Urbanization of America PowerPoint PDF

American History Send a public chat: 1. Do you currently live in the country, city, or a suburb? 2. Where do you WANT to live someday?  Daily Wellness Check If you turn on your camera, please make sure we say your name before turning it off to make sure we have time to mar...

American History Send a public chat: 1. Do you currently live in the country, city, or a suburb? 2. Where do you WANT to live someday?  Daily Wellness Check If you turn on your camera, please make sure we say your name before turning it off to make sure we have time to mark it for attendance :)  Today We Will… Explore the growth of urban areas in the United States Men Who Built America  Getting Started…. Warmup Poll: Have you ever been to an amusement park? Green check for YES Red X for NO  Urbanization Overview Urbanization – the movement of large groups of people from the countryside to cities Follows the gathering of three essential forces Technology Economics Population Watch the video What technologies contributed most to the urbanization of America?  Population and Urban Growth Between 1860-1900 – 25 to 76 million people count Shift from __________ cities ry to __________ Lower need for farmers and increased for factory workers 1850 – 15.3% population lived in cities By 1900 -40% population lived in cities 2 causes: railro 1. Expansion of ____________ made travel and migration easierads 2. Many factories were built next to rivers, lakes, and seaports for easy access to markets New Cities dedicated primarily to one industry: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania – steel production Youngstown, Ohio – steel production Dayton, Ohio – cash registers and machine tools Rochester, New York – Kodak Camera, men’s clothing, shoes, and boots  Influence on African Americans Reconstruc End of _____________ and the Jim Crow Laws tionmoved out of the south to the North and West Formers slaves 1870s about 25,000 moved Number would double each decade until it reached 750,000 in the 1920s segregatio Large cities in the North and West they still found _____________ Created ghettos n Most African Americans who worked the plantations were unskilled in operating the machines Learn a new skill Received lower pay than white workers Despair and racial tensions led to ________ in cities such as New York, riots Illinois Detroit, Tulsa, Los Angeles, and Springfield, Immigration Impact Early 1800s – little immigration to the U.S. Under 1 million people immigrated before 1840 Composition of the U.S. was largely: English, African, and German After 1840 – U.S. large influx of German and Irish Revolutio immigrants ns pota _______________ in what would be the unified Germany Due to a _________ famine in Ireland to After the Civil War Immigration patterns changed dramatically politic 1870s – immigrants fleeing ___________ al upheaval and unemployment Mexico, Norway, Sweden, Italy, Hungary, Poland, and China Late 1800s immigrants settled in enclaves in large cities Italians – Little Italy in New York, North End of Boston, and South Philadelphia Hungarians & Polish – Pittsburgh and Cleveland Watch the Big City politics became more Video systematic and calculated with the development of institutions Political Machines Rank & File Party Members – Party Boss – governed a city’s lived in the neighborhoods and major political party and supported the machine by voting influenced elected officials regularly and even donated money District captains – organized support for elections and made sure party loyalists got to the polls.  City Changes Skyscraper Sewer Watch the video Before 1860s Privies – buckets for collecting human waste Urbanizat Emptied into streets and into water sources _____________ created crowded cities Streets were covered in slime and horse manure ion Blood and other liquids from slaughtered animals Cities decided to build up not out would run into rivers and creeks Between 1870 to 1900 – engineers and Caused outbreaks of diseases such as ________ architects overcame many obstacles chole In 1864 Building at first had to have thick walls to Dr. Stephen Smith conducted 1st sanitary survey ra become taller, only 5-6 stories steel 1870s – use of iron and then __________ walls of NYC In 1868 could be supported by a metal skeleton ____________ planners decided to build a Less space and less heavy Newsystem of sewers coherent 30+ stories elevat 1852 – Elisha Otis developed the safety York would have over 6000 miles of sewer Eventually pipe ___________ or Buried more than 10 feet below clean water pipes Streetcars Since hors1832 – major cities had made use of ________-drawn rail cars e 1850s- 20,000 horsecars ran on 30,000 miles of track Streets went from gathering places to sites electri of mobility 1888 – Frank Sprague introduced the __________ c streetcar in Richmond, VA Powered by overhead electric lines By 1890 - 32,000 electric streetcars in the U.S. Led to designated work zones and living zones suburba Eventually made it possible and profitable to create n _____________ areas Enabled people to live further from where they worked Middle class office workers and managers moved into detached or semi-detached houses Neighborhoods with services such as bakeries and grocery stores developed along lines  Amusement Parks entertainme Form of ____________ and a get away from the city nt life Late 1800s – amusement parks were developed at the end of suburban streetcar lines Descendants of the carnival and perhaps the state or Coney county fair Island ______________in the southwest Brooklyn of New York City First rollercoaster 1884 – Gravity Switchback Railway Steeplechase Park Operated from 1897-1964 1st of the three original iconic large parks build on Coney Island Featured the Steeplechase Ride – riders straddled a horse- shaped single car and horse race  Closure Question 1. Define urbanization 2. What caused urbanization in the late 1800s?