ABE 41 Lecture 15 Tractors PDF

ABEn 141 Agricultural and Biosystems Power Engineering 1ST Semester, A.Y. 2024-2025 Lesson 15 Farm Tractors ABE 41 Agricultural and Biosystems Power Engineering From Dr. Omar F. Zubia, UPLB Lesson 15 Farm Tractors ABE 41 Agricultural and Biosystems Power Engineering From Dr. Omar F. Zubia, UPLB L...

ABEn 141 Agricultural and Biosystems Power Engineering 1ST Semester, A.Y. 2024-2025 Lesson 15 Farm Tractors ABE 41 Agricultural and Biosystems Power Engineering From Dr. Omar F. Zubia, UPLB Lesson 15 Farm Tractors ABE 41 Agricultural and Biosystems Power Engineering From Dr. Omar F. Zubia, UPLB Learning Outcomes 1. Define what is tractor and identify its classification. 2. Identify 2-wheel tractor according to its function. 3. Identify 4-wheel tractor according to horsepower rating of engine. 4. Identify commonly used tractor symbols based on PAES standards. Tractor derived from the Latin word trahere, meaning “to draw.” mechanical device powered by an engine ranging from 3 hp to over 100 hp. Tractor Equipped with a transmission system that produces high torque on its wheels for pulling various implements in the farm. PCARRD, 2007; Sulit.com, 2011 Tractor Equipped with a hydraulic system for lifting and operating various implements in the farm. Kubota, 2011 Tractor Classification 1. TWO-WHEEL TRACTOR 2. FOUR-WHEEL TRACTOR 2-Wheel Tractor Single-axle machine powered by an engine ranging from 3 hp to 15 hp. Also known as walking type tractors or hand tractors. 2-Wheel Tractor The first two-wheel tractors were introduced in the Philippines from Japan in the 1960s for wetland rice cultivation. It is used for land preparation, planting, cultivating, harvesting and transport. 2-Wheel Tractor Classification According to Function 1. Traction / Pull Type 2. Rotary Type 3. General Purpose Type 2-Wheel Tractor Classification According to Function 1. TRACTION / PULL Type fitted with pneumatic tires for dry land operation. fitted with steel cage wheels for wet land operation. equipped with a single-bottom moldboard plow or two-bottom disc plow and comb-tooth harrow for land preparation. 2-Wheel Tractor Classification According to Function 2. ROTARY Type Rotary blades may be attached to the wheel axle for dry land operation. Rotary blades may be attached to a front axle similar to a cage wheel for wet land operation. The wet land type comes with a floating device for deep mud conditions. 2-Wheel Tractor Classification According to Function 3. GENERAL Purpose Type fitted with a drawbar for traction work and a power- take-off (PTO) for rotary work 2-Wheel Tractor Classification According to Function 3. GENERAL Purpose Type It comes with a detachable rotavator assembly powered by the PTO. This tractor is of Japanese design and comes normally with steering clutches and multiple speed transmission including reverse. 4-Wheel Tractor Double-axle machine powered by an engine ranging from 15 hp to over 100 hp. The first four-wheel tractors were brought to the Philippines during the American occupation for large-scale sugar cane production. 4-Wheel Tractor Power is delivered as draft at the drawbar, rotary at the PTO and lifting at the hydraulic system. Implements are mounted on the tractor using the hydraulic-controlled three- point hitch system. 4-Wheel Tractor : Types 1. TWO-WHEEL DRIVE 2. FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE 4-Wheel Tractor : Types 1. TWO-WHEEL DRIVE 2. FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE 4-Wheel Tractor : Types 2-Wheel Drive (2WD) Tractor: Power is supplied only to the two rear wheels. Better suited for dry, level, and firm terrains where traction is less of an issue. Typically has a simpler design, lower initial cost, and lower maintenance. Ideal for light-duty tasks and fields with good soil conditions 4-Wheel Drive (4WD) Tractor: Power is distributed to all four wheels, giving increase traction and stability. Suitable for rough, uneven, muddy, or sloped terrains where extra traction is needed. Usually has a more complex design and higher initial cost. Ideal for heavy-duty tasks, pulling larger implements, and working in challenging conditions. 4-Wheel Tractor Typical control panel of a 4-wheel tractor 4-Wheel Tractor Classification According to Horsepower Rating of Engine 1. COMPACT TYPE tractors with power rating below 32 hp 2. STANDARD TYPE tractors with power rating above 32 hp 4-Wheel Tractor Classification According to Horsepower Rating of Engine 2. STANDARD TYPE ▪ Standard Light Tractors (32hp To 49hp) ▪ Standard Light-medium Tractors (50hp To 69hp) ▪ Standard Medium Tractors (70hp To 89hp) ▪ Standard Heavy Tractors (90 Hp And Above) 4-Wheel Tractor: Categories Drawbar Power Category Lift Force in lb (kN) in hp (kW) 20 – 45 1,040 – 2,340 I (15 – 35) (4.6 – 10.8) 40 – 100 2,080 – 4,810 II (30 – 75) (9.3 – 21.7) 80 – 225 4,160 – 8,060 III (60 – 185) (18.6 – 36.1) 180 – 400 6,890 – 12,610 IV (135 – 300) (31.0 – 56.6) Roll-Over Protective Structure (ROPS) Two-Post ROPS Roll-Over Protective Structure (ROPS) Four-Post ROPS Commonly Used Tractor Symbols PAES 105:2000 Commonly Used Tractor Symbols PAES 105:2000 Commonly Used Tractor Symbols PAES 105:2000 Commonly Used Tractor Symbols PAES 105:2000 Commonly Used Tractor Symbols PAES 105:2000 Commonly Used Tractor Symbols PAES 105:2000 Commonly Used Tractor Symbols PAES 105:2000 Than you for listening. Recommended Readings PAES 105:2000 - Symbols for Operator’s Controls and Other Displays PAES 109:2000 - Walking Type Agricultural Tractor - Pull Type PAES 110:2000 - Walking Type Agricultural Tractor - Rotary Tilling Type PAES 111:2000 - Walking Type Agricultural Tractor - Methods of Test PAES 118:2001 - Four Wheel Tractor – Specifications PAES 119:2001 - Four Wheel Tractor – Methods of Test PAES 124:2002 - Walking Type Agricultural Tractor - Float Assist Tiller PAES 139:2004 - Roll Over Protective Structure (ROPS) Assessment 1. Define what is tractor? (3 points) 2. Identify 2-wheel tractor according to its function, explain its function. (3 points) 3. Identify 4-wheel tractor according to horsepower rating of engine. (2 points) 4. Identify commonly used tractor symbols given below: (2 points)