CHN Finals Notes PDF

Trisha Antonette C. Cortes environment, Health status CHN- FINALS of each family member, Values habits practices on hea...

Trisha Antonette C. Cortes environment, Health status CHN- FINALS of each family member, Values habits practices on health promotion Unit IV: The Family Nursing Process maintenance and disease The Family Nursing Process is a prevention systematic approach designed to assist 2. Typology of Nursing Problems families in developing and enhancing their capacity to meet health needs and First Level Assessment: resolve health-related issues. This Identifying immediate health comprehensive guide outlines the various concerns affecting the family. phases of the Family Nursing Process, o Relates what health assessment tools, intervention strategies, problems exist and will and evaluation methodologies. exist I. Assessment Phase o Presence of wellness Family Identification condition- stated as potential or readiness- a The initial step in the Family Nursing clinical or nursing Process involves identifying the family judgement about a client in unit that will be assessed. This includes transition from a specific recognizing the family structure, level of wellness or dynamics, and the specific health issues capability to a higher level they face. o Presence of health threats Tools for Assessment – conditions that are 1. Initial Data Base conducive to disease and accident or may result to o Collecting baseline failure to maintain wellness information about the or realize health potential family, including demographics, health o Presence of health history, and current health deficits – instances of issues. failure in health maintenance o Family Structure Characteristics and o Presence of stress points/ dynamics, Socio-economic foreseeable crisis and cultural situations – anticipated characteristics, Home periods of unusual demand  on the individual or family in o Therapeutic competence terms of adjustment/ family – ability to comply with resources. prescribed or recommended procedures Second Level Assessment: It and treatments to be done explains the family’s problems at home related to maintaining health and o Knowledge of health wellness condition – understanding o Specified the measures of the health condition or that the family did not do essentials of care due to INABILITY according to the 3. Family Health Task: developmental stages of family members 5 Family health tasks (Maglaya, o Application of principles A., 2004) of personal and general o Recognizing interruptions hygiene – practice of of health development general health promotion o Making decisions about and recommended seeking health care to act preventive measures o Dealing effectively health o Health care attitudes- and non-health situations family’s perception of o Providing care to all health in general members of the family o Emotional competence – o Maintaining a home degree of emotional environment conducive to maturity of family members health maintenance according to their 4. Family Coping Index: Evaluating developmental stage how families cope with health o Family living patterns – challenges and stressors. interpersonal relationships among family members, 9 areas of assessment of the management of family family coping index (freeman and finances, and the type of Heinrich, 1981) discipline in the home o Physical independence – o Physical environment – family member’s mobility includes home, school, and ability to perform work and community activities of daily living environment that influences health of family  o Use of community o Techniques: facilities – ability of the ▪ Observation, family to seek and utilize as interviews, review of needed both environment- family records, and run and private health physical Steps of Assessment Phase examinations. 1. Planning for Data Collection o Guidelines for Data Collection: o Identify problems/issues affecting family structure, ▪ Be systematic, such as: respectful, and ensure ▪ Clashing confidentiality. personalities and disagreements. 3. Analysis of Data ▪ Parental conflicts o Categorize data into health and mental health deficits, threats, and issues. foreseeable crises. ▪ Economic stresses 4. Family Profile and Diagnosis and domestic o Create a community profile violence. summarizing baseline ▪ Cultural or conditions and trends to generational inform family health differences. diagnosis. 2. Data Collection Methods and II. Planning Phase Techniques Steps of Planning Phase o Sources of Data: 1. Analysis of Diagnosed Health ▪ Primary Sources: Problems Directly from family o Assess the family's ability to members. recognize and address ▪ Secondary health issues. Sources: How will the PHN assess the Information from families’ ability to resolve the friends, neighbors, problems? and existing records. o Families ability to recognize the 3. Setting Goals and Objectives presence of health problems. o Develop client-focused (– o Families ability to make decision provide need based care to for taking appropriate health children) and nurse- action. focused goals, (after my o Families ability to provide desired nursing intervention the care to the sick family member. mother will be able to o Families ability to maintain provide need based care to environment conducive to health malnourished children) promotion maintenance/development Factors influencing the goal formulation 2. Establishing Priorities o Interpersonal relationship o Rank health problems o Families perception of the based on severity, problem modifiability, and o Families felt need preventive potential. o Families perception about the seriousness of the Criteria for setting priorities problem o Type of Problem: health o Families ability to face the deficit, threats and reality foreseeable