ASPPB 4 Sample Past Paper PDF

ASPPB 4 1. If an empirically derived scoring key from a biodata form developed in one sample is applied to a second sample, the validity of the biodata form applied to the second sample would be expected to: a. increase or decrease, depending on conditions. b. remain the same. c. dec...

ASPPB 4 1. If an empirically derived scoring key from a biodata form developed in one sample is applied to a second sample, the validity of the biodata form applied to the second sample would be expected to: a. increase or decrease, depending on conditions. b. remain the same. c. decrease. d. increase. 2. Which of the following areas of research would be *most* relevant to a scientist in the field of epigenetics? a. How sex-linked genes differ from autosomal genes b. How an individual\'s genetic mutations can be inherited by offspring c. How deletion of a particular gene impacts an individual\'s behavior d. How an individual\'s experiences influence gene expression 3. A participant in a memory study learned a list of word pairs, including the pair \"trumpet-sponge.\" Later, the participant learned a second list of words, including the pair \"trumpet-rug.\" When asked for the word that was paired with trumpet from the second list of word pairs, the participant incorrectly responded \"sponge.\" This error is an example of: a. proactive interference. b. retroactive interference. c. anterograde amnesia. d. retrograde amnesia. 4. A performance test of intelligence, rather than a verbal test, would be *least *appropriate for which of the following? a. Predicting academic progress in a suburban elementary school b. A clinical study of a case of acute reading delay c. Testing children in rural, low socioeconomic level regions d. Evaluating the educability of immigrants who have recently arrived in the United States or Canada 5. During a behavior modification program, all reinforcement is withheld when a four-year-old exhibits severe tantrum behavior. Initially, the number of severe tantrums increases from previous baseline data. This phenomenon is known as: a. spontaneous recovery. b. noncontingent responding. c. reinforcement expectation. d. extinction burst. 6. Research has established that older adults who abuse alcohol: a. are as responsive to treatment as are younger adults. b. do not respond well to group treatment. c. are less responsive to treatment than younger adults. d. rarely have a lifetime history of alcohol abuse. 7\. Item response theory approaches to scale development/analysis yield item characteristic curves. A property of these curves is that the: a\. slope equals the reliability of the item. b\. intercept reflects the reliability of the item. c\. intercept reflects the ability of the item to discriminate different levels of the construct. d\. slope reflects the ability of the item to discriminate different levels of the construct. 8. Which statement *most* accurately describes psychologists\' ethical obligations when confronted with a law that conflicts with their profession\'s ethics code? a\. Psychologists are ethically obligated to obey all state, provincial, and federal laws even though some of those might conflict with the requirements of their ethics code. b\. Psychologists have an ethical obligation to do what they can to find a responsible and respectful way to resolve the conflict and uphold the principles and standards of their ethics codes. c\. Since laws can vary across state and provincial jurisdictions, psychologists must exercise their own judgment about how to respond to ethical-legal conflicts in their own jurisdictions. d\. The ethically appropriate way for psychologists to respond to an ethical-legal conflict will vary depending upon which clinical issues are involved. 9\. Which of the following studies would be an example of a cross-sectional approach to examining developmental processes? a\. Mothers are asked to describe the behavior of their infants at birth. b\. Girls and boys are compared in the ability to learn a second language. c\. Children are compared with adolescents in their knowledge of spatial relationships. d\. The same group of adults is given personality tests at ages 25 and 45. 10\. A female adolescent Asian immigrant is trying to fit in at a new school. She has quickly mastered English, affiliates exclusively with European American peers, and has wholeheartedly joined in extracurricular activities. At home, she argues frequently with her parents because she thinks their expectations of her are too \"old fashioned.\" What acculturation strategy has she adopted? a\. Accommodation b\. Integration c\. Separation d\. Assimilation 11\. Which of the following is a component of *most* evidence-based treatments for young children with disruptive behavior disorders? a\. Cognitive thought-stopping with children b\. Role play or in-session practice with parents c\. Dietary restrictions d\. Acceptance work with parents 12\. According to ethics codes published by the American and Canadian Psychological Associations, multiple relationships are: a\. allowable without restrictions, but only after termination of therapy. b\. sometimes allowable during therapy. c\. strictly prohibited. d\. allowable only after termination of therapy, and then only under certain specific circumstances. 