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‫‪https://t.me/kabooltep‬‬ ‫➣ ‪T.me/Doctor_future1‬‬ ‫‪https://t.me/kiffahtep‬‬ ‫‪T.me/smartpeople11‬‬ ‫‪T.me/qabool_bot‬‬ ‫🔬 ‪T.me/mktbah2‬‬ ‫كتب‬ ‫️⬅ملخـصات‬ ‫️⬅اختـــبــارات‬ ‫️⬅نماذج ســابقــــة‬ ‫️⬅فيـديوهات تعليميـــــة‬ ‫️⬅شـروحات مهمه جــديـــدة‬ ‫⬅️اخبـار عاجـله للجـــــــامعـــــــات‬ ‫️⬅بــرامج و محاضرات التقـــــويـــــــة‬ ‫️⬅بالنشـــر ننشـر العـــلم للجميـع و لالستفاده‬ ‫‪t.me/joinchat/AAAAAFO8GzW8lHvmRZ9rhQ‬‬ ‫═══التاهيل════════ـالجامعيــــــ═════════‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪ /‬ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫إھﺪاء‬ ‫إﻟﻰ أﺳﺮﺗﻲ اﻟﻜﺒﯿﺮة و اﻟﺼﻐﯿﺮة ‪...‬‬ ‫إﻟﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻤﻨﻲ ﺣﺮﻓﺎ‪...‬‬ ‫أھﺪي ھﺬا اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪ /‬ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺎءت اﻷﻗﺪار إﻗﺤﺎﻣﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎل اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴﻠﻜﺖ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ دروﺑﮭﺎ ‪...‬ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻤﺎ وﻣﺪرﺳﺎ ﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫‪...‬ﺑﻌﺪ دراﺳﺔ أﺻﻮﻟﮭﺎ وﻧﻈﺮﯾﺎﺗﮭﺎ‪.‬وإذا ﺑﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﺎف‪ ،‬وﺑﻌﺪ ﺳﺒﻊ ﺳﻨﻮات ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﺒﺮة ﻓﻲ ھﺬا‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻘﻞ‪ ،‬أﺟﺪ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺴﻲ اﻟﺠﺮأة ﻋﻠﻰ وﺿﻊ ھﺬه اﻟﻤﺴﺎھﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻮاﺿﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮح أﺳﺲ ھﺬه اﻟﻤﺎدة‪،‬‬ ‫ووﺿﻊ اﻹرﺷﺎدات اﻟﺘﻲ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﻟﻠﺪارس ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﺎل اﻟﻄﺒﻲ‪ ،‬أو ﻟﻤﻦ ﯾﻤﺎرس ﺗﺪرﯾﺲ ھﺬه اﻟﻤﺎدة ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬ ‫أن ﯾﮭﺘﺪي ﺑﮭﺎ وﯾﺴﺘﻔﯿﺪ ﻣﻨﮭﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫واﷲ ﻣﻦ وراء اﻟﻘﺼﺪ وھﻮ اﻟﮭﺎدي إﻟﻰ ﺳﻮاء اﻟﺴﺒﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي اﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ اﻟﺴﻌﻮدﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﻮرة‬ ‫‪٢٠١١/١/٢٠‬م‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪ /‬ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ Contents ‫اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﯾﺎت‬ I. Introduction to Medical Terminology ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ‬ 1. Concepts of Medical Terminology ‫ﻣﻔﺎھﯿﻢ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ‬ 2. Prefixes  ‫اﻟﺴﻮاﺑﻖ‬ 3. Suffixes  ‫اﻟﻠﻮاﺣﻖ‬ 4. Combining Forms ‫اﻟﺼﯿﻎ اﻟﻤﺆﺗﻠﻔﺔ‬ 5. Cells, Tissues and Organs  ‫اﻟﺨﻼﯾﺎ و اﻷﻧﺴﺠﺔ و اﻷﻋﻀﺎء‬ 6. Body Structure ‫ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺐ اﻟﺠﺴﻢ‬ II. Disease and Treatment  ‫اﻟﻤﺮض و اﻟﻌﻼج‬ 7. Disease  ‫اﻟﻤﺮض‬ 8. Diagnosis and Treatment; Surgery  ‫اﻟﺘﺸﺨﯿﺺ و اﻟﻌﻼج؛ اﻟﺠﺮاﺣﺔ‬ 9. Drugs  ‫اﻷدوﯾﺔ‬ III. Body Systems  ‫أﺟﮭﺰة اﻟﺠﺴﻢ‬ 10. The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems  ‫ﺟﮭﺎز اﻟﻘﻠﺐ و اﻟﺠﮭﺎز‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻤﻔﺎوي‬ 11. Blood and Immunity  ‫اﻟﺪم و اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬ 12. The Respiratory System  ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺎزاﻟﺘﻨﻔﺴﻲ‬ 13. The Digestive System  ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺎزاﻟﮭﻀﻤﻲ‬ 14. The Urinary System  ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺎزاﻟﺒﻮﻟﻲ‬ 15. The Male Reproductive System  ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺎزاﻟﺘﻨﺎﺳﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﺬﻛﺮ‬ 16. The Female Reproductive System  ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺎزاﻟﺘﻨﺎﺳﻠﻲ ﻟﻸﻧﺜﻰ‬ 17. The Endocrine System  ‫ﺟﮭﺎز اﻟﻐﺪد اﻟﺼﻤﺎء‬ 18. The Nervous System ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺎز اﻟﻌﺼﺒﻲ‬ 19. The Senses ‫اﻟﺤﻮاس‬ 20. The Skeleton  ‫اﻟﮭﯿﻜﻞ اﻟﻌﻈﻤﻲ‬ 21. The Muscular System  ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺎز اﻟﻌﻀﻠﻲ‬ 22. The Skin  ‫اﻟﺠﻠﺪ‬ Appendixes ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻖ‬ 1. Abbreviations  ‫اﻹﺧﺘﺼﺎرات‬ 2. Symbols‫اﻟﺮﻣﻮز‬ 3. Specialties and specialists ‫اﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎت و اﻷﺧﺼﺎﺋﯿﻮن‬ 4 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ‪(I) Introduction to Medical Terminology‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺎھﯿﻢ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ‪1. Concepts of Medical Terminology‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ھﻲ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ؟ ‪What is Medical Terminology? ‬‬ ‫إن اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ھﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﺎت ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ﻣﺤﺘﺮﻓﻲ اﻟﺮﻋﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﯿﺔ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫أﻃﺒﺎء و ﻣﻤﺮﺿﯿﻦ و ﻏﯿﺮھﻢ و ذﻟﻚ ﻻﺗﺼﺎل ﻓﻌﺎل و دﻗﯿﻖ‪.‬ﻷﻧﮭﺎ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ أﺳﺎﺳﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﯿﻮﻧﺎﻧﯿﺔ و اﻟﻼﺗﯿﻨﯿﺔ ﻓﺈن اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ و ﻣﻮﺣﺪة ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ أﻧﺤﺎء‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺮدات اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ واﺳﻌﺔ و ﺗﻌﻠﻤﮭﺎ ﻗﺪ ﯾﺒﺪو و ﻛﺄﻧﮫ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻔﺮدات ﻟﻐﺔ أﺟﻨﺒﯿﺔ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪Why do we study Medical ‬‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎذا ﻧﺪرس اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ؟