crisis o Severity of the 4. Formulating Family Health and consequence of the Care Plan problem Supplemental. Direct nursing o Modifiability of the care services by the PHN to the problem: Families ability to sick. Selecting appropriate nursing resolve problems with care resources Developmental. PHN prepare o Salience (seriousness of some family members to give the problem) similar care in her absence o Preventive potential: Facilitative. CHN improve families whether the problem can physical facilities either by be prevented, eradicated or modifying the exiting facilities by controlled developing new facilities. Common Resources in Planning 4. Rehabilitative: Focusing on optimizing functioning and Family Resources: Physical reducing disability. capabilities, financial resources, and support systems. IV. Evaluation Phase Community Resources: Local Evaluation Methods programs and organizations. 1. Quantitative Evaluation: Assess Human Resources: Involvement the extent of services rendered, of health personnel and their including visit counts and health competencies. outcomes. III. Action Phase: Family Health and 2. Qualitative Evaluation: Nursing Care Plan Implementation o Structure Evaluation: Steps in Action Phase Measure resource adequacy. 1. Review and mobilize resources. o Process Evaluation: 2. Implement the care plan and Assess the effectiveness of document actions taken. nursing actions. 3. Provide adequate information and o Outcome Evaluation: motivation for families to engage in Evaluate the end results of health actions. care provided. 4. Encourage the use of community Family-Nurse Contact resources. Establishing Rapport Categories of Intervention The initial interaction between the nurse 1. Promotive: Empowering families and family can occur through various through health education and means, including clinic visits, home visits, literacy. and written communication. 2. Prevention: Implementing Home Visit strategies to reduce health risks and promote safety. Home visits provide unique advantages: 3. Curative: Providing therapeutic 1. Direct assessment of the home interventions aimed at curing environment. health conditions. 2. Identification of previously unnoticed needs.  3. Tailored interventions based on Phases of Home Visit family resources. Previsit phase - Nurse contacts the 4. Enhanced family participation in family, determines the willingness for a health care. home visit, and sets an appointment with them. Advantages of Home Visits o A plan for the home visit is 1. It allows first hand assessment of formulated during this phase. the home situation. Advantages of o Being a professional contact with Home Visit the family, the home visit should 2. The nurse is able to seek out have a purpose. previously unidentified needs. 3. It gives the nurse an opportunity to Purposes: adapt interventions according to o To have a more accurate family resources. assessment 4. It promotes family participation o To educate the family about and focuses on the family as a measures of health promotion, unit. disease prevention and control of 5. Teaching family members at home health problems. is easier by the familiar setting and o To provide supplemental the recognition of the need to learn interventions for the sick, disabled are faced by the actual home or dependent family member. situation. o To provide family with greater 6. The personalized nature of home access to health resources in the visit gives family a sense of community. confidence in themselves and in o Use information about the family the agency. collected from all possible sources Disadvantages of Home Visits such as records, other personnel or agency, or previous contacts 1. The cost in terms of time and effort. with the family. 2. There are more distractions because o The home visit plan focuses on the nurse is unable to control the identified family needs, environment. particularly needs organized by the family as requiring urgent 3. Nurse’s safety. attention. o The client and the family should actively participate in planning for continuing care.  o The plan should be practical and home visit or another form of family-nurse adaptable. contact. In-home phase Use this time to record findings, such as vital signs of family members and body o This phase begins as the nurse weight. seeks permission to enter and lasts until he or she leaves the Postvisit phase family's home. It consists of Takes place when the nurse has returned initiation, implementation, and to the health facility. Involves termination. documentation of the visit. o Initiation - It is customary to knock or ring the doorbell and at The Nursing Bag the same time, in a reasonably Frequently called the PHN bag is a tool loud but nonthreatening voice say, used by the nurse during home or "Tao po. Si Jenny poi to, nurse sa community visits to be able to provide health center?." care safely and efficiently. o On entering the home, the nurse acknowledges the family members Serves as a reminder of the need for hand with a greeting and introduces hygiene and other measures to prevent himself and the agency he the spread of infection. represents. o Observes environment for his own safety and sits as the family directs him to sit. Records and Reports in Family Health Establish rapport by initiating a short Nursing Practice conversation. Documentation of interactions, States the purpose of the visit the source assessments, and interventions is crucial of information. for continuity of care and evaluation of the Family Nursing Process. Implementation - Involves the application of the nursing process, assessment, provision of direct nursing care as needed, and evaluation. Termination - Consists of summarizing with the family the events during the home visit and setting a subsequent