Contemp. Art Terms PDF

Contemp. Art Terms. ARTS -which means to join or put together. -Artizein in Greek, means "to prepare" -the use of Skill and Imagination in the creation of of aesthetic objects. CONTEMPORARY ARTS. - art of the modern day. -it combines several mediums to create new and unique artwork. PRE HISTORIC...

Contemp. Art Terms. ARTS -which means to join or put together. -Artizein in Greek, means "to prepare" -the use of Skill and Imagination in the creation of of aesthetic objects. CONTEMPORARY ARTS. - art of the modern day. -it combines several mediums to create new and unique artwork. PRE HISTORIC ART ( 40,000 to 4,000 b.c) -earliest artifacts come from the paleolithic era. -the form of rock, carvings, engravings, pictorial imagery, sculptures. ANCIENT ARTS ( 4,000 B.C-A.D 4000) -this period varies depending on the civilization that produced it. MEDIEVAL ART ( A.D 500- A.D. 1,4000) -often refered as "dark ages" -periods reflects the darkness, characterized by grotesque imagery and brutal scenery. RENAISSANCE ARTS ( 1,400- 1,600) -characterized by natural elements, individualism and realism. -had an attention to "human anatomy" MANNERISM ARTS (1527-1580) -inspired by the ideas if michaelangelo Raphael, and other late renaissance artists. - had stylized features and exaggerated details. BAROQUE ARTS ( 1600- 1750) - characterized by ornate, the top visual arts and architecture. - Artwork depicted on grandeur and richness. -dramatic as seen. ROCOCO ( 1699- 1780) -characterized by lightness and elegance. -focusing on nwtural forms and assymetrical design and the use of subtle colors. NEOCLASSICISM ARTS ( 1750-1850) -obtained the elements of classic antiquity. - recreate the greate work of ancient art taken from archaeological ruins. ROMANTICISM ARTS ( 1780- 1850) -romanticism artist reject order, harmony, and rationality. -artwork showed passion, emotion, and sensation over intellect reason. REALISM ARTS ( 1848- 1900) - first modern art movement. - artwork featured detailed, life- life depictions of the subject matter. IMPRESSIONISM ARTS ( 1865- 1885) - focused on encapsulating the impression of an exact moment. POST IMPRESSIONISM ( 1885- 1820) - subjective visions and symbolic. - personal meanings rather than observations in outside world. ART NOVEAU ( 1890- 1910) -translated as "new art". FAUVISM ART ( 1900- 1935) - emphasized the expressive use of intense colors, line and brushwork. EXPRESSIONISM ART ( 1905-1920) - sought to display the anxieties and raw emotions through the artist's work. CUBISM ART ( 1907-1914) -led by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. - characterized by flat, two-dimensional surfaces, geometric forms or cubes. SURREALISM ( 1916-1950) - surrealists attribute to the thinking to events like World War 1. - surrealists artist like Salvador Dali sought to tap into the unconsious mind to portray revelations. ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM (1940's-1960's) - referred to do away with traditional techniques and instead used spontaneity and improvisation. OP ART ( 1950's-1960's) - short for "optical art". -greatly influenced with developments of science and technology as well as optical effects and illusion. ARTE POVERA (1960's) - literally translated as "poor art" - this period are sculptural in nature wherein soil, rocks, paper, rope and other natural elements. MINIMALISM ( 1950's-1960's) - founded by younger artists in New York who probed the overly expressive works. - invife the viewers to focus on what exactly the art portrays. CONCEPTUAL ART ( 1960's-1970's) - focused on ideas, concept, there is no distinct style or form. CONTEMPORARY ART ( 1970's-Present) - marked by the exploration of postmodernism, feminist art, neo-expressionism, street art, appropriation art. WHY DO ARTIST CREATE ARTS? -for worship -evoke emotions and feelings -reinforce cultural ties -for adornment -to tell stories VISUAL ARTS - art forms that perceived and appreciated using our sense of sight. FINE ARTS - this artworks are developed for aesthetics or beauty. Ex. drawings, painting, sculpture, calligraphy, printmaking, graphic and architecture. DECORATIVE ARTS - also called decorative crafts, art forms created because of aesthetic design. PERFORMING ARTS - art forms that uses their voices, body movement, or non living objects to express one's emotion or feelings. Theater arts - also known as play. Ex. mime, puppetry, tragedy, opera, musical theater, traditional theater. ART MUSIC - usually presented and preserved through written musical notations. POPULAR MUSIC -generally refers to music that is accessible and commercially available to public. TRADITIONAL MUSIC - musical forms that are community and culturally based. DANCE -folk dance -improvisational dance - traditional dance - hip-hop dance - modern dance ELEMENTS OF