Jose Rizal Biography PDF

Jose Rizal Full name: JOSE PROTACIO RIZAL MERCADO Y ALONSO REALONDA Birthdate: June 19, 1861 Place: Calamba, Laguna Death date: December 30, 1896. Death place: Bagumbayan Field in Manila**/**Rizal Park/ Luneta Park Rizal's Baptizers - Father Rufino Collantes (Baptist) - Father Pedro Casa...

Jose Rizal Full name: JOSE PROTACIO RIZAL MERCADO Y ALONSO REALONDA Birthdate: June 19, 1861 Place: Calamba, Laguna Death date: December 30, 1896. Death place: Bagumbayan Field in Manila**/**Rizal Park/ Luneta Park Rizal's Baptizers - Father Rufino Collantes (Baptist) - Father Pedro Casanas (Godfather/Ninong) Rizal's works 1. Noli Me Tangere: - Publish in Berlin, Germany. - March 21, 1887 2. El Filibusterimo - September 22, 1891 - Ghent, Belgium Rizal's Family Father: Francisco Mercado Mother: Teodora Alonso. Realonda Siblings: 1. Saturnina Rizal 2. Paciano Rizal 3. Narcisa Rizal 4. Olympia Rizal 5. Lucia Rizal 6. Maria Rizal 7. José Rizal 8. Concepcion Rizal 9. Josefa Rizal 10. Trinidad Rizal 11. Soledad Rizal Pet Dog: Usman Statue Usman maker: Rodney Diaz **The Rizal's: A good and middle-class family** - Built a large stone house and bought another one - Owned a carriage - Owned a private library - Sent children to colleges in Manila - Attended social and religious events/functions I. **Calamba, Laguna** - Rizal's home town belonged to the Dominican Order - South of Calamba is Mt. Makiling - East of Calamba is Laguna de bay - In memory of my town (Un Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo) A. Sketching B. Molding in clay C. Writing 1. Sa Aking Mga Kabata (To My Fellow Children) (controversial) 2. First Drama D. **Magic Tricks** 1. a coin appears or disappear in his fingers 2. making handkerchief vanish in thin air 3. manipulating marionettes **INFLUENCES ON RIZAL'S BOYHOOD** **Hereditary Influences** 1. MALAYAN ANCESTORS A. love for freedom B. innate desire to travel C. indomitable courage 2. CHINESE ANCESTORS A. Serious Nature B. Frugality C. Patience D. Love for children 3. SPANISH ANCESTORS A. Elegance of bearing B. Sensitivity C. Gallantry 1. Father - Sense of self-respect - Love for work - Habit of independent thinking 2. Mother - Religious nature - Spirit of self-sacrifice - Passion of arts and literature 3. Paciano Rizal - Love for freedom and justice 4. Sisters - Courtesy and kindness to woman 5. Tio Jose Alberto - Artistic ability 6. Tio Manuel - Develop his frail body by means of physical exercises **Aid of Divine Providence** 1. Versatile gifts of a genius 2. Vibrant spirit of nationalist 3. Valiant heart to sacrifice for a noble cause I. Hero's Teachers A. Teodora Alonzo -- taught Rizal the rudiments of alphabet and prayers B. Maestro Celestino (Private Tutor, Reading and writing in Calamba) C. Lucas Padua (Private tutor) D. Leon Monroy (Taught Rizal Spanish and Latin II. Binan Studies A. Teacher: Justiniano Aquino Cruz B. First School Fight: Pedro (Son of Justiniano Aquino Cruz) C. Best Student 1. Spanish 2. Latin 3. Other Subjects D. Painting with Old Juancho ATENEO MUNICIPAL DE MANILA (1865 name) A. Refusal of Administration - Registrar: Fr. Magin Ferrando - Late registration - Physical Health B. Jesuit of system of education 1. Class Sections Internos (Boarders)- Roman Empire Externos (non-boarder) (Rizal is an externo) -- Carthaginian Empire Class Ranking 1. Emperor 2. Tribune 3. Decurion 4. Centurion 5. Standard-Bearer C. Prophecy of Mother's Release D. Course: Bachelor of arts E. Famous Teachers 1. Fr. Jose Bech (1^st^ Professor in Ateneo) 2. Fr. Francisco De Paula (Favorite Teacher) UST (Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santisimo Rosario) A. Courses Taken 1. Philosophy and Letters 2. Medicine B. Rizal's reason for the courses 1. Father's choice 2. Uncertainty C. Unhappy days at UST (Inspiration of El Fili: Ang klase sa pisika) 1. Dominican Professor's hostility 2. Racial Discrimination 3. Methods of Teaching A. Obsolete B. Repressive Central University of Madriad (Unibersidad Central de Madrid) A. Course: Medicine Rizal's collection of books 1. Bible 2. Hebrew Grammar 3. Lives of the Presidents (Washington Johnson) 4. Complete works of Horace 5. Complete works of Christopher Bernard 6. History of the French Revolution 7. The Wandering Jew (Eugene Sue) 8. The Ancient Poetry 9. Works of Thucydides 10. The Byzantine Empir 11. The Chracters (La