Science 9 SLEM 1-Quarter 1 PDF

9 Science Quarter 1 – SLeM 1: RESPIRATORY AND CIRCULATORY SYSTEMS: WORKING TOGETHER 1 HOW TO USE THIS MODULE Before starting the SLeM, I want you to set aside other tasks that will disturb you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instru...

9 Science Quarter 1 – SLeM 1: RESPIRATORY AND CIRCULATORY SYSTEMS: WORKING TOGETHER 1 HOW TO USE THIS MODULE Before starting the SLeM, I want you to set aside other tasks that will disturb you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to successfully enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun! 1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated on every page of this module. 2. Write in your notebook the concepts that you learned. Writing enhances learning and helps you keep in mind what is important 3. Perform all the provided activities in the module. 4. Let your facilitator/ guardian assess your answers using the answer key. 5. Enjoy studying. Development Team of the SLeM Writers: Pamela P. Bersabe Angelyn M. Dacdac Format Editor: Cristine S. Sañada Language Editor: Edita R. Gravador Content Validators: Ryan T. Gomez Krisel C. Gomez Reviewer: Babie Noreen P. Clemente Management Team: School Head: Dr. Eladio H. Escolano Department Chairman: Babie Noreen P. Clemente Subject LR Coordinator: Heydee I. Añonuevo School LR Coordinator: Maricel S. Oliva School Assistant LR Coordinator: Jeweldine T. Baraquil PARTS OF THIS MODULE Expectations- These are what you will learn after completing the lessons in the module. Pre-test – This will measure what you already know about the concepts to be mastered throughout the lesson. Looking Back to your Lesson- This section will measure what learning’s and skills you gained from the previous lesson. Brief Introduction- This section will give you an overview of the lesson. Activities- This is a set of activities you will perform. Remember- This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the lessons. Check your Understanding- It will check what you have learned from the lessons. Post-test- This will measure how much you have learned from the entire module. 2 This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master how the Respiratory and Circulatory System work together. This module will target the Most Essential Learning Competency for Science 9 Quarter 1-Week 1 with the code: S9LT-la-b-26: Explain how the respiratory and circulatory systems work together to transport nutrients, gases, and other molecules to and from the different parts of the body. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The module is divided into two lessons, namely: Lesson 1 – Parts and Functions of the Respiratory and Circulatory Systems Lesson 2- The Mechanism of how the Respiratory and Circulatory System working together. Lesson 1: Parts and Functions of the Respiratory and Circulatory Systems Expectation Specifically, Lesson 1 will help you to: identify the parts and functions of the Respiratory and Circulatory Systems. Let us start your journey in learning more about the parts and functions of the Human Respiratory and Circulatory Systems. Smile and cheer up! Pre-Test Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. 1. Which of the following systems is responsible for supplying oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide into our body? A. Circulatory B. Respiratory C. Excretory D. Urinary 2. Which organ pumps blood throughout the body? A. heart B. lungs C. blood D. blood vessels 3. What part makes the entering air warm, damp, and clean of unknown particles? A. alveoli B. nose and nasal passages C. heart D. Lungs 4. What part is consisting of tiny air sacs and the site where exchange of gases occurs? A. Trachea B. Pharynx C. Larynx D. Alveoli 5. The following are types of blood vessels except _____. A. heart B. veins C. arteries D. capillaries Looking Back Living things require oxygen to survive. Oxygen helps in the organisms’ reproduction, growth, and completion of other body processes. Oxygen gives our cells the ability to break down food to get the energy we need to survive. But how do humans get the Oxygen they 3 need? Fill in the lines to complete the Oxygen- Carbon dioxide Cycle diagram below and be able to answer the above question. Conclusion: _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ Figure 1: Oxygen- Carbon dioxide Cycle Brief Introduction The Respiratory System Respiratory system is made up of the organs in the body that help us to breathe. Just remember that the word respiration is linked to breathing. This system does two very important things: it brings oxygen into our bodies, which we need for our cells to live and function properly; and it helps us get rid of carbon dioxide, which is a waste product of cellular function. In the Nose and Nasal passages, the entering air is made warm, damp, and clean of unknown particles. Next, the air moves down through the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli. Trachea is the empty tube that serves as passageway of air into the lungs. Bronchi are the two branching tubes that connect the trachea to the lungs. Bronchioles are the hair-like tubes that connect to the alveoli. Alveoli are the air sacs that allow gas exchange in the lungs. The Circulatory System The circulatory system is the life support structure that nourishes your cells with nutrients from