CHAPTER 3: Research Methodology PDF

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Prepared by: Melvin O. Alejandrino, MBA Research Methodology This chapter will explain how the researchers were able to: 1. choose the individuals/groups to get the data from, 2. collect, interpret and analyze data, as well as the 3. techniques and tools employed...

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Prepared by: Melvin O. Alejandrino, MBA Research Methodology This chapter will explain how the researchers were able to: 1. choose the individuals/groups to get the data from, 2. collect, interpret and analyze data, as well as the 3. techniques and tools employed in the research process.  Research Research Design Instrument What are Respondents the parts of the Study of Data Chapter Gathering 3? Sampling Statistical Technique Treatment Exploring creativity of Data Research Design is the plan or blueprint for how a research study will be conducted.  Descriptive Narrative Phenomenological Quantitative Case Study Qualitative? Correlational Comparative Participants of the Study refers to the individuals or groups from whom data is collected. They are the people who participate in the research by providing information through surveys, interviews, or other data collection methods. Research Instrument refers to the tool or device used to collect data from participants or sources. It could be a survey questionnaire, interview, guide, test, observation checklist, or any other method used to gather information relevant to the research study. Data Gathering explains the step by step process of how the researchers were able to collect data from respondents and sources. Sampling Technique refers to the method used to select a subset of individuals or items from a larger population for the purpose of conducting research. Probability Sampling Non Probability Sampling refers to a refers to a sampling sampling technique where technique where each member of a not every member population has a of the population known, non-zero has a known or chance of being equal chance of selected for the being selected for sample. the sample. Probability Systematic Sampling the random selection only applies to Sampling the first item chosen. A rule then applies so that every nth item or person after that is picked. Simple Random Sampling every element in the population has an Stratified Sampling equal chance of being selected as part of involves random selection within predefined the sample. It’s something like picking a groups (strata). It’s a useful method for name out of a hat. researchers wanting to determine what aspects of a sample are highly correlated with what’s being measured. Cluster Sampling groups rather than individual units of the target population are selected at random for the sample. These might be pre-existing groups like sections, courses or colleges. Non Convenience Sampling People or elements in a sample Probability are selected on the basis of their accessibility and availability Sampling Quota Sampling Purposive Sampling method where the researcher selects method where the researchers choose the participants based on specific respondents who are RELEVANT and has characteristics or attributes (such as age, KNOWLEDGE/EXPERIENCE gender, income, education, etc.) to ensure about the study. that certain subgroups of the population are represented in the sample. Snowball Sampling With this approach, people recruited to be part of a sample are asked to invite those they know to take part, who are then asked to invite their friends and family and so on. Statistical Treatment of Data refers to the process of applying statistical methods to analyze and interpret the data collected during the study  QUALITATIVE Content Grounded Analysis Theory Analysis examines text, image, is a method of conducting video, or audio messages qualitative research to develop and quantifies the theories by examining real- presence of certain world data. This technique words, subjects, and involves the creation of concepts. hypotheses and theories Thematic Narrative Discourse Analysis Analysis Analysis used for analyzing Discourse analysis is the is a method used to interview transcripts, act of researching the interpret research focus group discussions, underlying meaning of participants’ stories— open-ended survey qualitative data. It things like testimonials, involves the observation responses, or any other textual data. It focuses on case studies, focus of texts, audio, and identifying and analyzing groups, interviews, and videos to study the patterns, or themes, other text or visual data relationships between within the data. information and its social context.  QUANTITATIVE (Weighted) Mean ANOVA refers to the average of (Analysis of Variance) is a a set of values. It is statistical technique used to calculated by adding up compare the means of three or all the values in a more groups to see if there is a dataset and then statistically significant dividing the sum by the difference between them. number of values. Percentage Pearson-R Correlation T-Test a percentage is a number measures the is a statistical test or ratio expressed as a used to compare the strength of the linear fraction of 100 means of two groups relationship between to determine if they f÷n x 100 two variables. are significantly different from each other. Thank you very much! Honesty is the best policy! #TheLastManStandingIsAWoman