Introduction To Educational Research PDF

AN INTRODUCTION TO EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH PART 1  WHAT IS RESEARCH ? Research = solve problems that have no known solution in the current context. Research is NOT learning from books, papers, news reports, experts…. Anything that can be answered, by definition, is not a research. Searching on...

AN INTRODUCTION TO EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH PART 1  WHAT IS RESEARCH ? Research = solve problems that have no known solution in the current context. Research is NOT learning from books, papers, news reports, experts…. Anything that can be answered, by definition, is not a research. Searching online is NOT a research. Why do research ? ❖Understand the world ❖Solve the problems ❖Improve existing solutions FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM. WHAT IS RESEARCH? Abstract Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Bibliography Appendix FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM.  Definition of research ❖ Research is a scientific way of answering questions. ❖ Research is a systematic process of collecting and analyzing information (data) in order to increase our understanding of the phenomenon that we are concerned or interested. ❖ Educational Research is all about addressing an issue or asking and answering a question or solving a problem related to education. FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM.  3 INQUIRY METHODS IN RESEARCH ❖ POSITIVIST Numerical analysis and emphasizes the accuracy of research evidence. ❖ INTERPRETATIVE Using verbal descriptive data, observation/ interview. Examines in depth the characteristics of the subjects. ❖ CRITICAL To improve social conditions of mankind. The findings are valid if the researchers can improve the social situations. (Chua,2012) FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM. Steps of conducting scientific Method Identifying the problem/area of interest. Generate Research Objectives/Questions. Formulating a hypothesis(optional) Developing the research plan. Collecting and analyzing the data. Accept/reject hypothesis (for Quantitative Research) Interpreting results and forming conclusions. FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM.  Research classification System 1 ❖Basic research ❖Applied research System 2 ❖Quantitative research ❖Qualitative research System 3 ❖Experimental research ❖Non-experimental research FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM.  System 1 BASIC RESEARCH APPLIED RESEARCH Developing and testing theories Central purpose is to solve and hypotheses that are immediate problem. intellectually challenging. Improved products or processes. Pure, fundamental research. Always done on the basis of basic Discovery of new knowledge; research. theoretical in nature. Takes many years for the results of basic research to find some practical utility. FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM.  System 2 QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE Structured approach Non numerical data Numerical, measurable data Observations of a natural setting ❖Clearly stated questions In-depth descriptions of situations. ❖Testing hypothesis Interpretive and descriptive ❖Large samples Types of Qualitative research ❖Statistical analysis ▪Ethnography ❖Variables ▪Phenomenology Types of quantitative research ▪Discourse analysis ▪Correlational Research ▪Grounded theory ▪Causal-comparative research ▪Experimental Research FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM.  https://www.pinterest.com/pin/448530444141930264/ FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM. DECIDE ON YOUR RESEARCH APPROACH Experimental/ quasi Quantitative Correlational Survey Causal comparative Descriptive qualitative Ethnography Qualitative Phenomenology Grounded theory Case study Mixed- Combine both methods methods FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM.  System 3 EXPERIMENTAL NON EXPERIMENTAL Independent variable and Causal- comparative Dependent variable Descriptive Cause and Effect Correlational Extraneous variable controls Historical Control group vs Experimental group FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM.  The effect of time management program on students’ academic achievement. (Example) EXPERIMENTAL GROUP CONTROL GROUP Expose to time management program No treatment Serve as a baseline Random assignment control vs experimental Independent and dependent variable Cause and effect FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM. An overview of Research Designs Action research Experimental Correlational Causal comparative Descriptive qualitative Ethnography Survey Historical Case study FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM. ACTIVITY 1: GROUPWORK Find 5 research articles on the TESL field (year 2020 and above) Determine: 1.The inquiry method 2.The research approach Prepare a short presentation to share your work with your friends. You have 30 minutes to complete this task. FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM.  Criteria for a good research title Should be feasible (can be done). Interesting, novel, ethical and relevant. What, why, when, who, how ? Identify your research area Research Research Objectives Research title problem Research Questions FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM.  Teachers and school are facing Research problem the problem of disruptive behaviour among secondary school students. To examine the contexts of destructive behaviour among secondary school Research Objective students (RO). (RO)/Question(RQ) What are the contexts of destructive behaviour among secondary school students? (RQ) The Contexts of Disruptive Research Title Behaviour Among Secondary School Students FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM.  Research Isolation in the online learning problem environment To examine the students’ perceptions on the Research social presence in the online learning Objective environment (RO) (RO)/Question What are the students’ perceptions on the (RQ) social presence in the online learning environment?(RQ) The Issues and Challenges Research Title in an Online Learning Environment. FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM. ACTIVITY 2: In the same group, decide THREE feasible titles for a research project. Be prepared to share the research problems, research objectives and research title. You have 15 minutes to complete this task. FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM. References Ary, D.,Jacobs,L.C.,Razavieh, A.,& Sorensen, C.(2006). Introduction to Research in Education. (7th ed.). Vicki Knight, Canada. Chua Yan Piaw (2016). Mastering research methods. (2nd ed.). Malaysia: McGraw-Hill. Creswell, J. W. (2012).Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. (4th ed.). New Jersey: Merrill Education. Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E. & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education. (8th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM.  End of Chapter 1 Part 1 FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UITM PUNCAK ALAM.