Cellular Respiration Lecture Notes PDF
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These lecture notes provide an overview of cellular respiration, covering topics from its different stages (glycolysis, Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation), to the various mechanisms involved and their regulation. The notes also explore important co-enzymes like NADH and FADH2. The document is suitable for an undergraduate level biology class on metabolic processes
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CELLULAR RESPIRATION Lecture 2 (Part 2) Final OBJECTIVES 1. Differentiate anabolism from catabolism 2. Relate the structure and function of NADH and FADH2 in metabolism and its corresponding enzyme. 3. Differentiate and calculate ATP synthesis in oxidative phosphorylation and s...
CELLULAR RESPIRATION Lecture 2 (Part 2) Final OBJECTIVES 1. Differentiate anabolism from catabolism 2. Relate the structure and function of NADH and FADH2 in metabolism and its corresponding enzyme. 3. Differentiate and calculate ATP synthesis in oxidative phosphorylation and substrate level phosphorylation. 4. Describe the enzymes, co-factors, regulation and other molecular mechanisms of glycolysis, Pyruvate reduction, Krebs cycle and Electron Transport Chain. 5. Account for the net ATP and NADH production at the end of glycolysis, Krebs cycle (aerobic) and pyruvate (anaerobic) reduction. 6. Account for the net ATP using the two major shuttle systems used by eukaryotic cells. I. CELLULAR METABOLISM OVERVIEW A series of metabolic processes that take place within a cell in which the biochemical energy is harvested from organic substance (e.g. glucose) and then stored in energy-carrying biomolecule (e.g. ATP) for use in energy-requiring activities of the cell MITOCHONDRIA II. ANABOLISM VS CATABOLISM III. HOW IS WORK DONE IN A CELL? IV. THE ATP MOLECULE V. CO-ENZYMES OF BIOLOGICAL OXIDATION dehydrogenases or oxidoreductases 1. GLYCOLYSIS 1. GLYCOLYSIS Location: cytoplasm Reactant: Glucose Major Product: 2 Pyruvates Byproduct: none ATP: 2 2. PYRUVATE OXIDATION The conversion of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA by the enzyme complex pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. The reaction may be simplified as: 3. KREB’S CYCLE 3. KREB’S CYCLE Location: mitochondrial matrix Reactant: pyruvate Major Product: NADH, FADH2 Byproduct: CO2 ATP: 2 4. OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION Location: mitochondria- inner mitochondrial membrane Reactant: NADH, FADH2 Major Product: ATP Byproduct: H2O ATP: 28 or more ATP SYNTHASE VI. ENERGY YEILD VIII. REGULATION OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION Allosteric Feedback Substrate Hormonal Regulation Inhibition Availability control Energy Covalent Oxygen Gene Charge of the Modification Availability Expression Cell Applications END QUIZ 2- Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Cheat sheet- cellular respiration only- 1 whole short coupon bond, hand written, front and back SOURCES Alberts, B. (2015) Molecular Biology of the Cell. 6th Edition, Garland Science, Taylor and Francis Group, New York. Nelson, D. L., & Cox, M. M (2017). Lehninger principle of Biochemistry (7th ed). W.H. Freeman. Iwasa, J., Marshall, W. F. & Karp, G. (2016). Karp’s Cell and Molecular biology: Concepts and experiments Weaver, R. (2008). Molecular Biology. Singapore: McGraw Hill. Lodish, H., Berk, A., Matsudaira, P., Kaiser, C., Krieger, M., Scott, M., Zipursky, S and Darnell, J. (2004). Molecular Cell Biology (5th ed.). New York: W.H. Freeman and Company. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SUPQVg1vO0Q