‬ ‫‪.I‬‬ ‫?‪Terms‬‬ ‫اھﻤﯿﺔ دراﺳﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ؟‬ ‫‪.١‬ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت و اﻹﺧﺘﺼﺎرات اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ و‬ ‫اﻟﺼﯿﺪﻟﯿﺔ وﻋﯿﺎدة اﻻﺳﻨﺎن‪.‬‬ ‫‪.٢‬ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻹﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﻄﻼﻗﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻮﻇﻔﻲ ﻓﺮﯾﻖ اﻟﺼﺤﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.٣‬اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ اﻻﺳﺎﺳﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ان ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ اﻟﻤﺮﯾﺾ ﻓﻲ ﻓﮭﻢ ﻃﻠﺒﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺐ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ اﻓﻀﻞ و ﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﻣﻠﻔﮫ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺻﺤﯿﺢ و ﺗﺸﺎرك ﺑﺎدراك ﻓﻲ ﺧﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﻔﺎﺋﮫ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ھﻲ ﻣﺠﺎﻻت ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ؟ ‪What are the fields of‬‬ ‫?‪Medical Terms applications‬‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫‪.١‬اﻷﻃﺒﺎء ‪Doctors‬‬ ‫‪.٢‬ﻓﺮﯾﻖ ﻃﺐ اﻻﺳﻨﺎن ‪Dental Team‬‬ ‫‪.٣‬ﻋﻠﻮم اﻟﺮﻋﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﯿﺔ ‪Healthcare Science‬‬ ‫‪.٤‬ﺗﻘﻨﯿﺔ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﺼﺤﺔ ‪Health Informatics‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪ /‬ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫‪.٥‬اﻟﺘﻤﺮﯾﺾ ‪Nursing‬‬ ‫‪.٦‬اﻟﻘِﺒﺎﻟﺔ‪Midwifery‬‬ ‫‪.٧‬ﻣﺤﺘﺮﻓﻮ اﻟﺮﻋﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة ‪Allied Health Professionals‬‬ ‫‪.٨‬ﻣﮭﻦ اﻹدارة اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ‪Medical management careers‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮاﻷﺳﺎﺳﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ‬ ‫‪Basic Elements of a medical word‬‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ ﻣﻦ أرﺑﻌﺔ أﺟﺰاء رﺋﯿﺴﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫‪.١‬اﻟﺠﺬر ‪Root‬‬ ‫وھﻮ أﺳﺎس اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ وھﻮ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ وﺿﻊ ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻣﻌﯿﻨﺔ ﻗﺒﻠﮭﺎ أو‪ /‬و ﺑﻌﺪھﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻜﻮﯾﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ذو ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﻣﻌﯿﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻤﯿﺰاﺗﮫ‪:‬‬ ‫* ھﻮ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ و اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ و اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫* ﯾﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺟﺰء ﺗﺸﺮﯾﺤﻲ أو ﻓﺴﯿﻮﻟﻮﺟﻲ ﻣﻦ أﺟﺰاء اﻟﺠﺴﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫* ﻗﺪ ﯾﺤﺘﻮي اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺬر‪.‬‬ ‫* ﯾﺮﺗﺒﻂ داﺋﻤﺎً ﺑﺤﺮف وﺻﻞ )‪ ( o, a,e,i,u‬ﻟﯿﻜﻮﻧﺎ ﺻﯿﻐﺔ ﻣﺆﺗﻠﻔﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫* ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ و اﻟﻼﺣﻘﺔ إﻟﻰ ﺟﺬر اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﯾﺘﺤﺪد اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ اﻟﻌﺎم ﻟﻠﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ‬ ‫‪.٢‬اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ‪Prefix‬‬ ‫وھﻮ اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺬي ﻧﻀﻌﮫ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ‪ ،‬أي ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺠﺬر وﻟﮫ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﻣﻌﯿﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻤﯿﺰاﺗﮭﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫* ﺗﻜﻮن داﺋﻤﺎً ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫* ﺗﻜﻮن ﻗﺼﯿﺮة اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻊ‪.‬‬ ‫* ﻟﮭﺎ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﺧﺎص‪.‬‬ ‫* ﻻ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺮف وﺻﻞ ﻟﺮﺑﻄﮭﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺬر‪.‬و ﺣﺮوف اﻟﻮﺻﻞ ھﻲ )‪.( o, a,e,i,u‬‬ ‫* ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗُﻀﺎف إﻟﻰ ﺟﺬر اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻓﺈﻧﮭﺎ ﺗُﻐﯿﱢﺮ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ اﻟﻌﺎم ﻟﻠﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً‪.‬‬ ‫* اﻟﺴﻮاﺑﻖ ﻋﺎدة ﺗُﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ رﻗﻢ‪ ،‬زﻣﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‪ ،‬اﺗﺠﺎه‪ ،‬ﻟﻮن‪ ،‬ﺣﺠﻢ ‪................‬اﻟﺦ‪.‬‬ ‫* ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ اﻟﺴﻮاﺑﻖ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻌﻠﻤﯿﺔ و اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻹﻧﺠﻠﯿﺰﯾﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪ /‬ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫‪.٣‬اﻟﻼﺣﻘﺔ ‪Suffix‬‬ ‫وھﻮ اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺬي ﯾﻘﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ‪ ،‬أي ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺠﺬر و ﻟﮫ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﻣﻌﯿﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻤﯿﺰاﺗﮭﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫* ﺗﻜﻮن داﺋﻤﺎً ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺠﺬر‪.‬‬ ‫* ﺗﻜﻮن ﻗﺼﯿﺮة اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻊ‪.‬‬ ‫* ﻟﮭﺎ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﺧﺎص‪.