the food you eat and oxygen from the air you breathe. The circulatory system functions with other body systems to deliver different materials in the body. It circulates vital elements such as oxygen and nutrients. At the same time, it also transports wastes away from the body The Heart pumps the blood throughout the body; Blood vessels: (a)Arteries- carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the body parts; (b)Veins carry unoxygenated blood from the body parts back to the heart; (c) Capillaries are the area where gas exchange between O2 and CO2 happens in the body parts; and Blood carries the materials such as dissolved gases, ions, and nutrients, throughout the body. 4  Activity Activity 1: Parts and Functions of the Respiratory System Refer to the clues provided to complete the diagram in the right, label each part and give their function. Clues: 1. 5. 1. Also called as windpipe 2. Also called as bronchial tubes 2. 6. 3. Finer subdivisions of the bronchi 4. Appears in clusters/ sacs 3. 5. Opening to the respiratory tract 6. Airflow channel 4. the Circulatory System Activity 2: Parts and Functions of Activity 2: Parts and Functions of the Circulatory System Using the given graphic organizer, fill in the missing parts, description, and functions to complete the entire concept. Figure 3: The Human Circulatory System 5  Remember The human respiratory system is composed of organs that work together to permit the exchange of Oxygen and Carbon dioxide with the environment. The air we breathe goes through the nose, nasal passages, and then through the trachea or windpipe, which separates into two branches, called bronchial tubes or bronchi, one entering each lung. The bronchi subdivide many times inside the lungs, finally becoming hair-like tubes called bronchioles. In the last part of the terminal bronchioles are tiny bubble-like bunch of structures called alveoli or air sacs. The dissolved gases such as Oxygen and Carbon dioxide are transported by the circulatory system throughout the body to perform vital body processes. The heart pumps the blood throughout the body. Blood vessels carry the blood throughout the body. The blood carries the materials such as dissolved gases, ions, and nutrients, throughout the body. Checking Your Understanding A. Complete the pathway of oxygen in our Respiratory System by filling up the boxes with parts where it passes. Nose B. Briefly answer the question below. How does the Oxygen reach the different body cells? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Post-Test Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. 1. Which of the following systems is responsible for supplying oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide into our body? A. Circulatory B. Respiratory C. Excretory D. Urinary 2. Which organ pumps blood throughout the body? A. heart B. lungs C. blood D. blood vessels 3. What part makes the entering air warm, damp, and clean of unknown particles? A. alveoli B. nose and nasal passages C. heart D. Lungs 4. What part is consisting of tiny air sacs and the site where exchange of gases occurs? A. Trachea B. Pharynx C. Larynx D. Alveoli 5. The following are types of blood vessels except _____. A. heart B. veins C. arteries D. capillaries - - - - - -End of lesson 1- - - - - 6  Lesson 2: Mechanism on How the Respiratory and Circulatory Systems Work Together Expectation Specifically, Lesson 2 will help you to: explain how the respiratory and circulatory systems work together to transport nutrients, gases, and other molecules to and from the different parts of the body. Let us start your journey in learning more about how the Circulatory and Respiratory Systems work together to transport materials throughout the body. I am sure you are ready and excited to answer the Pre-test. Smile and cheer up! Pre-Test Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. 1. Which blood vessel carries oxygen-rich blood towards the heart A. aorta B. pulmonary vein C. capillaries D. pulmonary artery 2. Oxygen and Carbon dioxide exchange between the respiratory and circulatory system happens in what part of the body? A. nose B. artery C. alveoli D. trachea 3. Which of the following is NOT carried by the blood components? A. acid B. gases C. nutrients D. hormones 4. Which type of blood circulation happens between the heart and the lungs? A. systemic B. coronary C. fetal D. pulmonary 5. In which blood vessel does gas exchange happen? A. vein B. artery C. capillary D. all of the above Looking Back In lessons 1 and 2, you have learned the parts and functions of the respiratory and the circulatory systems. When you inhale, Oxygen gets in your body. When you exhale, Carbon dioxide is released; and in every heartbeat, blood is pumped in your body. Complete the Venn Diagram below to review the functions of the respiratory and circulatory systems. Respiratory Circulatory System System 7  Brief Introduction The respiratory system works directly with the circulatory system to provide oxygen to the body. Oxygen taken in through the respiratory system moves into blood vessels that then circulate oxygen-rich blood together with nutrients, hormones and other molecules to body cells and picks up Carbon dioxide as waste. Carbon dioxide is released when you exhale. Pulmonary Circulation allows movement of blood and gases in the two systems. The heart is a hollow