Social Control and the Relativity of Deviance PDF

 Social Control and the relativity of deviance Deviance is the benavior that breaks social norm...

 Social Control and the relativity of deviance Deviance is the benavior that breaks social norm , and arouses negative social reaction. Some behavior considered so harmful that laws ban Such behavior. Crime is behavior that violates these laws and is a common type of deviance that concern americans. Social Control refers to how Society tries to prevent and sanction behavior that violates norms. Informal Social is used to control benavior that violate informal norm. control formal Social Control is used to Control behavior that violates formal norms. Emile Durkheim Stated rules are ment to be broken and negative Social reaction aroused. - A given deviance might be considered acceptable in one society , but considered deviant in other. A behavior maybe deviance in one time but considered acceptable years later. - Emile Durkheim believed that deviance is normal part of society. EmilDurkheimstate,deviancereaconformityresocialbondingPositiveSocia changeaind of committing crimes and deviance. social disorganization the weakening of social bonds and conventional Social institutions in a com. Munity. Strain Theory Robert Merton views that deviance is caused by a failure to achieve the American goal of financial Success through the conventional means of working. Retreatism Some people give up when , they have low incomes and turn to alcohol , living in theStreets. Innovation Some people Combat economic Stress by Stealing or robbing forMoney. , Ritualism some people continue to work hard by hoping to make more money. , , Differential Opportunity is the theory of crime that seeks to explain people's Choice of Criminal activity. Deviant Subcultures frustration theory delinquency results from status school failure and need to regain self esteem by doing delinquency activities. Albert K Cohens Focal Concern Walter millers , Key value for lower Class Sub-culture · Leading to delinquency. Subculture of Violence is to promote violent response to insults , to prove their masculinity. usually people in the lower class adopt this behavior Marvin. Wolfgang Franco Ferracuti , Social Control Theory Travis , Hirschi views that deviance result in from weak bond to conventional Social Institutions , like family and schools. Attachment : How much we feel loyal to these institutions less likely to be deviant. , commitment : Refers to how much we value our participations like education etc more. commitment less deviance. Involvement The more time we spend in activities, the less time to be deviant. Belief the more we believe in norms, less deviance. Differential association theory people are deviant from watching others , be deviant. Labeling theory being labeled deviant increase chances of becoming actually deviant. (Akers) Measurement of Crime National incident based reportingSystem-fBI's regular complication of crime Statistics. Self-report Survey - A Survey given to individuals , that asks about the offenses they created. Conventional Crime Violent and property offenses including homicide rape... , , , Criminal Justice system negative formal Social Differential association theory Direct Social control community , , control custice - Edwin Sutherland Goals ofP unishment example resocilization getting even ↳Social learning theory. rehabilitation Retribution & Deterrance > Specific general incapacitation restoration Human product is a conduct of social learning theory. - · - , , , , , - Insanity defense less than 1 % Human nature is inherently neutral > Why do people commit deviant act/criminal acts - Deviant act - individual encounters a problematic Situations. Pravo Experiment - Individual accesses the Situation · Retroflexive reformation - individual Selects among the alternatives a deviant/criminal line of actions why ? individual has to have learned the Skills and techniques necessary in order to commit the deviant/ Criminal act. * Social Control theory Travis Hirshi · - individuals have to have learned definitions favorable to deviance in excess of definitionun- ↳ favorable Human nature is inherently anti-social/self-serving to deviance. - why do we conform? > - Conformity depends upon the degree to with our anti-social Imprises are controlled favorable - Techniques of Neutralization (Sykel + matzal social Appeal to higher loyalty resecting the resectors/condemming the condemer - - a - Denial of in jury - Denial of responsibility - Denial of victim I Strong social bond leads to conformity. - Weak/bond = devianc/crime &