‬‬ ‫* ﻻ ﯾﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﺷﻜﻠﮭﺎ ﺑﺘﻐﯿﺮ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫* ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺮف وﺻﻞ ﻟﺮﺑﻄﮭﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺬر‪.‬‬ ‫‪.٤‬اﻟﺤﺮوف اﻟﺮاﺑﻄﺔ ‪Combining vowels‬‬ ‫وھﻲ اﻟﺤﺮوف اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺮﺑﻂ اﻟﻼﺣﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺬر أو ﺗﺮﺑﻂ اﻟﺠﺬر ﺑﺠﺬر آﺧﺮ؛ وھﻲ )‪ ( o, a,e,i,u‬و ﻋﺎدة‬ ‫ﯾﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺤﺮف )‪.(O‬‬ ‫* ﯾُﻀﺎف اﻟﺤﺮف اﻟﺮاﺑﻂ اﻟﻰ اﻟﺠﺬر ﻟﺘﻜﻮﯾﻦ ﺻﯿﻐﺔ ﻣﺆﺗﻠﻔﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫* إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻼﺣﻘﺔ ﺗﺒﺪأ ﺑﺤﺮف ﻣﺘﺤﺮك )‪ ، (a,e,i,o,u‬ﯾُﺤﺬف اﻟﺤﺮف اﻟﺮاﺑﻂ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻼﺣﻘﺔ و اﻟﺠﺬر‪.‬‬ ‫* ﻻ ﯾُﺤﺬف اﻟﺤﺮف اﻟﺮاﺑﻂ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﺬر و ﺟﺬر ﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﺣﺘﻰ إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﺠﺬر اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﯾﺒﺪأ ﺑﺤﺮف ﻋﻠﺔ؛ أي ان‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة ﺣﺬف اﻟﺤﺮف اﻟﺮاﺑﻂ ﺗﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ رﺑﻂ ﻻﺣﻘﺔ و ﺟﺬر و ﻟﯿﺲ ﺟﺬر و ﺟﺬر‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎذا ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺘﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ؟‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺘﺤﻠﯿﻞ أو ﺗﻔﻜﯿﻚ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻲ اﻷﺟﺰاء اﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺔ ﻟﮫ )ﺟﺬر‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻻﺣﻘﺔ( ﻣﻤﺎ ﯾﻘﻮد ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً‪.‬‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮق اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ أدﻧﺎه‪:‬‬ ‫‪1) Neurology‬‬ ‫‪a) Neuro/logy‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪ /‬ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ Part Kind Meaning Neuro combining form nerve logy suffix study of or b) Neur/o/logy Part Kind Meaning Neur root nerve o combining vowel No meaning logy suffix study of 2) Gastroenteritis a) Gastro/enter/it is Part Kind Meaning Gastro combining form stomach enter root intestines itis suffix inflammation 8 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ or b) Gastr/o/enter/itis Part Kind Meaning Gastr root stomach o combining vowel no meaning enter root intestines itis suffix inflammation :‫دﻟﯿﻞ ﻟﻔﻆ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ ان اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻟﻔﻈﮭﺎ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻹﻧﺠﻠﯿﺰﯾﺔ إﻻ اﻧﮭﺎ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮن ﺻﻌﺒﺔ‬ :‫ و ھﺬه ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻔﻆ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ‬،‫اﻟﻠﻔﻆ و ﺧﺎﺻﺔ إذا رآھﺎ اﻟﺪارس ﻷول ﻣﺮة‬ (g) ‫( و اﻟﺤﺮف‬c)‫ﻟﻔﻆ اﻟﺤﺮف‬ Letters Explanation Examples c,g They are given the soft Cerebral, gel, gingitivitis sound before (e, i , y) c, g They have the hard Cardic, gastric sound before the other letters 9 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﻆ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﮭﺎ اﺗﺤﺎد اﻟﺤﺮوف اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗُﻨﻄﻖ ﻛﻤﺎ ھﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﺪول أدﻧﺎه‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -‬اﻟﺤﺮف اﻻول ﻻ ﯾُﻨْﻄَﻖ ‪-‬‬ ‫‪Letters combination‬‬ ‫‪Sound Examples‬‬ ‫‪Pronunciation‬‬ ‫‪pt‬‬ ‫‪t‬‬ ‫‪pterygoid‬‬ ‫‪ps‬‬ ‫‪s‬‬ ‫‪psorias‬‬ ‫‪pn‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫‪pneometer‬‬ ‫‪gn‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫‪gnathitis‬‬ ‫‪mn‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫‪mnemonic‬‬ ‫إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﺗﻨﺘﮭﻲ ﺑﺤﺮف ﻣﺘﺤﺮك و ﺗﻤﺖ اﺿﺎﻓﺘﮭﺎ إﻟﻰ ﺟﺬر ﯾﺒﺪأ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺮوف ) ‪,pt‬‬ ‫‪ (gn‬ﻓﻔﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﯾُﻨﻄﻖ اﻟﺤﺮف اﻻول ﻣﻊ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ أدﻧﺎه‪:‬‬ ‫‪ًWord‬‬ ‫‪Pronunciation‬‬ ‫‪hemoptysis‬‬ ‫‪prognathism‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪ /‬ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﮭﺎ اﺗﺤﺎد اﻟﺤﺮﻓﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻛﯿﻦ) ‪ (oe, ae‬ﺗﻨﻄﻖ )‪ (ee‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ًWord‬‬ ‫‪Pronunciation‬‬ ‫‪haema‬‬ ‫‪he'mah‬‬ ‫‪rugae‬‬ ‫‪coelum‬‬ ‫‪septicaemia‬‬ ‫‪caecum‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت اﻷُﺧﺮى اﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﮭﺎ اﺗﺤﺎد اﻟﺤﺮوف اﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗُﻨﻄﻖ ﻛﻤﺎ ھﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪول أدﻧﺎه‪:‬‬ ‫‪Letters combination‬‬ ‫‪Sound Examples‬‬ ‫‪Pronunciation‬‬ ‫‪ph‬‬ ‫‪f‬‬ ‫‪phrenoplegia‬‬ ‫‪rh‬‬ ‫‪r‬‬ ‫‪rhytidosis‬‬ ‫‪ch‬‬ ‫‪k‬‬ ‫‪cochlea‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪z‬‬ ‫‪xanthic‬‬ ‫‪dys‬‬ ‫‪dis‬‬ ‫‪dysphagia‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪ /‬ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﯿﻔﯿﺔ ﺻﯿﺎﻏﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ‬ :‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﯿﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﻮﯾﻞ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﺮد إﻟﻰ ﺟﻤﻊ‬ :‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ Singular Plural us  i nucleus nuclei bronchus bronchi alveolus alveoli is  es analysis analyses basis bases diagnosis