ARTS 1. Lines- also called as "stroke", marks the distance between two points. (Straight line, curved line,diagonal line, dotted or dash line, zigzag line, perpendicular line, parallel line) 2. Color- refers to visual PROPERTIES OF COLOR HUES- refers to the basic or pure color and is represented in the color wheel. Intensity/saturation - the vividness of the color referring to i Value- refers to the lightness and darkness of a color. COLORWHEEL- an arrangement of primary, secondary, and tertiary colors, is an important tool to identify which colors can work well if used in a certain artwork. A. Primary colors- are known as basic colors because they cannot be created by mixing other hues. (red, blue, yellow) B. Secondary colors- are created by the equal mixture of primary colors. ( purple, orange, green) C. Tertiary colors or intermediate colors - are created when you blend secondary and primary colors. ( Yellow-orange, red-orange, red-purple, blue-purple, blue-green, and yellow green ) BLACK AND WHITE- they are called achromatic. They don’t have any saturation or hue: they are simply a shade. COLOR SCHEMES: Monochromatic- Color scheme involves using the same hue but with different gradients of value. Analogous- Color scheme Complementary- Color scheme 3. SHAPE AND MASS- refers to areas with boundaries identified or drawn using lines. Shape- It is two-dimensional (2D) where a line crosses over that creates a shape. In other words, it is a flat figure with distinct measurements. MASS- refers to solid portions of a 4. TEXTURE-refers to the feel or appearance of a surface, denoting the smoothness or ruggedness of the image or object. 5. VALUE- refers to the gradual change of lightness or darkness of color. 6. SPACE- refers to the area that is occupied by an object or a subject, as well as the area surrounding that object or subject. 7. TIME AND MOTION - refer to movement in the visual arts. It can either be an illusion or an actual motion. VARIOUS ART FORMS FOUND IN THE PHILIPPINES. Painting- is a two-dimensional image or artwork created using pigments or color on a ground such as canvas, cardboard, paper or wood. Types: EASEL PAINTING- Is the most common form of painting. These are typically meant to be framed and hanged on a wall after creating them. MURAL PAINTING- Is a huge –sized painting usually created on wall that aims to convey a message to the public. TELON PAINTING- artwork synonymous to a backdrop or background for a stage usually used in popular forms of theatre arts in the country such as komedya, sarswela, or sinakulo. JEEPNEY AND CALESA PAINTING- Is an artwork that is created on the famous transportation of the country. COLLAGE- Involves the combination of different images to form a single artwork. COMMON THEMES USED IN PAINTING ARE: 1. STILL LIFE involves the use of natural or man-made objects in a natural-setting. 2. PORTRAIT is an image of a person or animal. 3. LANDSCAPES portray a natural scenery or an outdoor scene. 4. SEASCAPES make use of large bodies of water like the ocean or the sea as the subject of the painting. 5. INTERIORS refer to the painting of the space inside of a house or a building, which shows the social class of the people living in it as well as their traits. 6. HISTORY portrays scenes from the past, which often teaches a lesson about national values. 7. RELIGION is another common subject used in painting. 8. GENRE painting depicts people in their daily activities. 9. NUDES are portrayals of the unclothed human figure. SCULPTURE- Comes from Latin word “Sculpere”, meaning to carve. Sculpture as plastic arts refers to the creation of three-dimensional figures, forms or designs from a single block mass of materials. TWO MAJOR PROCESSES: 1. Subtractive – is when unwanted materials are cut away to form a figure. 2. Additive – is the putting together of materials to form a figure. TECHNIQUES in SCULPTURE 1. CARVING is a subtractive process where the material is removed. 2. MODELING is an additive process where the material is added to build up a shape 3. CASTING involves the use of a mold to form molten bronze (or other material) into a desired shape. 4. CONSTRUCTION is an additive process that involves welding, gluing, or nailing materials together. 5. ASSEMBLAGE is an additive process that involves assembling of found objects in unique ways. 6. KINETIC SCULPTURE involves the use of movable parts (like the wind). KINDS OF SCULPTURE a. Low Relief or Bas Relief – is slightly higher from the flat surface. The lowest reliefs are likened to the figures carved on coins. b. High Relief - is when the form of the sculpted figure is clearly visible because many elements are completely detached from the background. 2. Free-standing or full-round is a kind of sculpture that can independently stand in space. With its flat horizontal base, a free-standing sculpture can be seen from all sides. 