal arm, or bimetallic strip, protects against overcurrents and excessive temperatures in a variety of ways. Due to the current flowing through them, these metal strips will heat up. Bimetallic strips are widely used in thermostats, circuit breakers, thermal overload relays, and etc. ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICES Electromagnetic devices utilize magnetic fields to perform mechanical or electrical operations. 01. RELAY An electrically operated switch that uses an electromagnetic coil to open or close contacts. When current flows through the coil, it generates a magnetic field, which activates the contacts to either open or close the circuit. This provides electrical isolation and control. 01. types Solid-State Relays: Electromechanical Utilize electronic Relays: Use physical components for contacts to control faster and quieter circuits. operation.  ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICES Electromagnetic devices utilize magnetic fields to perform mechanical or electrical operations. 02. solenoid A coil of wire that generates a magnetic field when electric current flows through it, used to produce mechanical motion. When energized, the magnetic field draws a plunger or core into the coil, creating linear or rotational motion. 02. features Provides Can operate in Available in rapid and both push various sizes precise and pull for diverse motion. configurations. applications.  MOTORS Description: Motors are electromechanical devices that convert electrical energy into mechanical motion. They are integral to countless machines and systems, providing motion, force, or mechanical work. It operates based on electromagnetic induction, where the interaction of current-carrying conductors with magnetic fields generates force.  TYPES OF MOTORS dc motors Powered by direct current. Offer precise speed control by varying voltage. Common types include brushed and brushless motors. Applications: Robotics, toys, conveyor belts, and portable tools. TYPES OF MOTORS ac motors Powered by alternating current. Available in single-phase and three-phase designs. Known for reliability and efficiency. Applications: Industrial machinery, fans, pumps, and household appliances.  TYPES OF MOTORS Stepper Motors Rotate in discrete steps, allowing for precise control of position. Ideal for applications requiring accurate movement. Applications: CNC machines, 3D printers, and camera gimbals. TYPES OF MOTORS Brushless Motors Do not require brushes for operation, reducing wear and increasing efficiency. Compact and lightweight with high performance. Applications: Electric vehicles, drones, and advanced machinery. GUESS THE COUNTRY BY EMOJI THAILAND + THAILAND + + + + + + + THANK YOU Presented by : Group 3