diagnoses is  es analysis analyses basis bases diagnosis diagnoses ix/ex/ax  ices appendix appendices cortex cortices thorax thoraces um  a 12 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ bacterium bacteria ovum ova ileum ilea a  ae antenna antennae vertebra vertebrae nebula nebulae nx/anx/ynx  nges larynx larnges phalanx phalanges ma  mata diastema diastemata sarcoma sarcomata stigma stigmata :‫ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ‬ ‫* ﯾُُﻘﺴﱠﻢ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ اﻟﻰ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮه اﻻﺳﺎﺳﯿﺔ‬ ‫* ﻧﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ اﻟﻼﺣﻘﺔ ﺛﻢ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ اﻟﺠﺰء اﻷول ﺛﻢ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ اﻟﺠﺰء اﻷوﺳﻂ‬ ‫ ﺗﺘﻢ ﻗﺮاءة ﻣﻌﻨﻰ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻼﺣﻘﺔ ﺛﻢ اﻟﺠﺰء اﻷول ﺛﻢ اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎل إﻟﻰ‬،‫* ﻟﻜﻲ ﯾﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬.‫اﻟﺠﺰء اﻷوﺳﻂ‬ First part Middle Suffix gastr /o enter - itis stomach intestine inflammation 13 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت‪:‬‬ ‫* ﻟﯿﺲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻀﺮوري أن ﯾﺘﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ اﻷﺟﺰاء‪ ،‬ﻓﺄھﻢ ﺟﺰء ھﻮ اﻟﺠﺬر و أﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻘﯿﺔ ﻓﻘﺪ ﯾﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﻨﮭﺎ أو ﺟﻤﯿﻌﮭﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫* اﻟﻔﺮق ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﺠﺬر و اﻟﺼﯿﻐﺔ اﻟﻤﺆﺗﻠﻔﺔ ھﻮ اﻟﺤﺮف اﻟﺮاﺑﻂ ﻓﻘﻂ و ﻟﯿﺲ ھﻨﺎك ﻓﺮق ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ‪.‬‬ ‫* أﺣﯿﺎﻧﺎً ﺗﻜﻮن ھﻨﺎﻟﻚ ﻣﺘﺮادﻓﺎت ﻟﻨﻔﺲ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ أو اﻟﺠﺬر و ھﺬا ﯾﻌﻮد إﻟﻰ أن اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻐﺘﯿﻦ ھﻤﺎ اﻟﻼﺗﯿﻨﯿﺔ و اﻹﻏﺮﯾﻘﯿﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫* إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻼﺣﻘﺔ ﺗﺒﺪأ ﺑـ )‪ (rh‬و ﺗﻢ اﻟﺤﺎﻗﮭﺎ ﺑﺠﺬر‪ ،‬ﯾﻜﺮر اﻟﺤﺮف ‪: - r-‬‬ ‫‪Root‬‬ ‫‪Suffix‬‬ ‫‪Term‬‬ ‫‪hem/o ‬‬ ‫‪-rhage‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪hemorrhage‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬ ‫‪men/o ‬‬ ‫‪-rhea‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪menorrhea‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬ ‫* إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺗﻨﺘﮭﻲ ﺑﺤﺮف )‪ (x‬و ﺗﻢ اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻻﺣﻘﺔ إﻟﯿﮭﺎ‪ ،‬ﯾﻘﻠﺐ اﻟﺤﺮف )‪ (x‬إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف )‪ (g‬أو ﺣﺮف )‪.(c‬‬ ‫‪Root‬‬ ‫‪Suffix‬‬ ‫‪Term‬‬ ‫‪coccyx‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪-eal‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪Coccygeal‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬ ‫‪thorax‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪-tomy‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪Thoracotomy‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪ /‬ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ُ‫( اﻟﺴﱠﻮَاﺑِﻖ‬2) Prefixes Prefix Meaning ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ a -, an -,ana- not, without ‫ﺑﺪون‬ an-, ana- up ‫ﺻﻌﻮد‬ ab - away from ‫ ﺑﻌﯿﺪا ﻋﻦ‬،‫ﺑﻌﯿﺪا‬ ad - toward ‫ﻧﺤﻮ‬ al - like, similar ‫ﻣﺘﺸﺎﺑﮫ‬ alb- white ‫أﺑﯿﺾ‬ allo- other ‫ ﻣُﻐﺎﯾﺮ‬،‫آﺧﺮ‬ ampho- double, on both sides ‫ﻣﺰدوج‬ ante - before ‫ أﻣﺎم‬،‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ anti - against ‫ﻣﻀﺎد‬ ap- off, away from ‫اﻧﻔﺼﺎل‬ aud-, aur - ear, hearing ‫ ﺳﻤْﻊ‬،‫أذن‬ auto- self ‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬،‫ذات‬ bar- weight ‫وزن‬ bi - both, two ‫اﺛﻨﺎن‬،‫ﻛﻼ‬ bio- live ّ‫ﺣﻲ‬ brady - slow ‫ﺑﻄﺊ‬ brachy- short ‫ﻗﺼﯿﺮ‬ caco- bad ‫ﺳﯿﺊ‬ cata- down, downward ‫ ﻧﺎزل‬،‫ﻣﻨﺨﻔﺾ‬ chloro- green ‫أﺧﻀﺮ‬ 15 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ circum- around ‫ﺣﻮل‬ con- together ‫ﻣﺸﺘﺮك‬ contra - against ‫ﻣﻀﺎد‬ counter- opposite, against ‫ﺿﺪ‬ crypto- hidden ‫ﻣﺨﻔﻲ‬ cyan- blue ‫أزرق‬ de- down, away ‫ ﺑﻌﯿﺪ‬،‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ deci- ten ‫ﻋﺸﺮة‬ dia- through ‫ﺧﻼل‬ diplo- double ‫ﻣﺘﻀﺎﻋﻒ‬ di- two ‫اﺛﻨﺎن‬ dis- away from ‫اﻧﻔﺼﺎل‬ dors - back ‫اﻟﻈَﮭﺮ‬ dys- difficult, bad ‫ ﺳﯿﺊ‬،‫ﺻﻌﺐ‬ ecto- outside ‫ﺧﺎرج‬ endo- within ‫ ﺑﺎﻃﻦ‬،‫داﺧﻞ‬ epi- upon ‫ﻓﻮق‬ eryth- red ‫أﺣﻤﺮ‬ eso- inside ‫داﺧﻞ‬ eu- well, easy ‫ ﺳﮭﻞ‬،ّ‫ﺳَﻮِي‬ ex- out, away from, outside ‫ ﺑﻌﯿﺪاً ﻋﻦ‬،‫ﺧﺎرج‬ extra- outside, beyond ‫ ﻇﺎھﺮ‬،‫ﺧﺎرج‬ glauc- gray, silver ‫ أﺷﯿﺐ‬،‫رﻣﺎدي‬ gyne - woman ‫اﻣﺮأة‬،‫أﻧﺜﻰ‬ 16 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ helic- twisted ‫ﻣُﻠْﺘﻮي‬ hemi - half ‫ﻧﺼﻒ‬ heter- different ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ holo- whole ‫ﻛﻞ‬ homeo- likeness ‫ﺗﻤﺎﺛُﻞ‬ homo- same ‫ﻣﺜْﻠﻲ‬ hydr- water ‫ﻣﺎء‬ hyper - excessive ‫ زاﺋﺪ‬،‫ﻣﺮﺗﻔﻊ‬ hypo - deficient ‫ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‬،‫ﻣﻨﺨﻔﺾ‬ idio- private ‫ذاﺗﻲ‬ im- not ‫ ﻏﯿﺮ‬، ‫ﻻ‬ in- not ‫ ﻏﯿﺮ‬، ‫ﻻ‬ infra- beneath, below, under ‫ أﺳﻔﻞ‬،‫ دون‬،‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ inter - between ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ intra - inside ‫داﺧﻞ‬ ipsi- same ‫ﻣﺘﺸﺎﺑﮫ‬ iso- equal ‫ﻣﺘﺴﺎوي‬ jaundo- yellow ‫أﺻﻔﺮ‬ juxta- near, beside ‫ ﻣﺠﺎورة‬،‫ﻗﺮب‬ leuk- white ‫أﺑﯿﺾ‬ lipo- fat ‫ﺷﺤﻢ‬ lyo- dissolving ‫ذوﺑﺎن‬ macro - large ‫ﺿﺨﻢ‬ mal- bad, poor ‫ ﻓﻘﯿﺮ‬،‫ﺳﯿﺊ‬ 17 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ mega- great ‫ﺿﺨﻢ‬ melan- black ‫أﺳﻮد‬ meso - middle ‫وﺳﻂ‬ meta- change, after ‫ ﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬،‫ﺗﺒﺎدل‬ micro - small ‫ﺻﻐﯿﺮ‬ milli- one-thousandth ‫ﻣِﯿﻠﻲ‬ mis- badly, wrongly ‫ ﻏﻠﻂ‬،‫ﺳﻮء‬ mono - one, single ‫وﺣﯿﺪ‬ multi- many ‫ ﻛﺜﯿﺮ‬،‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪد‬ neo- new ‫ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ‬،‫ﺟﺪﯾﺪ‬ nulli- none ‫ ﻋﺪﯾﻢ‬/ ‫ﻋﺪم‬ olig- little, few ‫ﻗﻠﯿﻞ‬ omni- all ‫ﻛﻞ‬ oo- egg ‫ﺑﯿﻀﺔ‬ opisth- behind ‫ﺧَﻠْﻒ‬ ortho- straight ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ‬ oxy- oxygen ‫أُﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ‬ pachy- thick ‫ﺳﻤﯿﻚ‬ paleo- ancient ‫ﻗﺪﯾﻢ‬ palin- again ‫ﻣُﻜﺮر‬ pan - all ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬ para - beside ,near ‫ ﻣﺠﺎورة‬،‫إﺣﺎﻃﺔ‬ peri - around, near ‫ ﻣﺠﺎورة‬،‫إﺣﺎﻃﺔ‬ polio- gray ‫رﻣﺎدي‬ 18 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ poly - many ‫ﻣُﺘﻌﺪد‬ post - behind ‫ ﺧﻠﻒ‬،‫ﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬ pre - before ‫ أﻣﺎم‬،‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ primi- first ‫أوْﻟﻲ‬ pro - forward, in front of, before ‫ أﻣﺎم‬،‫ﻣُﻘﺪﱠم‬ proto- first ‫أوْﻟﻲ‬ pseudo- false ‫ﻛﺎذب‬ purpuro- purple ‫أُرﺟﻮاﻧﻲ‬ quardi- four ‫أرﺑﻌﺔ‬ re- again ‫ ﺗﻜﺮار‬،‫اﻋﺎدة‬ retro - backward, behind ‫ﺧﻠﻒ‬ semi- half ‫ﻧﺼﻒ‬ sub - below ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ super - above ‫ ﻓﻮق‬،‫ﻓﺮط‬ supra - above ‫ﻓﻮق‬ sym- together ‫ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺤﻮ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬،ً‫ﻣﻌﺎ‬ syn- together ‫ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺤﻮ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬،ً‫ﻣﻌﺎ‬ tachy - rapid ‫ﺳﺮﯾﻊ‬ tele- distant ‫ﺑﻌﯿﺪ‬ tetra- four ‫أرﺑﻌﺔ‬ thele- nipple ‫ﺣﻠﻤﺔ اﻟﺜﺪي‬ therm- heat ‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ trans - across ‫ﻋﺒﺮ‬ tri- three ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ 19 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫‪ultra-‬‬ ‫‪above‬‬ ‫ﻓﻮق‬ ‫‪uni-‬‬ ‫‪one‬‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫‪xeno-‬‬ ‫‪strange, foreign matter‬‬ ‫ﻏﺮﯾﺐ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎدة ﻏﺮﯾﺒﺔ‬ ‫‪xero-‬‬ ‫‪dry‬‬ ‫ﺟﺎف‬ ‫‪xanth-‬‬ ‫‪yellow‬‬ ‫أﺻﻔﺮ‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪ /‬ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ (3) Suffixes ُ‫اﻟﻠﱠﻮَاﺣِﻖ‬ Suffix Meaning ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ -al pertaining to...‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ب‬ -algia pain ‫أﻟﻢ‬ -ar pertaining to...‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ب‬ -ary pertaining to...‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ب‬ -ase enzyme ‫اﻧﺰﯾﻢ‬ -atresia absence of a normal body opening ‫رﺗﻖ‬ -blast immature cell ‫ﺧﻠﯿﺔ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻧﺎﺿﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮى ﺛﺎﻧﻲ أﻛﺴﯿﺪ‬ -capnia level of carbon dioxide ‫اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن‬ -cele hernia ‫ﻓﺘﻖ‬ -centesis puncture ‫ ﺑﺰل‬،‫ﺛﻘﺐ‬ -clasis,-clasia breaking ‫ﻛﺴﺮ‬ -coele hollow ‫ ﻣُﺠﻮﱠف‬،‫ﺗﺠﻮﯾﻒ‬ -crine secrete within ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬/‫ﯾﻔﺮز داﺧﻞ‬ -cyte cell ‫ﺧﻠﯿﺔ‬ -dema swelling (fluid) (‫ ﺗﻮرم )ﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬،‫اﻧﺘﻔﺎخ‬ -derma skin ‫ﺟﻠﺪ‬ -desis surgical fixation ‫ﺗﺜﺒﯿﺖ ﺟﺮاﺣﻲ‬ -drome run; running ‫ رﻛﺾ‬،‫ﺟﺮي‬ -duct opening ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬ -dynia pain ‫أﻟﻢ‬ 21 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ -eal pertaining to...‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ب‬ -ectasia, -ectasis dilation ‫ﺗﻮﺳُﻊ‬ -ectomy surgical removal ‫ازاﻟﺔ ﺟﺮاﺣﯿﺔ‬ -ectopia displacement ‫إزاﺣﺔ‬ -edema accumulation of fluid, swelling ‫ ﺗﻮرم‬،‫ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ اﻟﺴﻮاﺋﻞ‬ -emesis vomiting ‫ﻗﻲء‬ -emia blood condition ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺪم‬ -er one who ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ -esthesia sensation ‫إﺣﺴﺎس‬ -geusia sense of taste ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺔ اﻟﺬوق‬ -gram record or picture ‫ ﺻﻮرة‬،‫ﺗﺨﻄﯿﻂ‬ -graph an instrument used to record ‫أداة ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻮﯾﺮ‬ -graphy process of recording ‫ﻃﺮﯾﻘﺔ ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ‬ -gravida pregnancy ‫ﺣﻤْﻞ‬ -hemia blood condition ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺪم‬ -ia condition of ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ -ian specialist in a field of study.... ‫أﺧﺼﺎﺋﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻘﻞ‬ Relating to medicine, physician or ‫ اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺐ أو‬،‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺐ‬ -iatrics medical treatment ‫اﻟﻌﻼج اﻟﻄﺒﻲ‬ -ic related to, pertaining to........‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ب‬ -ical pertaining to...‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ب‬ -ician specialist in a field of study.... ‫أﺧﺼﺎﺋﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻘﻞ‬ -ile pertaining to...‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ب‬ -ism condition ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ -ist practitioner ‫ﻣﻤﺎرس‬ 22 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ -itis inflammation ‫اﻟﺘﮭﺎب‬ -iatry medical treatment, medical profession ‫اﺧﺘﺼﺎص ﻃﺒﻲ‬ -iatrist one who treats, a physician ‫اﻟﺸﺨﺺ اﻟﺬي ﯾﻌﺎﻟﺞ‬ -lalia speech, babble ‫ ﺛﺮﺛﺮة‬،‫ﻛﻼم‬ -lepsy seizure ‫ﻧﻮﺑﺔ‬ -lexia reading ‫ﻗﺮاءة‬ -logy Study of ‫ ﻋﻠﻢ‬،‫دراﺳﺔ‬ -logist one who specializes in the study of.....‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻓﻲ دراﺳﺔ‬ -lysis loosening, dissolving ّ‫ ﺣﻞ‬،‫اﻧﺤﻼل‬ -malacia softening ‫ﺗﻠﯿﱡﻦ‬ -mania madness; insane desire ‫ﺟﻨﻮن‬ -megaly enlargement ‫ﺗﻀﺨُﻢ‬ -meter an instrument used to measure ‫أداة ﻗﯿﺎس‬ -metry the process of measuring ‫ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﻘﯿﺎس‬ -mimetic mimicking, simulating ‫ ﻣﺤﺎﻛﺎة‬،‫ﺗﻘﻠﯿﺪ‬ -morph form; shape ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬ -necrosis death, the stage of dying ‫ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮت‬،‫ﻣﻮت‬ -odia smell ‫راﺋﺤﺔ‬ -odynia pain ‫أﻟﻢ‬ -oid resembling ‫ﺷﺒﯿﮫ‬ -ole small , little ‫ﺻﻐﯿﺮ‬ -logy study of ‫ ﻋﻠﻢ‬،‫دراﺳﺔ‬ -lysis destruction, detachment ‫ اﻧﻔﺼﺎل‬،‫ﺗﻠﻒ‬ -lytic dissolving, loosening ‫ﺗﻔﻜﻚ‬،‫ﺣﻞ‬ 23 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ -oma tumor ‫ورم‬ -opia vision (condition) ‫رؤﯾﺔ‬ -ory pertaining to...‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ب‬ -ose sugar ‫ﺳُﻜَﺮ‬ -osis disease, condition ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ -osmia sense of smell ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺔ اﻟﺸﻢ‬ -ous pertaining to...‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ب‬ -oxia level of oxygen ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻷُُﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ‬ -paresis partial paralysis ‫ﺷﻠﻞ ﺟﺰﺋﻲ‬ -pathy disease ‫ﻣﺮض‬ -penia decrease in, deficiency of ‫ﻧﻘﺺ‬ -pexy surgical fixation (tissue) ‫ﺗﺜﺒﯿﺖ ﺟﺮاﺣﻲ‬ -phagia swallow ‫ﺑﻠﻊ‬ -phasia speech disorder ‫اﺿﻄﺮاب ﻧﻄﻖ‬ -philia love ‫ﺣُﺐ‬ -phobia fear ‫ﺧﻮف‬ -phonia sound, voice ‫ﺻﻮت‬ -phrenia mental disorder ‫ﻣﺮض ﻋﻘﻠﻲ‬ -physis growth(physical) ‫ﻧﻤﻮ‬ -plasm growth; substance; formation ‫ﻧﻤﻮ‬ -plasty surgical repair ‫ إﺻﻼح ﺟﺮاﺣﻲ‬،‫ﺗﻘﻮﯾﻢ‬ -plegia paralysis ‫ﺷﻠﻞ‬ -poiesis formation, production ‫ﺗﻜﻮﯾﻦ‬ -pnea breathing ‫ﺗﻨ ُﻔﺲ‬ 24 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ -ptosis dropping down ‫ ھﺒﻮط‬،‫ﺳﻘﻮط‬ -ptysis spitting ‫ﺑﺼﻖ‬ -rhage,- rhagia hemorrhage ‫ﻧﺰف‬ -rhaphy suturing, stitching ‫ﺧﯿﺎﻃﺔ‬ -rhea flowing ‫اﻧﺴﯿﺎب‬ -rhexis rupture ‫ﺗﻤﺰُق‬ -sarcoma tumor, cancer ‫ ﺳﺮﻃﺎن‬،‫ورم‬ -schisis split; fissure ‫ ﺷﻖ‬،‫ﺷﻄﺮ‬ -sclerosis hardening ‫ﺗﺼﻠﱠﺐ‬ -scope an instrument used to view ‫ﻣﻨﻈﺎر‬ -scopy the process of viewing with a scope ‫ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ ﻣﻨﻈﺎر‬ -sepsis infection ‫ﻋﺪوى‬ -spasm contraction ‫ﺗﺸﻨﱡﺞ‬ -sis condition of ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ -stasis stoppage ‫ﺗﻮﻗﱡﻒ‬ -stenosis constriction; narrowing ‫ﺗﻀﯿﱡﻖ‬ -stomy the surgical creation of a new opening ‫ﻓﺘﺢ ﺟﺮاﺣﻲ‬ -tion condition ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ -tome instrument for incising (cutting) ‫آﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻊ‬ -tomy incision ‫ﻓﺼﺪ‬ -tripsy crushing ‫ھﺮس‬ -trophy nourishment ‫ﻏﺬاء‬ -tropic acting on ً‫ﯾﺤﺪث أﺛﺮا‬ -ula small , little ‫ﺻﻐﯿﺮ‬ 25 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫‪-ule‬‬ ‫‪small one‬‬ ‫ﺷﻲء ﺻﻐﯿﺮ‬ ‫‪-uria‬‬ ‫‪urine‬‬ ‫ﺑﻮل‬ ‫‪-y‬‬ ‫‪condition of‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪26‬‬ ‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪ /‬ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ (4) Combining Forms ُ‫اﻟﺼﱢﯿَﻎُ اﻟﻤُﺆْﺗَﻠِﻔَﺔ‬ Combining Form Meaning ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ acr/o extremity, end ‫ﻃﺮف‬ aden/o gland ‫ﻏﺪة‬ adip/o fat ‫دھﻦ‬ adren/o adrenal gland ‫ﻏﺪة ﻛﻈﺮﯾﺔ‬ adrenocortic/o adrenal cortex ‫ﻗﺸﺮة ﻛﻈﺮﯾﺔ‬ aer/o air, gas ‫ﻏﺎز‬،‫ھﻮاء‬ alg/o, algi/o, algesi/o pain ‫أﻟﻢ‬ amni/o amnion, amniotic sac ‫ اﻟﻜﯿﺲ اﻟﺴﻠﻮي‬،‫اﻟﺴﻠﻰ‬ amyl/o starch ‫ﻧﺸﺎء‬ angi/o blood vessel ‫وﻋﺎء‬ an/o anus ‫ﺷﺮج‬ aort/o aorta ‫اﻟﺸﺮﯾﺎن اﻷﺑﮭﺮ‬ arteri/o artery ‫ﺷﺮﯾﺎن‬ arteriol/o arteriole (‫ﺷُﺮﯾﻦ )ﺷﺮﯾﺎن ﺻﻐﯿﺮ‬ arthr/o joint ‫ﻣِﻔْﺼﻞ‬ bacill/i, bacill/o bacillus ‫اﻟﻌﺼﻮي‬ balan/o penis ‫ﻗﻀﯿﺐ‬ bar/o pressure ‫ﺿﻐﻂ‬ bili bile ‫اﻟﺼﻔﺮاء‬ blast/o immature cell, productive cell, ‫ اﻟﺨﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﻤُﻨْﺘِﺠﺔ‬،‫اﻟﺨﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﻐﯿﺮ ﻧﺎﺿﺠﺔ‬ 27 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ embryonic cell ‫اﻟﺨﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﻀﻐﯿﺔ‬ blephar/o eyelid ‫ﺟﻔﻦ‬ brachi/o arm ‫اﻟﺬراع‬ bronch/o bronchus (windpipe) ‫ﺷﻌﺒﺔ ھﻮاﺋﯿﺔ‬ bucc/o cheek ‫ﺧﺪ‬ burs/o bursa ‫اﻟﺠﺮاب اﻟﻮزي‬ calc/i calcium (symbol Ca) ‫اﻟﻜﺎﻟﺴﯿﻮم‬ cali-, calic- calyx ‫ﻛﺄس‬ capit/o head ‫رأس‬ cardi/o heart ‫ﻗﻠﺐ‬ carp/o wrist ‫رﺳﻎ‬ cec/o cecum ‫اﻷﻋﻮر‬ celi/o abdomen ‫اﻟﺒﻄﻦ‬ cephal/o head ‫رأس‬ cerebell/o cerebellurn ‫ﻣﺨﯿﺦ‬ cerebr/o cerebrum ‫ﻣﺦ‬ cervic/o neck, cervix ‫ ﻋﻨﻖ اﻟﺮﺣﻢ‬،‫ﻋﻨﻖ‬ chem/o chemical ‫ﻛﯿﻤﯿﺎﺋﻲ‬ cheil/o lip ‫ﺷﻔﺔ‬ chol/e, chol/o bile, gall ‫ﺻﻔﺮاء‬ cholangi/o bile duct ‫اﻟﻘﻨﺎة اﻟﺼﻔﺮاوﯾﺔ‬ cholecyst/o gallbladder ‫اﻟﻤﺮارة‬ choledoch/o common bile duct ‫اﻟﻘﻨﺎة اﻟﺼﻔﺮاوﯾﺔ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ‬ chondr/o cartilage ‫ﻏﻀﺮوف‬ 28 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ chord/o cord or string (vocal cord) ‫ﺣﺒﻞ‬ chori/o, choroid/o choroid ‫اﻟﻤﺸﯿﻤﯿﺔ‬ chrom/o, chromat/o color, stain ‫ﻟﻮن‬ chron/o time ‫زﻣﻦ‬ cilia hair ‫ﺷَﻌﺮ‬ cleid/o collarbone ‫ﺗﺮﻗﻮة‬ clitor/o, clitorid/o clitoris ‫اﻟﺒﻈﺮ‬ coccyg/o coccyx ‫ﻋُﺼْﻌُﺺ‬ cochle/o cochlea of inner ear ‫ﻗﻮﻗﻌﺔ اﻷذن اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﯿﺔ‬ col/o, colon/o colon ‫اﻟﻘﻮﻟﻮن‬ colp/o vagina ‫ﻣﮭﺒﻞ‬ cord/o vocal cord ‫ﺣﺒﻞ ﺻﻮﺗﻲ‬ corne/o cornea ‫اﻟﻘﺮﻧﯿﺔ‬ cortic/o cerebral cortex, outer portion ‫ﻗﺸﺮة اﻟﻤﺦ‬ cost/o rib ‫ﺿﻠﻊ‬ coxa hip ‫ورك‬ crani/o head ‫ﺟُﻤﺠﻤﺔ‬ cry/o cold ‫ﺑﺮد‬ cycl/o ciliary body, ciliary muscle ‫ اﻟﻌﻀﻠﺔ اﻟﮭﺪﺑﯿﺔ‬،‫اﻟﺠﺴﻢ اﻟﮭﺪﺑﻲ‬ cyst/o urinary