Computer Programming (1) Lecture Notes PDF

Computer Programming (1) Lecture No.5: Operators Lecturer: Dr. Khaled Mohammed bin Abdl ,Department of Information Technology ,College of Applied Science Seyion University Semester 1, 2023...

Computer Programming (1) Lecture No.5: Operators Lecturer: Dr. Khaled Mohammed bin Abdl ,Department of Information Technology ,College of Applied Science Seyion University Semester 1, 2023 1  Content 2  C++ operators  Assignment operators  Arithmetic operators  Increment and decrement operators  Decision making operators (logical and relational)  Conditional operator  Precedence and associativity of operators  Common errors  Operators 3  Data connectors within expression or equation  Concept related  Operand: data that operator connects and processes  Resultant: answer when operation is completed  Operators types based on their mission  Assignment  Arithmetic: addition, subtraction, modulo division,...etc  Relational: equal to, less than, grater than, …etc  Logical (decision-making): NOT, AND, OR  Operators (cont.) 4  Operators types based on number of operands  Unary operators Have only one operand May be prefix or postfix e.g. ! ++ --  Binary operators Have two operands Infix e.g. + && ==  Ternary operators Have three operands e.g. ? :  Assignment operators 5  Assignment statement takes the form below varName = expression;  Binary operators  Expression is evaluated and its value is assigned to the variable on the left side  Shorthand notation  varName = varName operator expression; c = c + 3;  varName operator = expression; c += 3;  Assignment operators 6 (cont.)  Assignment between objects of the same type is always supported Assignment Sample Explnation Assigns operator expression Assume: int c = 3, d = 5, e = 4, f = 6, g = 12; += c += 7 c=c+7 10 to c -= d -= 4 d=d–4 1 to d *= e *= 5 e=e*5 20 to e /= f /= 3 f=f /3 2 to f %= g %= 9 g=g%9 3 to g  Arithmetic Operators 7  All of them are binary operators C++ operation C++ arithmetic Algebraic C++ expression operator expression Addition + f+7 f + 7 Subtraction - p-c p - c MUltiplication * bm or b. m b * m Division / x / y or x ÷ y x / y Modulus % r mod s r % s  Arithmetic expressions appear in straight-line form  Parentheses () are used to maintain priority of manipulation  Arithmetic Operators 8 Precedence  Operators in parentheses evaluated first  Nested/embedded parentheses Operators in innermost pair first  Multiplication, division, modulus applied next  Operators applied from left to right  Addition, subtraction applied last  Operators applied from left to right  Arithmetic Operators 9 Precedence  Example 10  The statement is written in algebra as z = pr % q + w / (x – y)  How can we write and evaluate the previous statement in C++ ? z = p * r % q + w / (x - y); 6 2 3 5 4 1.Example, count.Example, count  Increment and Decrement 13 Operators  Unary operators  Adding 1 to or (subtracting 1 from) variable’s value  Increment operator gives the same result of (c=c+1) or (c+=1)  Decrement operator gives the same result of (c=c-1) or (c-=1)  Increment and Decrement Operators (cont.) 14 Operator C alled Sample Explanation expression ++ Preincrement ++a Increment a by 1, then use the new value of a in the expression in which a resides. ++ Postincrement a++ Use the current value of a in the expression in which a resides, then increment a by 1.  Pridecrement --b Decrement b by 1, then use the new value of b in the expression in which b resides.  Postdecrement b-- Use the current value of b in the expression in which b resides, decrement b by 1.  Examples 15 15 Example # 3 int x = 10; Example # 1 int x = 10 , y; cout