13\. A research participant is asked to perform a dull, repetitive task, and then to convince the next participant that the task was actually interesting. According to research by Leon Festinger, the original participant is *most* likely to believe the lie that the task was interesting: a\. when paid a large sum of money as an incentive. b\. when paid a small sum of money as an incentive. c\. when judging the activity as preferable to other activities. d\. when the next participant appears to believe the lie. 14\. The evaluator of an intervention program aimed at reducing substance abuse among gay men who are HIV positive scrutinizes the program objectives and examines the extent to which the program operates according to the objectives and procedures originally devised. Which type of evaluation is the researcher undertaking? a\. Process b\. Impact c\. Treatment efficacy d\. Program implementation 15\. According to ethics codes published by the American and Canadian Psychological Associations, the *most* important element in informed consent to therapy is that the person giving consent must: a\. possess the capacity to understand the process of therapy. b\. be informed about the credentials of the therapist and the possible risks of therapy. c\. be of the age of majority. d\. possess the capacity to understand the nature and potential consequences of therapy. 16\. A psychologist is developing an intervention encouraging safer sex practices using the stages-of-change model. Which of the following strategies is *most *likely to be included in a module that targets individuals in the precontemplation stage. a\. Informational materials on behaviors that increase the chances of contracting STDs b\. Discussion on how to maintain use of safer sex practices with multiple partners c\. Instructions on the proper use of a condom d\. Role-playing to practice discussion of safer sex practices with potential partners 17\. The triphasic model of sexual functioning contributed to the conceptualization of sexual disorders by adding which of the following to Masters and Johnson\'s model of sexual response? a\. Myotonia in the genitals b\. Vasocongestion of the genitals c\. Sexual arousal d\. Sexual desire 18\. In which of the following scenarios would a very intelligent child be operating in Lev Vygotsky\'s zone of proximal development? a\. Working with a skilled older child to acquire the skill b\. Helping a younger sibling with a challenging task c\. Working in isolation to solve a difficult problem d\. Attempting to accomplish a task with a group of equally intelligent children 19\. A college student has decided to major in hospitality management. The student reaches this decision by giving very careful consideration to the career choice of running a bed and breakfast. Because this student is committed to this choice and has made it without being influenced by other people, James Marcia\'s theory would regard the student as being in which identity status? a\. Foreclosure b\. Moratorium c\. Achievement d\. Diffusion 20\. Which of the following is an effect of selective serotonergic reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in heavy drinkers? a\. Short-term increase in alcohol consumption followed by long-term reduction in alcohol consumption b\. Short-term reduction of alcohol consumption c\. Long-term reduction of alcohol consumption d\. Gradual increase in alcohol consumption 21\. A young child with a history of chronic otitis media is *most* likely to show deficits on which subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children? a\. Vocabulary b\. Coding c\. Symbol Search d\. Picture Span 22\. In the face of perceived threat, *most* systems (e.g., family, school, government) respond by: a\. expending their resources more carefully. b\. seeking more information about the nature of the threat. c\. becoming more flexible. d\. becoming less open. 23\. A psychologist practicing a humanistic approach is in a session when the client exclaims, \"Yes, that is exactly it\" and then elaborates and provides further information. This is *most* likely an indication that the psychologist has just provided which condition for the client\'s growth? a\. Genuineness b\. Accurate empathy c\. Positive regard d\. Motivational congruence 24\. The only psychologist in a small rural community is asked by a child\'s parents to assess their 5-year-old child. The family attends the same church as the psychologist. According to ethics codes published by the American and Canadian Psychological Associations, which of the following would be the psychologist\'s *best* course of action? a\. Limit involvement to only crisis-intervention services. b\. Avoid attending church during the time of the evaluation. c\. Discuss the potential implications of the dual relationship with the parents. d\. Refuse the parents\' request to assess the 5-year-old child. 25\. The ABAB design involves which of the following four phases? a\. Baseline, intervention, withdrawal of intervention, read ministration of intervention. b\. Baseline for group A, baseline for group B, intervention for group A, intervention for group B c\. Active intervention, baseline, active intervention, baseline d\. Intervention, withdrawal of intervention, intervention, withdrawal of intervention 26\. Which of the following provides the best diagnostic information for detecting the presence of a seizure disorder? a\. Computerized tomography b\. Positron emission tomography c\. Magnetic resonance imaging d\. Electroencephalography