bladder ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﻮﻟﯿﺔ‬ cyst/o, cyst/i filled sac or pouch ‫ ﺟﺮاب‬،‫ﻛﯿﺲ ﻣﻠﻲء‬ cyt/o cell ‫ﺧﻠﯿﺔ‬ dacry/o tear ‫دﻣﻊ‬ dacryocyst/o lacrimal sac ‫ﻛﯿﺲ اﻟﺪﻣﻊ‬ 29 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ dactyl/o finger, toe ‫إﺻﺒﻊ اﻟﻘﺪم‬ dent/o tooth ‫ﺳﻦ‬ derm/o, dermat/o skin ‫ﺟِﻠﺪ‬ duoden/o duodenum ‫اﻹﺛﻨﺎ ﻋﺸﺮ‬ electro/o electricity ‫ﻛﮭﺮﺑﺎء‬ embry/o embryo ‫ ﻣُﻀﻐﺔ‬،‫ﺟﻨﯿﻦ‬ encephal/o brain ‫دﻣﺎغ‬ endocrin/o endocrine glands or system ‫اﻟﻐﺪد اﻟﺼﻤﺎء‬ enter/o intestines ‫أﻣﻌﺎء‬ epididym/o Epididymis ‫اﻟﺒﺮﺑﺦ‬ episi/o vulva ‫ﻓﺮْج‬ erg/o work ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ erythr/o red blood cells ‫ﺧﻼﯾﺎ اﻟﺪم اﻟﺤﻤﺮاء‬ esophag/o esophagus ‫اﻟﻤﺮيء‬ fasci/o fibrous tissue ‫ﻧﺴﯿﺞ ﻟﯿﻔﻲ‬ ferr/o, ferr/i iron (symbol Fe) ‫اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺪ‬ fet/o fetus ‫ﺟﻨﯿﻦ‬ fibr/o fibers ‫أﻟﯿﺎف‬ galact/o milk ‫ﺣﻠﯿﺐ‬ gangli/o, ganglion/o ganglion ‫ﻋﻘﺪة‬ gastr/o stomach ‫ﻣﻌﺪة‬ gen origin, formation ‫ ﺗﺸﻜﯿﻞ‬،‫ﻣﻨﺸﺄ‬ genu knee ‫رﻛﺒﺔ‬ gingiv/o gums ‫ﻟﺜﺔ‬ 30 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ gli/o neuroglia ‫دﺑﻖ ﻋﺼﺒﻲ‬ glomerul/o glomerulus ‫ﻛُﺒﯿﺒﺔ‬ gloss/o tongue ‫ﻟﺴﺎن‬ gluc/o glucose ‫ﺟﻠﻮﻛﻮز‬ glyc/o sugar, glucose ‫ ﺟﻠﻮﻛﻮز‬،‫ﺳُﻜﺮ‬ gnath/o jaw ‫ﻓﻚ‬ gravid/o pregnancy ‫ﺣﻤﻞ‬ gyn/o, gynec/o woman ‫اﻣﺮأة‬ hem/o, hemat/o blood ‫دم‬ hepat/o liver ‫ﻛﺒﺪ‬ hidr/o, idr/o sweat, perspiration ‫ ﺗﻌﺮﱡق‬،‫ﻋﺮق‬ hist/o, histi/o tissue ‫ﻧﺴﯿﺞ‬ hydr/o water ‫ﻣﺎء‬ hypn/o sleep ‫ﻧﻮم‬ hypophys hypophysis, pituitary gland ‫اﻟﻐﺪة اﻟﻨﺨﺎﻣﯿﺔ‬ hyster/o uterus ‫رﺣِﻢ‬ ile/o ileum ‫ﻟﻔﺎﺋﻔﻲ‬ ili/o ilium (bone of the pelvis) ‫ﺣَﺮﻗﻔﺔ‬ immun/o Immunity ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬ in/o fiber ‫ﻟِﯿﻒ‬ insul/o pancreatic islets ‫ﺟُﺰﯾﺮات اﻟﺒﻨﻜﺮﯾﺎس‬ ir, irit/o, irid/o iris ‫زﻧﺒﻖ‬ jejun/o jejunum ‫ﺻﺎﺋﻢ‬ kali potassium (symbol K) ‫اﻟﺒﻮﺗﺎﺳﯿﻮم‬ 31 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ kary/o nucleus ‫ﻧﻮاة‬ kerat/o cornea, horny layer of the skin ‫ ﻗﺮن‬، ‫ﻗﺮﻧﯿﺔ‬ kine, kinesi/o, kinet/o movement ‫ﺣﺮﻛﺔ‬ labi/o lips ‫ﺷﻔﺔ‬ labyrinth/o labyrinth (inner ear) ‫ﺗﺠﻮﯾﻒ اﻷذن‬ lacrim/o tears, lacrimal apparatus ‫ اﻟﺠﮭﺎز اﻟﺪﻣﻌﻲ‬،‫دﻣﻮع‬ lact/o milk ‫ﺣﻠﯿﺐ‬ lapar/o loin ‫ﺧﺼﺮ‬ laryng/o larynx ‫ﺣﻨﺠﺮة‬ lent/i lens ‫ﻋﺪﺳﺔ‬ lingu/o tongue ‫ﻟﺴﺎن‬ lip/o lipid ‫ﺷﺤﻢ‬ lith calculus, stone ‫ﺣﺼﺎة‬ lumb/o lumbar region,lower back ‫ أﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﻈﮭﺮ‬،‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﻘﻄﻨﯿﺔ‬ lymphaden/o lymph node ‫ﻋﻘﺪة ﻟﻤﻔﯿﺔ‬ lymphangi/o lymphatic vessel ‫وﻋﺎء ﻟﻤﻔﺎوي‬ lymphocyt/o, lymph/o lymphocyte ‫اﻟﻠﻤﻔﺎوﯾﺔ‬ lymph/o lymph ‫ﻟﻤﻒ‬ mamm/o breast, mammary gland ‫ ﻏﺪة اﻟﺜﺪي‬،‫ﺛﺪي‬ mast/o breast ‫ﺛﺪي‬ medull/o medulla oblongata, spinal cord ‫ اﻟﺤﺒﻞ اﻟﺸﻮﻛﻲ‬،‫اﻟﻨﺨﺎع اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻄﯿﻞ‬ melan/o dark, black, melanin ‫ ﻣﯿﻼﻧﯿﻦ‬،‫أﺳﻮد‬،‫داﻛﻦ‬ men/o, mens month, menstruation ‫ ﺣﯿﺾ‬،‫اﻟﺸﮭﺮ‬ mening/o meninges ‫ﺳﺤﺎﯾﺎ‬ 32 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ metr/o, metr/i uterus ‫رﺣﻢ‬ morph/o form ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬ muc/o mucus, mucous membrane ‫ اﻟﻐﺸﺎء اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﻲ‬،‫ﻣﺨﺎط‬ muscul/o muscle ‫ﻋﻀﻠﺔ‬ my/o muscle ‫ﻋﻀﻠﺔ‬ myc/o fungus, mold ‫ اﻟﻌﻔﻦ‬،‫اﻟﻔﻄﺮﯾﺎت‬ myel/o bone marrow ‫ﻧﺨﺎع اﻟﻌﻈﻢ‬ myel/o bone marrow ,spinal cord ‫ اﻟﺤﺒﻞ اﻟﺸﻮﻛﻲ‬،‫ﻧﺨﺎع اﻟﻌﻈﻢ‬ myring/o eardrum ‫ﻃﺒﻠﺔ اﻷذن‬ myx/o mucus ‫ﻣُﺨﺎط‬ narc/o stupor, unconsciousness ‫ ﻏﯿﺒﻮﺑﺔ‬،‫ذھﻮل‬ nas/o nose ‫أﻧﻒ‬ nat/i birth ‫وﻻدة‬ natri sodium (symbol Na) ‫اﻟﺼﻮدﯾﻮم‬ nephr/o kidney ‫ﻛﻠﯿﺔ‬ nervous system, nervous tissue, ،‫ اﻷﻧﺴﺠﺔ اﻟﻌﺼﺒﯿﺔ‬،‫اﻟﺠﮭﺎز اﻟﻌﺼﺒﻲ‬ neur/o, neur/i nerve ‫اﻟﻌﺼﺐ‬ nucle/o nucleus ‫ﻧﻮاة‬ ocul/o eye ‫ﻋﯿﻦ‬ odont/o tooth ‫ﺳﻦ‬ omphal/o navel or umbilicus ‫ﺳُﺮة‬ onych/o nail ‫ﻇﻔﺮ‬ oophor/o ovary ‫ﻣﺒﯿﺾ‬ ophthalm/o eye ‫ﻋﯿﻦ‬ opt/o eye, vision ‫ رؤﯾﺔ‬،‫ﻋﯿﻦ‬ 33 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ or/o mouth ‫ﻓﻢ‬ orchi/o, orchid/o testis ‫ﺧﺼﯿﺔ‬ oste/o bone ‫ﻋﻈﻢ‬ ot/o ear ‫أذن‬ ov/o ovum, egg cell ِ‫ ﺧﻠﯿﺔ ﺑﯿﺾ‬،‫ﺑﯿﻀﺔ‬ ovari/o ovary ‫ﻣﺒﯿﺾ‬ ox/y oxygen (symbol O) ‫اﻷوﻛﺴﺠﯿﻦ‬ palat/o palate of mouth ‫ﺣﻨﻚ‬ palpebr/o eyelid ‫ﺟﻔﻦ‬ pancreat/o pancreas ‫اﻟﺒﻨﻜﺮﯾﺎس‬ papill/o nipple ‫اﻟﺤﻠﻤﺔ‬ parathyr/o, parathyroid gland parathyroid/o ‫اﻟﻐﺪة ﺟﺎرة اﻟﺪرﻗﯿﺔ‬ path/o disease ‫اﻟﻤﺮض‬ ped/o foot ‫ﻗﺪم‬ pelvi/o pelvis ‫اﻟﺤﻮض‬ perine/o perineum ‫اﻟﻌِﺠﺎن‬ periton, peritone/o peritoneum (‫اﻟﺒﺮﯾﺘﻮن )اﻟﺼﻔﺎق‬ phak/o, phac/o lens ‫ﻋﺪﺳﺔ‬ pharmac/o drug ‫دواء‬ pharyng/o pharynx ‫ﺑﻠﻌﻮم‬ phleb/o vein ‫ورﯾﺪ‬ phon/o sound, voice ‫ﺻﻮت‬ phot/o light ‫ﺿﻮء‬ pil/o hair ‫ﺷﻌﺮ‬ 34 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ phren/o diaphragm ‫اﻟﺤﺠﺎب اﻟﺤﺎﺟﺰ‬ phrenic/o phrenic nerve ‫اﻟﻌﺼﺐ اﻟﺤﺠﺎﺑﻲ‬ pituitar pituitary gland, hypophysis ‫ اﻟﻨﺨﺎﻣﯿﺔ‬،‫اﻟﻐﺪة اﻟﻨﺨﺎﻣﯿﺔ‬ plas formation, molding, development ‫ ﺗﻄﻮر‬،‫ ﻗﻮﻟﺒﺔ‬،‫ﺗﺸﻜﯿﻞ‬ pleur/o pleura of lung ‫ﺟﻨﺒﺔ‬ pneum/o, pneumon/o lung ‫رﺋﺔ‬ pod/o foot ‫ﻗﺪم‬ proct/o rectum ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ‬ prostat/o Prostate ‫اﻟﺒﺮوﺳﺘﺎﺗﺎ‬ prote/o protein ‫ﺑﺮوﺗﯿﻦ‬ psych/o mind ‫اﻟﻌﻘﻞ‬ pulm/o, pulmon/o lung ‫رﺋﺔ‬ pupill/o pupil ‫اﻟﺤﺪﻗﺔ‬ py/o pus ‫ﻗﯿﺢ‬ pyel/o pelvis of kidney ‫ﺣﻮض اﻟﻜﻠﯿﺔ‬ pylor/o pylorus ‫ﺑﺎب اﻟﻤﻌﺪة‬ pyr/o, pyret/o fever, fire ‫ ﻧﺎر‬،‫ﺣﻤﻰ‬ pyr/o, pyret/o fever ‫ﺣﻤﻰ‬ rachi/o spine ‫اﻟﺸﻮﻛﺔ‬ radi/o radiation, x-ray ‫ اﺷﻌﺔ ﺳﯿﻨﯿﺔ‬،‫اﻹﺷﻌﺎع‬ radicul/o root of a spinal nerve ‫ﺟﺬر اﻟﻌﺼﺐ اﻟﺸﻮﻛﻲ‬ rect/o rectum ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ‬ ren/o kidney ‫ﻛﻠﯿﺔ‬ reticul/o network ‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‬ 35 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ retin/o