Bruyere) 12. The Renaiisance 13. Uncle Tom's Cabin (Harriet Beecher Stowe) (Inspiration of Noli Me Tangere) 14. Works of Alexander Dumas 15. Louis 14^th^ and his court Rizal's First Travel 1. Barcelona - Greatest city of Cataluña and Spain's second largest city 2. Madrid - Furthers studies in medicine; involvement in student demonstrations 3. France - Paris- to acquire more knowledge of opthamology - He worked as assistant Dr. Louis De Weckert's Clinic 4. Germany - Heidelberg -- worked at the University Eye Hospital under the direction of Dr. Otto Becker - where he also saw the "Forget me not flower" a.k.a Scorpion Grasses or Myosotis - Berlin- his objectives are: - To gain further knowledge in Ophthalmology - To further his studies of science and languages - To observe the economic and political conditions of the German nation - To associate with German Scientist Specifically, 1. Dr Feodor Jagon 2. Dr. Adolph B. Meyer 3. Dr. Hans Meye 4. Dr. Rudolph Virchow - To publish his novel "Noli Me Tangere" - Noli Me Tangere - March 21, 1887 - Berlin, Germany Rizal's Second Travel 1. Hongkong - Handed to China in 1996 - Colonized by Great Britain - A.k.a Fragrant Harbor - Has Portuguese - Many Portuguese, Hindus, English, Chinese and Jews live in it; Noisy celebration of Chinese New Year; noticed Hong Kong cemeteries (Protestant, Catholic, and Muslim) 2. Macao - Montecarlo of orient - Las Vegas of Asia - A Portuguese colony near Hong Kong was small, love, and gloomy with many junks, sampan, but few streamers 3. Japan - Clean & polite people - No Beggers - It was more expensive than Paris; the walls were built in cyclopean manner: the streets were large and wide 4. United states - Rizal was quarantined, they thought he was Chinese - Laws favored the white 5. London, England - To improve his knowledge of the English language; to study and annotate Morga's Sucesos delas Islas Filipinas (only available at the British Museum); London was a safe place for him to carry on his fight against Spanish tyranny 6. France - Participated in the Universal Exposition of 1889; experienced high cost of living and gay social life of the city 7. Belgium - Published more articles in La Solidaridad in Brussels; published "El Filibusterismo" in Ghent. 8. Madrid, Spain - Got justice for family thru Filipino colony, Asociacion Hispano-Filipina, Liberal Spanish Newspapers and Marcelo H. del Pilar Rizal's Love Life 1. Segunda Katigbak - Was his puppy love; his first love was engaged to be married to a town mate Manuel Luz 2. Leonor Valenzuela - a tall girl from Pagsanjan; love notes written in invisible ink, that could only be deciphered over the warmth of the lamp or candle 3. Leonor Rivera - "Taimis"; sweetheart for 11 years; married marry the Englishman Henry Kipping - 2^nd^ cousin of Rizal 4. Consuelo Ortiga y Rey - Daughter of Don Pablo Ortiga; He dedicated to her A la Senorita C.O. y R. His friend, Eduardo de Lete was madly in love with Consuelo. 5. O-Sei-San (Seiko Usui) - a Japanese samurai's daughter; She also helped Rizal improve his knowledge of Japanese language. 6. Gertrude Beckett - Gettie-Pettie romance, blue-eyed and buxom girl was the oldest of the three Beckett Gertrude Beckett daughters 7. Nelly Boustead (Protestant) - Aborted duel with Antonio Luna; Their love affair unfortunately did not end in marriage because Rizal refused to be converted to the Protestant faith. 8. Suzanne Jacoby - They fell deeply in love with each other. Suzanne cried when Rizal left Brussels and wrote him Suzanne Jacoby when he was in Madrid. 9. Josephine Bracken - "Dulce extranjera"; "The Dapitan Girl"; Josephine later gave birth prematurely to a stillborn baby (named Francisco). - Baby dead EXILE IN DAPITAN (1892-1896) REASONS OF RIZAL'S EXILE IN DAPITAN 1\. His writings (Noli Me Tangere & El Filibusterismo) 2\. Founding of La Liga Filipina 3\. "Involvement" in KKK activities 4\. Possession of anti-Friar leaflets (Pobres Frailes) RIZAL'S ROLES IN DAPITAN 1.Homebuilder A. Square House- dwelling place of him & relatives B. Octagonal House- dormitory of his male students C. Hexagonal House- for his chickens 2\. Physician A. Free me to Dapitan patients B. Operation on his mother's eye C. Local medicine & medicinal plants in curing patients 3\. Engineer A. System of waterworks B. light system- (coconut oil lamps in the dark streets) C. Beautification & remodeling of the town plaza D. Huge relief map of Minanadao (earth, stones, & grass) 4\. Teacher A. He had 16 pupils B. Without any tuition fees C. "Emperor"- best pupil D. Classes are from 2 -- 4 pm, Monday -- Saturday E. His favorite rendezvous was under a Talisay tree 5\. Writer A. "Hymn to Talisay" B. "My Retreat" C. "The Song of the Traveler" 6\. Scientist A. Rich collection of conchology with consisted of 346 shells representing 203 species. B. Anthropological, Ethnographical, Archaeological, Geological & Geographical Studies C. Discovered Specimen - Draco Rizali -- dragonfly - Apogonia Rizali- a small beetle - Rhacophorus Rizali- a rare frog 7.Linguist- 22 spoken and written languages: - Tagalog, Ilokano, Bisayan, Subanon, Spanish, Latin, Greek, English, French, German, Arabic, Malay, Hebrew, Sanskrit, Dutch, Catalan, Italian, Chinese, Japanese, Portuguese, Swedish & Russian 8\. Artist A. Paintings for the Sisters of Charity- in preparation for the sanctuary of Holy Virgil Mary B. "The Mother's Revenge"- a statuette representing the mother-dog killing the crocodile C. "Dapitan Girl"- a woodcarving of Josephine Bracken 9\. Farmer A. From 16 hectares to 70 hectares of land- where he built his home, school, hospital & farmland B. Introduction of agricultural methods to Dapitan C. Importation of agricultural machinery from the US 10\. Businessman A. Partnership with Ramon Carreon business ventures in fishing, copra & hemp industries B. Business opportunities for Saturnina & Manuel Hidalgo C. Founding of Cooperative Association of Dapitan Farmers 11.Inventor - "Sulpakan"- a lighter made of wood and its mechanism based on principle of compressed air. - Wooden Machine for Making Bricks could manufacture about 6,000 bricks daily. Rizal's Objection for Bloody Revolution - Pio Valenzuela informed Rizal about the revolution ADIOS DAPITAN - July 31, 1896 via Streamer Espana Rizal's Trial - His trial was an eloquent proof of Spanish injustice and misrule December 26, 1896(8:00 am) - the court martial of Rizal started in the military building called Cuartel de España SEVEN MEMBERS OF MILITARY COURT 1. Lt. Col. Jose Togores Arjona (PRESIDENT) 2.. Capt. Ricardo Muños Arias 3. Capt. Manuel Reguera. 4. Capt. Santiago Izquierdo. 5. Capt. Braulio Rodriguez Nuñez 6. Capt. Manuel Diaz Escribano 7. Capt. Fernando Perez Rodriguez OTHER PRESENT IN THE COURT ROOM 1. Jose Rizal (accused) 2. Luis Taviel de Andrade (defense counsel) 3. Capt. Rafael Dominguez (judge advocate) 4. Lt. Enrique de Alcocer (prosecuting attorney 5. Spectators (Josephine Bracken, a sister of Rizal, some newspapermen, and many Spaniards) RIZAL'S LAW SUIT 1. Rebellion 2. Sedition 3. Illegal association - December 28, 1896 - Gov. Camilo de Polavieja approved the decision of the court martial and ordered the execution of Rizal on December 30, 1896 at Bagumbayan Field (Luneta). MARTYRDOM AT BAGUMBAYAN After being court-martialed, Rizal returned to his cell in Fort Santiago to prepare his rendezvous with destiny. During his last 24 hours on earth -- from 6:00 A.M. of Dec. 29 to 6:00 A.M. of Dec. 30, 1896 -- he was busy meeting visitors which includes his family and friends. He was also able to write his last poem (Mi Ultimo Adios) -- his final contribution for the emancipation of the Filipino people December 30 at 3:00 A.M. -- Rizal hear Mass, confessed his sins and took Holy Communion. December 30 at 5:30 A.M. -- He took his last breakfast. After which he wrote his last letters for his family and his brother, Paciano. December 30 At about 6:30 A.M., a trumpet sounded at Fort Santiago, a signal to begin the death march to Bagumbayan. A Spanish military physician, Dr. Felipe Ruiz Castillo, asked his permission to feel his pulse. He was amazed to find it normal, showing that Jose Rizal was not afraid to die. The death ruffles of the drums filled the air. Above the drum beats, the sharp command "Fire" was heard, and the guns of the firing squad barked. Rizal, with supreme effort, turned his bullet-riddled body to the right, and fell on the ground dead -- with face upward facing the morning sun. It was exactly 7:03 in the morning -- aged 35 years, 5 months and 11 days. "CONSUMATUM EST" - Rizal's last words Paco Cemetery- Rizal's burial place Motto Stella (Guding Star)- Rizal's monument in Luneta created by Richard Kissling; completed in 1913 Nationalism- love of country