Nature vs. Nurture Class 4 & 5 PDF

9/9/24 Nature & Nurture 1 2 Family Measure a trait in family members; look for Twin Measure a trait in many pairs of both MZ correlations between membe...

9/9/24 Nature & Nurture 1 2 Family Measure a trait in family members; look for Twin Measure a trait in many pairs of both MZ correlations between members of differing and DZ twins. What differences do we see Studies relatedness. Studies in the correlations? 3 4 GOAL: figure out heritability. What’s heritability? An estimate of how much of a trait’s variability (in a population) Behavioral is due to genes. Notice… Genetics Heritability is not about individuals. Heritability is about populations. Heritability does not imply immutability. Adoption Measure a trait in many adoptees. Compare correlations to biological vs. Studies adoptive family members. 5 6 1  9/9/24 Child Parent IQ Child Pre-Intervention IQ Child Post-Intervention IQ 1 85 87 102 Parent genotype ® child genotype 2 90 90 105 3 94 100 117 4 84 82 94 5 89.8 100 91.3 98 105.4 113 Child genotype ® child phenotype 6 85 98 111 r =.90 7 75 72 84 r =.88 8 83 83 97 9 100 102 116 10 94 90 102 11 86 90 105 12 103 107 121 13 94 98 113 14 80 78 92 15 96 100 115 16 88 85 99 7 8 Parent genotype ® child genotype Child genotype ® child phenotype Child environment ® child phenotype Child phenotype ® child environment Child environment ® child genotype?! 9 10 Genotype- Environment Correlations PASSIVE EFFECTS: parents provide both genes and environments… EVOCATIVE EFFECTS: people tend to give children what has been elicited… ACTIVE EFFECTS: we seek out particular environments that suit us… 11 12 2