muscular organ, about the size of your fist, which is in the center of your chest between the lungs. It is a double pump that pumps on the left and right sides. Every side is divided into two chambers, the atrium and the ventricle, each of which has a left and right portion, totaling to four chambers altogether. The top chamber is the atrium (plural: atria). The bottom chamber is called the ventricle. The valve acts as a one-way door, allowing blood to flow either forward into the next chamber, or out of the heart. Activity Activity 1: Just Go with the Flow Directions: Write numbers 1-7 to trace the pathway of blood with gases and nutrients in the body ______ Oxygen-rich blood enters the left atrium from the lungs. ______ Blood from the right ventricle goes to the lungs to pick up oxygen and pass out Carbon dioxide. ______ Carbon dioxide passes out of the blood stream, and is eventually exhaled by the respiratory system ______ At the same time, deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium. ______ Blood is squeezed into the ventricles. ______ The ventricles contract. ______ At the same time, blood from the left ventricle goes to the body to supply it with oxygen. Figure 4: Human Blood Circulation Activity 2: Heart Rate and the Breathing Mechanism Objective: Relate the heart rate to your breathing rate Procedure: 1. Using your chairs at home, perform 10 lifts (stand up straight and bring your chair up to your chest, then back down—this is one lift). Upon finishing, take your PULSE and calculate your own heart rate. Record all the data in the table below. 8  RESTING PULSE RATE To feel your pulse, find the artery in your wrist. Place the tips of the first two fingers of one hand on the palm side of your other wrist. You may need to press firmly to feel the pulse. Find your pulse, and then count the number of pulses for 20 seconds. Write this in the space provided, and then multiply by three to get the number of heart beats per minute while at rest. # of pulses for 20 seconds: _________ x 3 = ________ beats per minute, resting 2. Repeat 10 lifts, then calculate your breathing rate. Record data in table. 3. Now perform 20 lifts. Take your pulse and calculate your own heart rate. Record the data. Then repeat the 20 lifts and calculate your breathing rate. Record. CALCULATING RESPIRATION RATE To calculate your respiration rate, breathe normally and count the number of breaths you take in 20 seconds, then multiply by three. # of breaths for 20 seconds: __________ x 3 =_________ breaths per minute 4. Rest for about 1 minute, and then hold your breath for 20 seconds. Take your pulse DURING the 20 second breath-holding period and save the number. Calculate your breathing rate for 20 seconds FOLLOWING the breath-holding period. Then calculate your heart rate from the pulse number you saved. Record all data. Table 1: Heart Rate Vs. Breathing Rate Guide Question/s: 1. What happens with the heart rate during and immediately after a period of physical activity? 2. What happens with the breathing rate during and immediately after a period of physical activity? 9 3. Explain how the respiratory system works together with circulatory system in transporting materials in the body. Remember Respiration is also closely linked with your heart rate. As you inhale and bring air into your lungs, your pulmonary artery brings blood in need of oxygen to the lungs. Through tiny blood vessels called capillaries, blood is brought into contact with the alveoli (air sacs) of the lungs. Oxygen diffuses out of the alveoli and into the blood, while carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood and into the alveoli. As you exhale, you get rid of this carbon dioxide. Oxygenated blood is carried back to the heart through the pulmonary vein and is then pumped by the heart to the rest of the body. The blood carries Oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and essential minerals to every part of the body. It also picks up Carbon dioxide as a waste material. Checking Your Understanding The human circulatory system works together with respiratory system to perform vital body processes. Why do you think it’s important to take care of these two systems? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ Post-Test Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. 1. Which blood vessel carries oxygen-rich blood towards the heart A. aorta B. pulmonary vein C. capillaries D. pulmonary artery 2. Oxygen and Carbon dioxide exchange between the respiratory and circulatory system happens in what part of the body? A. nose B. artery C. alveoli D. trachea 3. Which of the following is NOT carried by the blood components? A. acid B. gases C. nutrients D. hormones 4. Which type of blood circulation happens between the heart and the lungs? A. systemic B. coronary C. fetal D. pulmonary 5. In which blood vessel does gas exchange happen? A. vein B. artery C. capillary D. all of the above - - - - - -End of lesson 2- - - - - 10 References Alvarez, et.al. Science – Grade 9 Learner’s Module First Edition, 2014.ISBN: 978-621- 407-027-5.pages5-17. Accessed: September,2020 Barbara Heard. Atlantic Cape Community College. The Cardiovascular System: The Heart: Part A. 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Siyavula.CNX Author. 1999-2021, Rice University. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. 11