Exploring the Skull's Perspectives PDF

Exploring the Skull's Perspectives The skull is a complex structure that can be viewed from various angles, each providing unique insights into its anatomical features and clinical significance. This presentation will guide you through the different perspectives of the skull, from the frontal to the...

Exploring the Skull's Perspectives The skull is a complex structure that can be viewed from various angles, each providing unique insights into its anatomical features and clinical significance. This presentation will guide you through the different perspectives of the skull, from the frontal to the inferior view. By Dr. Amandeep Kaur Anatomical Structure of the Skull 1 Cranium The upper, rounded portion of the skull that protects the brain. 2 Facial Bones The lower, anterior portion of the skull that forms the face. 3 Sutures The fibrous joints that connect the cranial bones. 4 Foramina The openings in the skull that allow for the passage of nerves and blood vessels. Frontal View of the Skull Forehead Orbits Nasal Aperture The prominent, rounded area The bony cavities that house the The opening at the center of the above the eyes and between the eyes and protect them from injury. face that allows for the passage temples. of air. Lateral View of the Skull 1 Temporal Bone The bone located on the side of the skull that houses the inner ear. 2 Zygomatic Arch The bony projection that extends from the cheekbone to the temporal bone. 3 Mandible The lower jaw bone that allows for chewing and speech. Posterior View of the Skull Occipital Bone Mastoid Process Foramen Magnum The bone at the back of the The bony projection behind the The large opening at the base skull that protects the ear that serves as an of the skull where the spinal cerebellum and spinal cord. attachment point for muscles. cord connects to the brain. Superior View of the Skull Sutures Parietal Bones Frontal Bone The fibrous joints that connect the The bones that form the sides and The bone that forms the forehead cranial bones. roof of the cranium. and part of the cranium. Inferior View of the Skull Foramen Magnum The large opening at the base of the skull where the spinal cord connects to the brain. Pterygoid Processes The bony projections on the underside of the skull that serve as attachment points for muscles. Condyles The rounded projections on the occipital bone that articulate with the atlas vertebra. Clinical Significance of Understanding the Skull's Different Views Diagnosis Treatment Rehabilitation Understanding the skull's anatomy Knowledge of the skull's structures Knowing the skull's different views helps healthcare professionals guides surgical procedures and the aids in the assessment and identify and diagnose conditions like placement of medical devices like management of head injuries, such fractures, tumors, and plates, screws, and shunts. as concussions and traumatic brain developmental abnormalities. injuries.  Learning Objective Define the pelvic girdle and describe the bones and ligaments of the pelvis Explain the three regions of the hip bone and identify their bony landmarks Describe the openings of the pelvis and the boundaries of the greater and lesser pelvis   The pelvic girdle (hip girdle) is formed by a single bone, the hip bone or coxal bone (coxal = “hip”), which serves as the attachment point for each lower limb. Each hip bone, in turn, is firmly joined to the axial skeleton via its attachment to the sacrum of the vertebral column. The right and left hip bones also converge anteriorly to attach to each other. The bony pelvis is the entire structure formed by the two hip bones, the sacrum, and, attached inferiorly to the sacrum, the coccyx  The pelvic girdle is formed by a single hip bone. The hip bone attaches the lower limb to the axial skeleton through its articulation with the sacrum. The right and left hip bones, plus the sacrum and the coccyx, together form the pelvis. PELVIS /HIP BONE   The adult hip bone consists of three regions. The ilium forms the large, fan-shaped superior portion, the ischium forms the posteroinferior portion, and the pubis forms the anteromedial portion.  The three areas of each hip bone, the ilium, pubis, and ischium, converge centrally to form a deep, cup-shaped cavity called the acetabulum. This is located on the lateral side of the hip bone and is part of the hip joint. The large opening in the anteroinferior hip bone between the ischium and pubis is the obturator foramen. This space is largely filled in by a layer of connective tissue and serves for the attachment of muscles on both its internal and external surfaces CRANIAL LANDMARKS Alveolon (alv)