retina ‫ﺷﺒﻜﯿّﺔ اﻟﻌﯿﻦ‬ rhin/o nose ‫أﻧﻒ‬ sacchar/o sugar ‫ﺳُﻜﺮ‬ sacr/o sacrum ‫ﻋﺠﺰ‬ salping/o fallopian tube, oviduct ‫ﻗﻨﺎة ﻓﺎﻟﻮب‬ scrot/o, osche/o scrotum ‫ﻛﯿﺲ اﻟﺼﻔﻦ‬ seb/o sebum, sebaceous gland ‫ ﻏﺪة زُھﻤﯿﺔ‬،‫زُھﻢ‬ Semin semen ‫ﻣَﻨِﻲ‬ sial/o saliva ‫ﻟﻌﺎب‬ sider/o iron ‫اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺪ‬ sigmoid/o sigmoid colon ‫اﻟﻘﻮﻟﻮن اﻟﺴﯿﻨﻲ‬ somat/o, -some body ‫اﻟﺠﺴﻢ‬ somn/o, somn/i sleep ‫ﻧﻮم‬ son/o sound ‫ﺻﻮت‬ sperm/i,spermat/o Semen, spermatozoa ‫ﻣَﻨِﻲ‬ spir/o breathing ‫ﺗﻨﻔﺲ‬ splanchn/o viscera ‫أﺣﺸﺎء‬ splen/o spleen ‫ﻃﺤﺎل‬ spondyl/o vertebra ‫ﻓِﻘﺮة‬ staped/o, stapedi/o stapes ‫اﻟﺮﻛﺎب‬ steat/o fatty ‫دُھﻨﻲ‬ stern/o sternum ‫ﻗﺺ‬ stomat/o mouth ‫ﻓﻢ‬ synov/i synovial fluid ‫اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺰﻻﻟﻲ‬ 36 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ tars/o instep of foot ‫اﻟﺮﺻﻊ‬ ten/o, tenont/o tendon ‫وﺗﺮ‬ testi/o testis, testicle ‫ﺧﺼﯿﺔ‬ thalam/o thalamus ‫اﻟﻤِﮭﺎد‬ therm/o heat, temperature ‫ درﺟﺔ ﺣﺮارة‬،‫اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ thorac/o thorax or chest ‫ﺻﺪر‬ thromb/o blood clot ‫ﺟﻠﻄﺔ دﻣﻮﯾﺔ‬ thrombocyt/o platelet,thrombocyte ‫ﺻُﻔﯿﺤﺔ‬ thym/o thymus gland ‫اﻟﻐﺪّة اﻟﺴﻌﺘﺮﯾﺔ‬ thyr/o, thyroid/o thyroid gland ‫اﻟﻐﺪّة اﻟﺪرﻗّﯿﺔ‬ toc labor ‫ﻋَﻤَﻞ‬ ton/o tone ‫ﻧﻐﻤﺔ‬ tonsil/o tonsil ‫ﻟﻮزة‬ tox/o, toxic/o poison, toxin ‫ﺳُﻢ‬ trache/o trachea ‫رﻏﺎم‬ trachel/o neck ‫ ﻋﻨﻖ‬،‫رﻗﺒﺔ‬ trich/o hair ‫ﺷﻌﺮ‬ trop act on, affect ‫ﯾﺆﺛﺮ‬ troph/o feeding, growth, nourishment ‫ ﻏﺬاء‬،‫ ﻧﻤﻮ‬،‫إﻃﻌﺎم‬ tympanic cavity (middle ear), tympan/o tympanic membrane ‫ اﻟﻐﺸﺎء اﻟﻄﺒﻠﻲ‬،‫اﻟﺘﺠﻮﯾﻒ اﻟﻄﺒﻠﻲ‬ ur/o urine ‫ﺑﻮل‬ ureter/o ureter ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺐ‬ urethr/o urethra ‫ﻣﺠﺮى اﻟﺒﻮل‬ urin/o urine ‫ﺑﻮل‬ 37 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ uter/o uterus ‫رﺣﻢ‬ uve/o uvea ‫اﻟﻌﻨﺒﯿﺔ‬ vagin/o vagina ‫ﻣﮭﺒﻞ‬ vas/o vessel, vas deferens ‫وﻋﺎء‬ ven/o, , ven/i vein ‫ورﯾﺪ‬ ventricul/o ventricle ‫ﺑُﻄﯿﻦ‬ vertebr/o vertebra, spinal column ‫ اﻟﻌﻤﻮد اﻟﻔﻘﺮي‬،‫ﻓﻘﺮة‬ viscer/o viscera ‫أﺣﺸﺎء‬ vesic/o urinary bladder ‫اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻧﺔ‬ vesicul/o seminal vesicle ‫اﻟﺤﻮﯾﺼﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﻮﯾﺔ‬ vestibul/o vestibule, vestibular apparatus ‫ اﻟﺠﮭﺎز اﻟﺪھﻠﯿﺰي‬،‫دھﻠﯿﺰ‬ vir/o virus ‫ﻓﯿﺮوس‬ vulv/o vulva ‫ﻓﺮْج‬ 38 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫‪(5) Cells, Tissues, and Organs‬‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻼﯾﺎ و اﻷﻧﺴﺠﺔ و اﻷﻋﻀﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت رﺋﯿﺴﺔ ‪Key Terms‬‬ ‫‪Term‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫‪adenosintriphosphate‬‬ ‫اﻷدﯾﻨﻮزﯾﻦ ﺛﻼﺛﻲ اﻟﻔﻮﺳﻔﺎت‬ ‫‪carbohydrate‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮھﯿﺪرات‬ ‫‪cell‬‬ ‫ﺧﻠﯿﺔ‬ ‫‪chromosome‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺮوﻣﻮﺳﻮم‬ ‫‪cytoplasm‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﯾﺘﻮﺑﻼزم‬ ‫‪deoxyribonucleic acid‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺾ اﻟﻨﻮوي‬ ‫‪enzyme‬‬ ‫إﻧﺰﯾﻢ‬ ‫‪gene‬‬ ‫ﺟﯿﻦ‬ ‫‪glucose‬‬ ‫ﺟﻠﻮﻛﻮز‬ ‫‪homeostasis‬‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺘﺒﺎب‬ ‫‪lipid‬‬ ‫ﺷﺤﻢ‬ ‫‪metabolism‬‬ ‫اﻷﯾﺾ‬ ‫‪mitosis‬‬ ‫اﻧﻘﺴﺎم‬ ‫‪mucus‬‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺎط‬ ‫‪nucleus‬‬ ‫ﻧﻮاة‬ ‫‪protein‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮوﺗﯿﻦ‬ ‫‪ribonucleic acid‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺾ اﻟﻨﻮوي اﻟﺮﯾﺒﻮزي‬ ‫‪tissue‬‬ ‫ﻧﺴﯿﺞ‬ ‫‪39‬‬ ‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪ /‬ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫‪Cells, Tissues, and Organs‬‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻼﯾﺎ و اﻷﻧﺴﺠﺔ و اﻷﻋﻀﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت إﺿﺎﻓﯿﺔ ‪Supplementary Terms‬‬ ‫‪Term‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫‪amino acids‬‬ ‫أﺣﻤﺎض أﻣﯿﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫‪anabolism‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻤﺜﯿﻞ اﻟﻐﺬاﺋﻲ‬ ‫‪catabolism‬‬ ‫اﻧﺘﻘﺎض‬ ‫‪collagen‬‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮﻻﺟﯿﻦ‬ ‫‪cortex‬‬ ‫ﻗﺸﺮة‬ ‫‪glycogen‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻠﯿﻜﻮﺟﯿﻦ‬ ‫‪interstitial‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮاﻏﻲ‪ ،‬ﺧﻼﻟﻲ‬ ‫‪medulla‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺨﺎع‪ ،‬ﻟﺐ اﻟﻜﻈﺮ‬ ‫‪parenchyma‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺴﯿﺞ اﻟﺤﺸﻮي‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻦ‬ ‫‪parietal‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪاري‬ ‫‪soma‬‬ ‫ﺟﺴﺪ‬ ‫‪stem cell‬‬ ‫ﺧﻠﯿﺔ ﺟﺬﻋﯿﺔ‬ ‫‪visceral‬‬ ‫ﺣﺸﻮي‬ ‫‪40‬‬ ‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‪ /‬ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ (6) Body Structure ‫ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺐ اﻟﺠﺴﻢ‬ Directional Terms ‫ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﺗﺠﺎھﯿﺔ‬ Directional Term ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬ Anterior (ventral) ‫أﻣﺎﻣﻲ‬ Posterior (dorsal) ‫ﺧﻠﻔﻲ‬ Medial ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ Lateral ‫ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ‬ Proximal ٍ‫دان‬ Distal ٍ‫ﻗﺎص‬ Superior ‫ﻋﻠﻮي‬ Inferior ‫ﺳﻔﻠﻲ‬ Cephalic (cranial) ‫رأﺳﻲ‬ Caudal ‫ذﯾﻠﻲ‬ Superficial (external) ‫ﺳﻄﺤﻲ‬ Deep (internal) ‫ﻋﻤﯿﻖ‬ 41 ‫ ﻣﺒﺎرك أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﮭﺎدي‬/‫إﻋﺪاد اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ‬  ‫اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت اﻟﺠﺴﻢ ‪Body planes‬‬ ‫‪Body plane‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫)‪Corona