3. Kinetic and Mobiles are moving threedimensional figures. These are those that are suspended on air. OTHER FORMS OF VISUAL ARTS: LITERATURE- It is composed of written works that hold a lasting importance in the culture of a particular people. are considered to be very good and to have lasting importance. The first book printed in the Philippines is the Doctrina Christiana, which had been published in 1593 in Manila. 1. POETRY refers to the type of literature that expresses one’s emotions or ideas using a figurative or symbolic language, usually written in a group of lines or stanzas. ELEMETNS OF POETRY: a. Meaning – the use of allusion, connotations, idioms, or any new words in portraying the poet’s his feelings or ideas. b. Figurative language – the use of simile, metaphor, and other figures of speech in conveying a message without directly stating the literal meaning. c. Imagery – the use of descriptions and details on objects, actions, and ideas that appeal to the readers’ physical sense 2. PROSE uses sentences and paragraphs, and sounds like an ordinary speech or writing used to inform and persuade the readers MUSIC- Music is an arrangement of sounds, combining vocal or instrumental sounds, to create a continuous and unified composition for emotional expression. ELEMENTS OF MUSIC; 1. Melody is the overarching tune created by playing a succession or series of pitches. 2. Rhythm is the pattern or placement of sounds in time and beats in music · Tempo - describes how fast or slow the music is · Meter - refers to the unit of time that is made up of beats or pulses · Rhythmic pattern – is the combination of notes and rest DANCE- art that involves a series of rhythmic human movements that are deliberately selected to match the speed and rhythm of a piece of music. FORMS AND TYPES OF DANCES IN THE PHILIPPINES: · Folk Dance is a dance developed by people to reflect the life of a certain region or country. This is a dance that expres· Ballet is a theatrical dance performed on stage with the use of costumes, music, scenic design, and lighting. · Ballet is a theatrical dance performed on stage with the use of costumes, music, scenic design, and lighting. · Modern Dance is a dance form that emerged during the 20th century that make use of dance styles THEATER- Theater is an art form that involves live performers, usually actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or imagined event in front of an audience, usually in a particular pace, often a stage. FORM AND TYPES OF PHILIPPINE THEATER: · Dulang Pahiyang is a theater that is not viewed as a separate activity, but as a part of life. a. Rituals – are characterized as a way to communicate with the Gods or spirits, which involves a shaman, usually a babaylan or an albularyo, who calls the spirit and is being possessed by that spirit. b. Duplo – is a poetic joust in speaking and reasoning, in which Balagtasan was derived from. c. Bayok – is a Maranao mimetic joust, whose theme is reliant on the occasion when the joust is being performed. d. Balitaw – is a poetic debate between a man and a woman. · Dulambayan or the People’s Theater is considered as the “theater in the context of social movements. a. Drama Simboliko - is the allegorical nationalist drama, which began during the American regime and was revived later on during the Marcos regime. b. Street Theater – is presented outside the theater building and without a stage area. c. Teatrong Pansimbahan is focused on spirituality and is usually performed based on the events implemented by the Church. FILM- Also known as a movie, motion picture or moving picture, Film is a work of visual art used to communicate ideas, feelings, experiences using moving images that are shown on television in cinema. FORMS AND TYPES OF FILM: · Aksyon (Action) – emphasizes conflict based on real-life stories or actual experiences of persons, and based from the tradition of metrical romance or literary komedya. · Animation is a film that involves the creation of illustrations or inanimate images and bringing them to life. Bomba is a film that depicts nudity and sex but is different from X-rated pornography. · Dokyu (documentary) is a motion picture that narrates news events or explanations on a specific subject matter based on facts. · Drama is a motion picture that dwells on personal problems and conflicts that `portrays sentiments and emotion. · Experimental is a film that involves the creation of something new and innovative, that is never been done before with the camera. · Fantasy is characterized by scenes from the imaginary world. · Historical depicts actual events from the past. · Horror is a film that brings fear to the audience. · Komedi (Comedy) NATIONAL ARTIST FOR PAINTING. 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